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| 1 | 痴呆的流行病学调查工具及其应用显示文摘 | 张明园 Yu.,E | 1995 | 上海精神医学1995，7，A01： | 161 |
| 2 | 挪威海底隧道经验显示文摘海底隧道深埋于海水以下,因而在勘探、设计、施工和运行方面都比陆地隧道更困难。挪威在近30a来修建了40条海底隧道,积累了丰富的经验,形成了被称为“挪威海底隧道概念”的一整套技术。规划设计阶段要采用各种可能方法进行尽可能详细的地质勘探,尤其是海洋折射地震波探测,以提供基岩表面深度、基岩地质剖面等重要资料。影响隧道的稳定主要为断层和软弱带,因此,在地质勘探中确认断层和软弱带是极为重要的。施工时需采用精心设计的方法,包括减少每轮爆破的进尺及采用喷射混凝土拱肋、密集长锚桩等。典型的挪威海底隧道衬砌由作为支护的喷锚结构和自立的防水防冻的内衬砌组成。挪威海底隧道的衬砌都按排水结构设计,而不承受外水压力。渗水是海底隧道的最大威胁,施工期应随时了解掌子面前的地质和水文地质条件,超前探测孔和预灌浆是控制渗流的最佳方法,同时必须时刻准备处理可能发生的紧急情况。最小岩石覆盖厚度影响隧道安全和造价,必须慎重考虑,根据岩石条件、稳定要求、渗水量充分论证,大部分挪威海底隧道的最小岩石覆盖厚度都小于50m。海水的腐蚀性给海底隧道带来一系列的特殊问题,须认真对待。 | 吕明 Grφv E Nilsen B Melby K | 2005 | 岩石力学与工程学报2005，24，23： | 106 |
| 3 | Microproteinuria in patients with inflammatory bowel disease:Is it associated with the disease activity or the treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid?显示文摘瞄准:调查在有煽动性的肠疾病(IBD ) 的病人的 microproteinuria 是否与 5-aminosalicylic 酸(5-ASA ) 与疾病活动或治疗被联系。方法:我们有希望地与 IBD 在 86 个连续病人学习了 microproteinuria, 61 与 ulcerative (UC ) 并且 25 与 Crohn 的疾病(CD ) ,以前象在他们在学习的包括以后的 2 和 6 个月一样。46 个病人为 28.8 个月(范围 1-168 瞬间) 的一个时期收到了 5-ASA。Microalbuminuria (妈磅) 和尿肾的管状的蛋白质 beta2-microglobulin (beta2mGLB ) 和 beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosamidase 铺平(贝它 -- 唠叨) 一夜间在 12-h 象 creatinine 一样被决定尿收集。肿瘤坏死 factor-alpha (TNF-alpha ) 浆液层次也被测量。结果:277 大小的一个总数(194 在 UC 病人并且 83 在 CD 病人) 被执行。在 UC 和 CD 病人的反常 microproteinuria 的流行为妈磅是 12.9% 和 6.0% , 22.7% 和 27.7% 为 beta2mGLB,并且 11.3% 和 8.4% 为贝它 -- 分别地唠叨。妈磅没与 IBD 活动被联系。Beta2mGLB 和贝它 -- 唠叨尿层次被相关到 UC 活动(UCAI:P<0.01;UCEI:P<0.005 ) 。在 UC 病人和贝它的妈磅 -- 在 CD 病人唠叨尿层次与 TNF-alpha 浆液层次有关。一个协会在 microproteinuria 和吸烟习惯之间被注意。有 5-ASA 的治疗没被相关到 microproteinuria 的严厉或到 creatinine 的变化。结论:Microproteinuria 主要与 UC 和它的活动被联系然而并非由 5-ASA 影响了。 | Androniki C Poulou Konstantinos E Goumas Dimitrios C Dandakis Ioannis Tyrmpas Maria Panagiotaki Androniki Georgouli Dimitrios C Soutos Athanasios Archimandritis | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，5： | 126 |
| 4 | 血管疾病中叶酸和B族维生素的使用不能降低高半胱氨酸浓度显示文摘 | Lonn E Yusuf S Arnold MJ 菅鑫妍 | 2006 | 中国处方药2006，5，6： | 137 |
| 5 | Progress in carbon dioxide separation and capture: A review显示文摘这篇文章考察在 CO2 分离和俘获研究和工程取得的进步。各种各样的技术例如吸收,吸附,和膜分离,彻底地被讨论。象化学循环的燃烧和基于水合物的分离那样的新概念也简短被介绍。未来方向被建议。隐遁方法海洋授精和矿物质碳酸饱和技术例如造林,也被盖住。地下的注射和直接海洋垃圾场没被盖住。 | Hongqun Yang Zhenghe Xu Maohong Fan Rajender Gupta Rachid B Slimane Alan E Bland Ian Wright | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2008，20，1： | 89 |
| 6 | A complete sequence and comparative analysis of a SARS-associated virus(Isolate BJ01)显示文摘The genome sequence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-associated virus provides essential information for the identification of pathogen(s), exploration of etiology and evolution, interpretation of transmission and pathogenesis, development of diagnostics, prevention by future vaccination, and treatment by developing new drugs. We report the complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of an isolate (BJ01) of the coronavirus that has been recognized as a pathogen for SARS. The genome is 29725 nt in size and has 11 ORFs (Open Reading Frames). It is composed of a stable region encoding an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (composed of 2 ORFs) and a variable region representing 4 CDSs (coding sequences) for viral structural genes (the S, E, M, N proteins) and 5 PUPs (putative uncharacterized proteins). Its gene order is identical to that of other known coronaviruses. The sequence alignment with all known RNA viruses places this virus as a member in the family of Coronaviridae. Thirty putative substitutions have been identified by comparative analysis of the 5 SARS- associated virus genome sequences in GenBank. Fifteen of them lead to possible amino acid changes (non-synonymous mutations) in the proteins. Three amino acid changes, with predicted alteration of physical and chemical features, have been detected in the S protein that is postulated to beinvolved in the immunoreactions between the virus and its host. Two amino acid changes have been detected in the Mprotein, which could be related to viral envelope formation. