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| 1 | Correction:Assessment of wind and photovoltaic power potential in China显示文摘Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported some errors in Table 5.The correct Table 5 has been provided in this Correction.The original article[1]has been updated. | Yang Wang Qingchen Chao Lin Zhao Rui Chang | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 2 |
| 2 | PEM water electrolysis for hydrogen production:fundamentals,advances,and prospects显示文摘Hydrogen,as a clean energy carrier,is of great potential to be an alternative fuel in the future.Proton exchange membrane(PEM)water electrolysis is hailed as the most desired technology for high purity hydrogen production and self-consistent with volatility of renewable energies,has ignited much attention in the past decades based on the high current density,greater energy efficiency,small mass-volume characteristic,easy handling and maintenance.To date,substantial efforts have been devoted to the development of advanced electrocatalysts to improve electrolytic efficiency and reduce the cost of PEM electrolyser.In this review,we firstly compare the alkaline water electrolysis(AWE),solid oxide electrolysis(SOE),and PEM water electrolysis and highlight the advantages of PEM water electrolysis.Furthermore,we summarize the recent progress in PEM water electrolysis including hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts in the acidic electrolyte.We also introduce other PEM cell components(including membrane electrode assembly,current collector,and bipolar plate).Finally,the current challenges and an outlook for the future development of PEM water electrolysis technology for application in future hydrogen production are provided. | Tongzhou Wang Xuejie Cao Lifang Jiao | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 2 |
| 3 | A comprehensive review of planning,modeling,optimization,and control of distributed energy systems显示文摘Distributed energy system,a decentralized low-carbon energy system arranged at the customer side,is characterized by multi-energy complementarity,multi-energy flow synergy,multi-process coupling,and multi-temporal scales(n-M characteristics).This review provides a systematic and comprehensive summary and presents the current research on distributed energy systems in three dimensions:system planning and evaluation,modeling and optimization,and operation and control.Under the regional environmental,resource,and policy constraints,planning distributed energy systems should fully integrate technical,economic,environmental,and social factors and consider device characteristics,system architecture,and source-load uncertainties.Further,this review presents four modeling perspectives for optimizing and analyzing distributed energy systems,including energy hub,thermodynamics,heat current,and data-driven.The system’s optimal operation and scheduling strategies,disturbance analysis,and related control methods are also discussed from the power system and thermal system,respectively.In all,more research is required for distributed energy systems based on an integrated energy perspective in optimal system structure,hybrid modeling approaches,data-driven system state estimation,cross-system disturbance spread,and multi-subject interaction control. | Junhong Hao Yongping Yang Chao Xu Xiaoze Du | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Several key issues for CCUS development in China targeting carbon neutrality显示文摘Carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS),as a technology with large-scale emission reduction potential,has been widely developed all over the world.In China,CCUS development achieved fruitful outcomes.CCUS gained further broad attention from the announcement of the carbon neutrality target by 2060,as CCUS is an indispensable important technology to realize carbon neutrality.It helps not only to build zero-emission and more resilient energy and industry systems but also provides negative emission potential.This paper discusses the new demand for carbon capture,utilization,and storage development brought by the carbon neutrality target analyzes the development status.As there remain various challenges of CCUS development,this paper focuses on several key issues for CCUS development in China targeting carbon neutrality:1)how to reposition the role of CCUS under the carbon neutral target?2)how shall we understand the technology development status and the costs?3)what role shall utilization and storage play in future?4)potential strategy applied to solve challenges of source-sink mismatch and resources constraints;and 5)new business model that suits large scale deployment of CCUS.This paper puts forward several policy suggestions that should be focused on now in China,especially to raise awareness under the vision of carbon neutrality that the role and contribution of CCUS are different,to accelerate the establishment of a comprehensive and systematic enabling environment for CCUS. | Zhang Jiutian Wang Zhiyong Kang Jia-Ning Song Xiangjing Xu Dong | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Assessment of wind and photovoltaic power potential in China显示文摘Decarbonization of the energy system is the key to China’s goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2060.However,the potential of wind and photovoltaic(PV)to power China remains unclear,hindering the holistic layout of the renewable energy development plan.Here,we used the wind and PV power generation potential assessment system based on the Geographic Information Systems(GIS)method to investigate the wind and PV power generation potential in China.Firstly,the high spatial-temporal resolution