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| 1 | Ozone source attribution during a severe photochemical smog episode in Beijing,China显示文摘Beijing,the capital of China,frequently suffers from the high levels of ozone in summer.A 3-D regional chemical transport model,the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions(CAMx),has been used to simulate a heavy O3 pollution episode in Beijing during June 26―July 2,2000.Ozone Source Apportionment Technology(OSAT) and Geographic Ozone Assessment Technology(GOAT) were applied to quantify the contributions of the precursor emissions from different regions to O3 concentrations in Beijing,to identify the relative importance of different ways by which regional sources affected the O3 levels in Beijing urban areas,and to investigate the sensitivity of O3 formation to the precursors during the episode.The O3 pollution in Beijing showed a significant spatial distribution with strong regional contribution.The results suggested that the plume originating from Beijing urban areas greatly affected the O3 concentrations at the Dingling site,accounting for 55% of elevated O3 there,while O3 pollution in the Beijing urban areas resulted from both local emissions and those from Tianjin and the south of Hebei Province.Transport of O3 was responsible for about 70% of the regional O3 contribution to Beijing urban areas,while transport of O3 precursors accounted for the remainder.The formation of O3 was limited by volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in the urban areas of Beijing,while being more sensitive to NOx levels in the suburban and more remote areas.Therefore,it is necessary to consider a large number of factors,including impacts of emissions from different regions,the two modes of regional contribution as well as the sensitivity of O3 formation to precursors,in the design of emissions control strategies for O3 reduction in Beijing. | WANG XueSong LI JinLong ZHANG YuanHang XIE ShaoDong TANG XiaoYan | 2009 | Science China Chemistry2009，52，8： | 32 |
| 2 | The levels, sources and reactivity of volatile organic compounds in a typical urban area of Northeast China显示文摘Air concentrations of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) were continually measured at a monitoring site in Shenyang from 20 August to 16 September 2017. The average concentrations of alkanes, alkenes, aromatics and carbonyls were 28.54, 6.30, 5.59 and9.78 ppbv, respectively. Seven sources were identified by the Positive Matrix Factorization model based on the measurement data of VOCs and CO. Vehicle exhaust contributed the most(36.15%) to the total propene-equivalent concentration of the measured VOCs,followed by combustion emission(16.92%), vegetation emission and secondary formation(14.33%), solvent usage(10.59%), petrochemical industry emission(9.89%), petrol evaporation(6.28%), and liquefied petroleum gas(LPG) usage(5.84%). Vehicle exhaust, solvent usage and combustion emission were found to be the top three VOC sources for O_3 formation potential, accounting for 34.52%, 16.55% and 11.94%, respectively. The diurnal variation of the total VOCs from each source could be well explained by their emission characteristics,e.g., the two peaks of VOC concentrations from LPG usage were in line with the cooking times for breakfast and lunch. Wind rose plots of the VOCs from each source could reveal the possible distribution of the sources around the monitoring site. The O_3 pollution episodes during the measurement period were found to be coincident with the elevation of VOCs, which was mainly due to the air parcel from the southeast direction where petrochemical industry emission was found to be dominant, suggesting that the petrochemical industry emission from the southeast was probably a significant cause of O_3 pollution in Shenyang. | Zhuobiao Ma Chengtang Liu Chenglong Zhang Pengfei Liu Can Ye Chaoyang Xue Di Zhao Jichen Sun Yiming Du Fahe Chai Yujing Mu | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，5： | 12 |
| 3 | Characteristics and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in impervious surface run-off in an urban area in Shanghai, China显示文摘Rainwater and run-off from three kinds of impervious surface in the Shanghai urban area,China were sampled.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) were measured in the samples,and their sources were assessed.The mean sum of the 16 PAH concentrations measured in rainwater and run-offs from ceramic tiles,asphalt roofs,and asphalt roads were 873,1404,1743,and 4023 ng/L,respectively.The PAH concentrations found in this study were moderate compared to PAH concentrations found in run-offs in other studies.The main PAH components in the rainwater,roof run-off,and asphalt road run-off samples were 3-ring PAHs,3–4-ring PAHs,and 4–6-ring PAHs,respectively.Source apportionment results indicated that combustion(47.4%–55.5%) and vehicular emissions(30.5%–33.0%) were the major contributors to PAHs in roof run-off.Vehicular emissions were the most significant contributors to asphalt road run-off(47.2%),followed by combustion(23.5%),and petroleum(16.3%).Vehicular emissions and coal and natural gas combustion are therefore the most significant sources of PAHs in run-off from impervious surfaces in the Shanghai urban area. | Juan HOU Lu BIAN Tian LI | 2013 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)2013，14，10： | 3 |