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the possibility of non-human origin of the SARS-associated viruses but provides noevidence that they are man-made. Further efforts should focus on identifying the etiology of the SARS-associated virus and ruling out conclusively the existence of otherpossible SARS-related pathogen(s). | QIN E'de ZHU Qingyu YU Man FAN Baochang CHANG Guohui SI Bingyin YANG Bao PENG Wenming JIANG Tao LIU Bohua DENG Yongqiang LIU Hong ZHANG Yu WANG Cui LI Yuquan GAN Yonghua LI Xiaoyu L Fushuang TAN Gang CAO Wuchun, YANG Ruifu Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China WANG Jian, LI Wei, XU Zuyuan, LI Yan, WU Qingfa, LIN Wei, CHEN Weijun, TANG Lin, DENG Yajun, HAN Yujun, LI Changfeng, LEI Meng, LI Guoqing, LI Wenjie, L Hong, SHI Jianping, TONG Zongzhong, ZHANG Feng, LI Songgang, LIU Bin, LIU Siqi, DONG Wei, WANG Jun, Gane K-S Wong, YU Jun & YANG Huanming* Beijing Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101300 National Center for Genome Information, Beijing 101300, China | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，10： | 121 |
| 7 | 淹水土壤有机酸积累与秸秆碳氮比及氮供应的关系显示文摘有机酸积累和毒害是稻田秸秆还田中受到广泛关注的问题。本文以水稻与小麦秸秆为材料,采用淹水培养研究了甲酸、乙酸、丙酸及丁酸在土壤中的积累及其与秸秆碳氮比、氮肥添加量的关系。结果表明,在不施用氮肥的情况下,随秸秆用量的增加,秸秆处理的有机酸积累均显著增多。与稻秸处理相比,麦秸处理的有机酸(尤其是丙酸)积累量显著较高,土壤溶液中NH4+浓度显著较低。加入尿素明显减少有机酸积累,促进CH4排放,但对CO2的排放无显著影响;氮素的影响在麦秸处理中表现的尤为明显。上述结果说明麦秸的高碳氮比增加了无机氮的生物固定,抑制有机酸向CH4转化,从而导致麦秸处理有机酸积累量高于稻秸处理。施用氮肥是减少麦秸还田后有机酸积累的有效措施之一,但此措施将可能促进CH4的排放。 | 单玉华 蔡祖聪 韩勇 Sarah E Johnson Roland J Buresh | 2006 | 土壤学报2006，43，6： | 68 |
| 8 | QUADAS评价:一种用于诊断性研究的质量评价工具(修订版)显示文摘背景 QUADAS是一种新近发展起来的诊断性研究的质量评价工具。虽然已有系统评价采用了QUADAS,但尚未得以正式确证。本研究的目的是评价QUADAS的有效性和实用性。方法3位评价者采用QUADAS独立评价30项研究的质量。比较每位评价者的评分与最终结论之间的意见一致度。这主要是通过比较所有QUADAS条目的总分和每个单项的得分来实现的。20位曾在其系统评价中使用过QUADAS的评价者就其使用经验完成一份简短的问卷。结果就所有条目而言,每位评价者的评分与最终结论之间的意见一致度分别达到了91%、90%和85%。就单项QUADAS条目而言,一致度在50%至100%之间,中位值是90%。与难以解释的试验结果和退出病例相关的条目,评分结果差异最大。有关QUADAS内容的反馈意见普遍较好,仅少数评价者提出了有关QUADAS涵盖面、使用便利性、评分说明的清晰度及有效性方面的问题。结论QUADAS内容本身无需作大的修改。评价过程的主要困难出现在难以解释的试验结果和退出病例这2个条目的评分上。对这些条目的评分指南提出了修改意见。评价者必需根据其系统评价制定相应的评分指南,并确保所有评价者都清楚如何评分。评价者还应考虑是否所有的QUADAS条目都与其系统评价相关,以及其他质量条目是否应作为其系统评价的评价部分。 | Penny F Whiting Marie E Weswood Anne WS Rutjes Johannes B Reitsma Patrick NM Bossuyt Jos Kleijnen 马章淳 钱楠 | 2007 | 中国循证医学杂志2007，7，7： | 64 |
| 9 | Non-Smad pathways in TGF-β signaling显示文摘转变生长因素 -- 尾除了 Smads 利用大量的细胞内部的发信号小径调整细胞的功能的一个宽数组。这些不在经典中, non-Smad 小径被占据 ligand 的受体直接激活到增强,稀释,或不那样调制下游地细胞的回答。这些 non-Smad 小径包括地图 kinase 小径,象 Rho 一样 GTPase 发信号小径,和 phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT 小径的各种各样的分支。这评论在 non-Smad 小径的分子、生物化学的机制的理解集中于最近的进展。另外,这些 non-Smad 小径的功能也被讨论。 | Ying E Zhang | 2009 | Cell Research2009，19，1： | 67 |
| 10 | Ischemic colitis:Clinical practice in diagnosis and treatment显示文摘Ischemic colitis is the most common form of ischemic injury of the gastrointestinal tract and can present either as an occlusive or a non-occlusive form. It accounts for 1 in 1000 hospitalizations but its incidence is underesti- mated because it often has a mild and transient nature. The etiology of ischemic colitis is multifactorial and the clinical presentation variable. The diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical suspicion, radiographic, endo- scopic and histological findings. Therapy and outcome depends on the severity of the disease. Most cases of the non-gangrenous form are transient and resolve spontaneously without complications. On the other hand, high morbidity and mortality and urgent operative intervention are the hallmarks of gangrenous ischemic colitis. | Angeliki Theodoropoulou Ioannis E Koutroubakis | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，48： | 75 |