climate data and the mainstream wind turbines and PV modules,were used to assess the theoretical wind and PV power generation.Then,the technical,policy and economic(i.e.,theoretical power generation)constraints for wind and PV energy development were comprehensively considered to evaluate the wind and solar PV power generation potential of China in 2020.The results showed that,under the current technological level,the wind and PV installed capacity potential of China is about 56.55 billion kW,which is approximately 9 times of those required under the carbon neutral scenario.The wind and PV power generation potential of China is about 95.84 PWh,which is approximately 13 times the electricity demand of China in 2020.The rich areas of wind power generation are mainly distributed in the western,northern,and coastal provinces of China.While the rich areas of PV power generation are mainly distributed in western and northern China.Besides,the degree of tapping wind and PV potential in China is not high,and the installed capacity of most provinces in China accounted for no more than 1%of the capacity potential,especially in the wind and PV potential-rich areas. | Yang Wang Qingchen Chao Lin Zhao Rui Chang | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Climate policy uncertainty and corporate investment:evidence from the Chinese energy industry显示文摘In recent years,with the increasing attention paid to climate risks,the changes in climate policies are also more full of uncertainties,which have brought tremendous impact to economic entities,including companies.Using the dynamic threshold model,this study investigates the nonlinear and the asymmetric effect of climate policy uncertainty on Chinese firm investment decisions with panel data of 128 Chinese energy-related companies from 2007 to 2019.The empirical findings indicate that the influence of climate policy uncertainty on firm investment is significantly nonlinear.Overall,climate policy uncertainty is not apparently related to corporate investments in the high-level range,while it negatively affects the investments in the low-level range.In addition,to be more specific,the negative impact of climate policy uncertainty on the mining industry is tremendous,while the influence on the production and supply of electricity,heat,gas,and water sector is remarkably positive.The results of this study could help the company managers and policymakers to arrange appropriate related strategies under different climate policy conditions. | Xiaohang Ren Yukun Shi Chenglu Jin | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Recent progress of quantum dots for energy storage applications显示文摘The environmental problems of global warming and fossil fuel depletion are increasingly severe,and the demand for energy conversion and storage is increasing.Ecological issues such as global warming and fossil fuel depletion are increasingly stringent,increasing energy conversion and storage needs.The rapid development of clean energy,such as solar energy,wind energy and hydrogen energy,is expected to be the key to solve the energy problem.Several excellent literature works have highlighted quantum dots in supercapacitors,lithium-sulfur batteries,and photocatalytic hydrogen production.Here,we outline the latest achievements of quantum dots and their composites materials in those energy storage applications.Moreover,we rationally analyze the shortcomings of quantum dots in energy storage and conversion,and predict the future development trend,challenges,and opportunities of quantum dots research. | Quan Xu Yingchun Niu Jiapeng Li Ziji Yang Jiajia Gao Lan Ding Huiqin Ni Peide Zhu Yinping Liu Yaoyao Tang Zhong-Peng Lv Bo Peng Travis Shihao Hu Hongjun Zhou Chunming Xu | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Advances,challenges,and perspectives for CCUS source-sink matching models under carbon neutrality target显示文摘With the widespread popularity of carbon neutrality,the decarbonization approach using carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)has grown from a low-carbon utilization technology to an indispensable technology for the entire global carbon-neutral technology system.As a primary method to support CCUS research,source-sink matching models face several new demand-oriented challenges.Comprehensive research and in-depth insights are needed to guide targeted capability upgrades.This review evaluates the advances,challenges,and perspectives of various CCUS source-sink matching models developed in the past 10 years.We provide an integrated conceptual framework from six key attributes relating to mitigation targets,carbon sources,carbon sinks,transportation networks,utilization,and integration(synergy).The results indicate that previous models have effectively deepened our understanding of the matching process by targeting various CCUS-related issues and provided a solid foundation for more robust models to be developed.Six perspectives are put forward to outline research and development prospects for future models,which may have meaningful effects for advancement under emerging carbon neutrality targets. | Xian Zhang Kai Li Ning Wei Zheng Li Jing-Li Fan | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 1 |