| 4 | Effect of air masses motion on the rapid change of aerosols in marine atmosphere显示文摘The impact of air masses motion on marine aerosol properties was investigated using an on-board single particle mass spectrometer(SPAMS) deployed for the determination of single particle size resolved chemical composition over Southeast China Sea. Two aerosol blooms(E1 and E2) were observed during the cruise. High average particle number count occurred in E1(7320), followed by E2(5850), which was more than 100–150 times of the average particle number count during normal periods. Particles were classified as four major sources, including continental source, shipping source, marine source, and transport source based on the mass spectral similarity. Transport source was identified as those particles with high particle number count occurred only during aerosol bloom period. Three sub-types of EC-Ca, OC-Ca, and Al-rich were classified as transport source.EC-Ca was the dominant particles of the transport source, accounting for more than 70%of the total particles in aerosol bloom events. A uni-modal size distribution in the size range of 0.1–2.0 μm was observed during normal period, while a bimodal distribution with a tiny mode(<0.3 μm) and a coarse mode between 0.4 and 0.6 μm was present during aerosol bloom. The variation of aerosol source is consistent with air masses back trajectories, for the reason that most of the long-range air trajectories are from the ocean,while short air trajectories originate in the continental regions, which means that air masses have a significant impact on the aerosol physical–chemical properties along their tracks. | Jinpei Yan Qi Lin Miming Zhang Shuhui Zhao Liqi Chen | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，9： | 1 |
| 5 | Study on the Current Situation and Source Apportionment of PM_(2.5) Pollution in China显示文摘In this paper,using concentration data of PM2. 5in 2013 in China and referring to a lot of literature,we preliminary studied the pollution of fine particulate matter and summarized PM2. 5source apportionment in the key cities in China. Our results showed that PM2. 5showed significant spatial and temporal distribution; high surface concentrations of PM2. 5concentrated mainly in the North China Plain,the Sichuan Basin,Yangtze River Delta and other regions; the average annual concentration of PM2. 5was about 80μg / m3 in North China Plain; Seasonal changes in the concentration of PM2. 5was winter > spring > autumn > summer; fired sources,industrial sources,vehicle exhaust were the major sources of PM2. 5; motor vehicle exhaust mostly contributed 10%- 30% to PM2. 5. This review provides a fundamental understanding of PM2. 5source apportionment and serves as an important reference for future source apportionment studies to be widely conducted in China. | Nianliang CHENG Shangyin GAO Yunting LI Bingfen CHENG Kuikui YUAN | 2015 | Asian Agricultural Research2015，7，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Sources of methacrolein and methyl vinyl ketone and their contributions to methylglyoxal and formaldehyde at a receptor site in Pearl River Delta显示文摘Methacrolein(MACR) and methyl vinyl ketone(MVK) are two major intermediate products from the photochemical oxidation of isoprene, the most important biogenic volatile organic compound. In addition, MACR and MVK have primary emissions. Investigating the sources and evolution of MACR and MVK could provide helpful information for the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. In this study, hourly measurements of isoprene, MACR, and MVK were conducted at a receptor site in the Pearl River Delta region(PRD), i.e., the Heshan site(HS), from 22 October to 20 November, 2014. The average mixing ratios of isoprene,MACR and MVK were 151 ± 17, 91 ± 6 and 79 ± 6 pptv, respectively. The daily variations and the ratios of MVK/MACR during daytime and nighttime suggested that other sources besides isoprene photooxidation influenced the MACR and MVK abundances at the HS.Positive matrix factorization was utilized to resolve the sources of MACR and MVK. Five sources were identified and quantified, including biogenic emissions, biomass burning,secondary formation, diesel, and gasoline vehicular emissions. Among them, secondary formation made the greatest contribution to observed MACR and MVK with average contributions of ~ 45% and ~ 70%, respectively. Through the yields of secondary products from the oxidation of MACR and MVK by the OH radical and the concentrations of MACR and MVK, it was found that methylglyoxal and formaldehyde were the main oxidation products of MACR and MVK at the HS site. Overall, this study evaluated the roles of primary emissions on ambient levels of MACR and MVK and advanced the understanding of photochemical oxidation of MACR and MVK in the PRD. | Zhenhao Ling Zhuoran He Zhe Wang Min Shao Xuemei Wang | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，5： | 1 |
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