| 9 | The role of heat pump in heating decarbonization for China carbon neutrality显示文摘Heating decarbonization is a major challenge for China to meet its 2060 carbon neutral commitment,yet most existing studies on China’s carbon neutrality focus on supply side(e.g.,grid decarbonization,zero-carbon fuel)rather than demand side(e.g.,heating and cooling in buildings and industry).In terms of end use energy consumption,heating and cooling accounts for 50% of the total energy consumption,and heat pumps would be an effective driver for heating decarbonization along with the decarbonization on power generation side.Previous study has discussed the underestimated role of the heat pump in achieving China’s goal of carbon neutrality by 2060.In this paper,various investigation and assessments on heat pumps from research to applications are presented.The maximum decarbonization potential from heat pump in a carbon neutral China future could reach around 1532Mton and 670Mton for buildings and industrial heating respectively,which show nearly 2 billion tons CO_(2) emission reduction,20% current CO_(2) emission in China.Moreover,a region-specific technology roadmap for heat pump development in China is suggested.With collaborated efforts from government incentive,technology R&D,and market regulation,heat pump could play a significant role in China’s 2060 carbon neutrality. | Hongzhi YAN Ruzhu WANG Chuan Zhang Zhenyuan Xu Bin Hu Zhao Shao | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
| 10 | Decarbonization path of China’s public building sector from bottom to top显示文摘The building sector is one of the three major energy consumption areas and one of the main areas responsible for carbon emissions.In 2019,carbon emissions related to construction and building operations in China accounted for 38% of the total social carbon emissions,of which construction accounted for 16% and operations accounted for 22%.Due to its large volume and high energy consumption per unit area,public buildings account for 38% of the operating energy consumption of all buildings,that is,8% of the total national energy consumption.At this time,the building industry must take decarbonization actions to avoid a delay in realizing carbon neutrality and an emission peak.We need to form a unified process for the implementation boundary,implementation path,and index system to build a zero-carbon implementation plan for China’s public building sector.Based on bottom-up practical cases,this paper proposes the KAYA model,which is applicable to different scales and different types of public buildings/communities,and proposes specific and feasible plans.Through the implementation of demand reduction,energy efficiency improvement,and the fully-use of renewable energy in all five clear steps,this paper promotes the implementation of decarbonization in China’s building industry. | Chenwei Peng Qingpeng Wei Wengang Wei | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
| 11 | Trends in carbon capture technologies:a bibliometric analysis显示文摘Climate change is an ever-present issue,which has a vast variety of potential solutions,one of which being carbon capture.This paper aims to use bibliometric analysis techniques to find trends in carbon capture within the technologies of adsorption,absorption,membranes,and hybrid technologies.The Web of Science core collection database performed bibliometric searches,with the‘Bibliometrix’plug-in for R software,performing the bibliometric analysis.Bibliometric data spanned across 1997–2020 and the investigation found that adsorption technologies dominated this period in terms of citations and articles,with hybrid technologies being the least produced but rising in scientific productivity and citations.The Analysis found China and the United States of America to be the dominant producers of articles,with global collaboration being central to carbon capture.The‘International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control’ranked as the top producer of articles however,the‘ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces’was the leading journal in terms of H-index. | Sean Ritchie Elena Tsalaporta | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
| 12 | Carbon capture and storage(CCS):development path based on carbon neutrality and economic policy显示文摘In order to limit global warming to 2°C,countries have adopted carbon capture and storage(CCS)technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emission.However,it is currently facing challenges such as controversial investment costs,unclear policies,and reduction of new energy power generation costs.In particular,some CCS projects are at a standstill.To promote the development of CCS projects in different countries,this paper reviews and compares energy conservation and emission reduction policies and different national goals.From a policy perspective,CCS-driven policies are analyzed.Based on this,corresponding policy recommendations are put forward,in order to promote the healthy development of global CCS technology and deal with climate issues more effectively.With less than 10 years away from the short-term goal,promoting the development and application of CCS projects requires scientific research from universities,enterprises and governments in order to attain zero or negative CO_(2)emission.On the basis of focusing on the development of CCS technology,according to the actual situation of each country,the appropriate application of CCS engineering should focus on the development of science and technology,rather than a unified requirement around the world. | Minghai Shen Fulin Kong Lige Tong Yang Luo Shaowu Yin Chuanping Liu Peikun Zhang Li Wang Paul K.Chu Yulong Ding | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
| 13 | High faradic efficiency of CO_(2) conversion to formic acid catalyzed by Cu_(2)O hollow‑dices显示文摘Cu_(2)O has been intensively studied as an efficient catalyst for CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).By various methods for fine-tuning the morphology and surface modification,high selectivity and activity of different products can be achieved.Here,we report a novel Cu_(2)O nanostructure design by facet-controlled etching,during which the catalyst structure switched from a cuboctahedron architecture to a hollow dice-like structure.The as-etched catalysts exhibit a high Faradic efficiency of formic acid,reaching 75.1% at a low potential of -1.0 V.Further characterizations indicate that the performance enhancement is attributed to the increased oxygen vacancies induced by the etching process.Our Cu_(2)O nanostructure design provides a new approach for high-efficiency catalysts for formic acid production at low potentials. | Jing Li Chen Meng Jingkun Gu Honglin Wang Ruoyun Dai Haozhi Sha Hongwei Zhu | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
| 14 | Calcium-looping based energy conversion and storage for carbon neutrality-the way forward显示文摘With the global ambition of moving towards carbon neutrality,this sets to increase significantly with most of the energy sources from renewables.As a result,cost-effective and resource efficient energy conversion and storage will have a great role to play in energy decarbonization.This review focuses on the most recent developments of one of the most promising energy conversion and storage technologies-the calcium-looping.It includes the basics and barriers of calcium-looping beyond CO_(2) capture and storage(CCS)and technological solutions to address the associated challenges from material to system.Specifically,this paper discusses the flexibility of calcium-looping in the context of CO_(2) capture,combined with the use of H_(2)-rich fuel gas conversion and thermochemical heat storage.To take advantage of calcium-looping based energy integrated utilization of CCS(EIUCCS)in carbon neutral power generation,multiple-scale process innovations will be required,starting from the material level and extending to the system level. | Zhiwei Ge Binlin Dou Liang Wang Yulong Ding Haisheng Chen Yimin Xuan | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
| 15 | The first compliance cycle of China’s National Emissions Trading Scheme:insights and implications显示文摘China’s national Emissions Trading Scheme(ETS),the largest ETS in terms of the amount of CO_(2) regulated,was launched on the trading platform operated by the Shanghai Environment and Energy Exchange(SEEE)on July 16th 2021,and has successfully completed its first compliance cycle on December 30th,2021.During the operation of its first cycle,China’s national ETS differs from other international ETSs in many aspects,including trading products and participants,allowance allocation method,compliance term,and offset mechanism,leading to certain unique trading patterns.Some unique settings are worth noticing including key emitters dominated by state-owned enterprises(SOEs)who also dominate transactions,large-scale power groups’carbon strategies,allowances for 2 years of 2019 and 2020 being processed in one compliance period and allowed inter-year banking of allowances.All these have led to trading patterns characterized by cyclical demand-driven trading,insufficient trading capabilities of regulated entities,stable allowance price and an increased price of CCER.Nonetheless,the successful running of its first compliance cycle offers invaluable experience for future ETS development in operational mechanism improvement,sector coverage expansion,allocation optimization,and introduction of different types of market players and tradable products,and provides a good reference for future international expansion. | Jin Li Yecheng Yao Xifan Wang | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
| 16 | Analysis on the high‑quality development of nuclear energy under the goal of peaking carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality显示文摘Striving to peak carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality(known as the'Dual-Carbon'goal)is an inevitable requirement for elevating the environmental resource constraints and realizing harmonious coexistence between the mankind and the earth.In the energy system,nuclear energy offers various advantages,such as high energy density,low carbon emission,strong environmental adaptability and large potential for energy co-generation and co-supply.It is one of the supporting energy sources for the transformation and upgradation of the energy system to a clean,efficient and low-carbon way.In this paper,the opportunities and challenges for innovation-driven nuclear energy development in the fields of electricity generation,hydrogen production,heat supply and seawater desalination under the goal of'Dual-Carbon'are discussed and analyzed.Besides,the relevant research on improving the safety and economy of the pressurized water reactor(PWR)and sodium-cooled fast reactor(SFR)conducted by the Nuclear THermal-hydraulic research Lab(NuTHeL)of Xi’an Jiaotong University is briefly introduced. | Ronghua Chen G.H.Su Kui Zhang | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
| 17 | The status and development proposal of carbon sources and sinks monitoring satellite system显示文摘In order to mitigate global warming,the international communities actively explore low-carbon and green development methods.According to the Paris Agreement that came into effect in 2016,there will be a global stocktaking plan to carry out every 5 years from 2023 onwards.In September 2020,China proposed a'double carbon'target of carbon peaking before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060.Achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals requires accurate carbon emissions and carbon absorptions.China’s existing carbon monitoring methods have insufficient detection accuracy,low spatial resolution,and narrow swath,which are difficult to meet the monitoring requirement of carbon sources and sinks monitoring.In order to meet the needs of carbon stocktaking and support the monitoring and supervision of carbon sources and sinks,it is recommended to make full use of the foundation of the existing satellites,improve the detection technical specifications of carbon sources and sinks monitoring measures,and build a multi-means and comprehensive,LEO-GEO orbit carbon monitoring satellite system to achieve higher precision,higher resolution and multi-dimensional carbon monitoring.On this basis,it is recommended to strengthen international cooperation,improve data sharing policy,actively participate in the development of carbon retrieval algorithm and the setting of international carbon monitoring standards,establish an independent and controllable global carbon monitoring and evaluation system,and contribute China’s strength to the global realization of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. | Guang Meng Yuan Wen Miaomiao Zhang Yilei Gu Wei Xiong Zijun Wang Shengda Niu | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
| 18 | Analysis and optimization of energy flow in the full chain of carbon dioxide capture and oil recovery显示文摘CO_(2) capture is a process with a high energy consumption,and its large-scale implementation should be based on comprehensive analysis of its impact on the energy,economy,and environment.The process of injecting CO_(2) into existing oil fields is a well-known enhanced oil recovery(CO_(2)-EOR)technique.Using CO_(2) as a working fluid to recover oil can compensate for the energy consumption of the capture and transport processes,increasing the feasibility of CO_(2) capture while achieving carbon sequestration.In this study,a full-chain CO_(2) capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)system based on the post-combustion capture method is deconstructed and coupled.A full-chain energy consumption calculation software is developed,and optimization analysis of the energy consumption system is conducted.The energy budget of the oil displacement utilization is deconstructed,and the advantages of the water alternating gas(WAG)method are clarified from an energy budget point of view.The analysis reveals that the benefits of CO_(2)-EOR are far greater than the energy consumption of other CCUS processes,and CCUS-EOR is a CO_(2) utilization method with positive energy benefits.Based on the simulation of the effects of N_(2) and CH_(4) on the recovery factor,a multi-well combined injection-production method is proposed,and the reasons for increasing profit are analyzed. | Fu-Zhen Zhang Rui-Na Xu Ying-Fu He Xin Fang Pei-Xue Jiang | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
| 19 | The impact of ESG on financial performance:a revisit with a regression discontinuity approach显示文摘This study revisits the question of“whether firms are doing well by doing good?”.We examine shareholders-sponsored corporate socially responsible(CSR)proposals related to Environmental,Social,and Governance(ESG)that are voted to pass or fail by a small margin.The adoption of those“close call”proposals is regarded as equivalent to a random assignment of CSR policies and,therefore,provides a quasi-experimental setting to capture the causal influence of CSR on firm performance.We apply the regression discontinuity design(RDD)and find that CSR proposals’passage leads to a significant positive abnormal return on the voting day.The results are robust with both parametric and nonparametric approaches of RDD and different polynomial orders.However,we fail to identify a significant change in financial performance in the long-term.One possible reason is that passing a CSR proposal could be symbolic,rather than substantial. | Ziwei Xu Wenxuan Hou Brian G.M.Main Rong Ding | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
| 20 | High‑temperature thermal storage‑based cement manufacturing for decarbonization显示文摘Cost-effective CO_(2) capture is essential for decarbonized cement production since it is one of the largest CO_(2) emission sources,where 60%of direct emissions are from CaCO3 decomposition and 40%are from fuel combustion.This work presents a low-carbon cement manufacturing process by integrating it with renewable energy for electric heating and thermal storage to replace the burning of fossil fuels in the conventional calciner.The low-carbon renewable energy reduces the indirect CO_(2) emissions from electricity consumption.The high-temperature CO_(2) is employed as the heat transfer fluid between the energy storage system and the calciner.In the proposed basic manufacturing process,the CO_(2) from the CaCO3 decomposition can be directly collected without energy-consuming separation since no impurities are introduced.Furthermore,the remaining CO_(2) from fuel combustion in the kiln can be captured through monoethanolamine(MEA)absorption using waste heat.In the two situations,the overall CO_(2) emissions can be reduced by 69.7% and 83.1%,respectively,including the indirect emissions of electricity consumption.The economic performance of different energy storage materials is investigated for materials selection.The proposed manufacturing process with a few high-temperature energy storage materials(BaCO_(3)/BaO,SrCO_(3)/SrO,Si,etc.)offers a higher CO_(2) emission reduction and lower cost than alternative carbon capture routes,i.e.,oxyfuel.The cost of CO_(2) avoided as low as 39.27$/t can be achieved by thermochemical energy storage with BaCO_(3)/BaO at 1300℃,which is superior to all alternative technologies evaluated in recent studies. | Xiaokang Liu Xiaobo Li Ronggui Yang | 2022 | Carbon Neutrality2022，1，1： | 0 |
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