| 11 | 头颈癌化疗的Meta分析——93组17346例患者随机实验最新资料显示文摘Meta-analysis of chemotherapy in head and neck cancer (MACH-NC): An update on 93 randomised trials and 17,346 patients. Pignon JP, Maitre AL, Maillard E, et al. Radiother Oncol, 2009 May 14. | Pignon JP Matre AL Maillard E | 2009 | 中国口腔颌面外科杂志2009，7，4： | 79 |
| 12 | Pathophysiological consequences of obstructive jaundice and perioperative management显示文摘Background: Obstructive jaundice is a common problem in daily clinical practice. Understanding completely the pathophysiological changes in obstructive jaundice remains a challenge for planning current and future management.Data sources: A Pub Med was searched for relevant articles published up to August 2016. The effect of obstructive jaundice on proinflammatory cytokines, coagulation status, hemodynamics and organ functions were evaluated.Results: The effects of obstructive jaundice included biliary tree, the hepatic cell and liver function as well as systemic complications. The lack of bile in the gut, the disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier,the increased absorption of endotoxin and the subsequent endotoxemia cause proinflammatory cytokine production(TNF-α, IL-6). Bilirubin induces systemic inflammatory response syndrome which may lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The principal clinical manifestations include hemodynamic instability and acute renal failure, cardiovascular suppression, immune compromise, coagulation disorders,nutritional impairment, and wound healing defect. The proper management includes full replacement of water and electrolyte deficiency, prophylactic antibiotics, lactulose, vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma,albumin and dopamine. The preoperative biliary drainage has not been indicated in overall, but only in a few selected cases.Conclusion: The perioperative management is an essential measure in improving the outcome after the appropriate surgical operation in jaundiced patients especially those with malignancy. | Efstathios T Pavlidis Theodoros E Pavlidis | 2018 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2018，17，1： | 63 |
| 13 | Pathophysiological 角色和在糖尿病的 nephropathy 的发炎的治疗学的含意显示文摘 Diabetes mellitus and its complications are becoming one of the most important health problems in the world. Diabetic nephropathy is now the main cause of end-stage renal disease. The mechanisms leading tothe development and progression of renal injury are not well known. Therefore, it is very important to f ind new pathogenic pathways to provide opportunities for early diagnosis and targets for novel treatments. At the present time, we know that activation of innate immunity with development of a chronic low grade inflammatory response is a recognized factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Numerous experimental and clinical studies have shown the participation of different inflammatory molecules and pathways in the pathophysiology of this complication. | Desirée Luis-Rodríguez Alberto Martínez-Castelao José Luis Górriz Fernando de lvaro Juan F Navarro-González | 2012 | World Journal of Diabetes2012，3，1： | 55 |
| 14 | Report of an international workshop to standardize baseline evaluation and response criteria for primary CNS lymphoma.显示文摘 | Abrey LE Batchelor TT Ferreri A J Gospodarowicz M Pulczynski EJ Zucca E Smith JR Korfel A Soussain C DeAngelis LM Neuwelt EA O′Neill BP Thiel E Shenkier T Graus F van den Bent M Seymour JF Poortmans P Armitage JO Cavalli F | 2005 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2005，3，3： | 53 |
| 15 | Reconstruction of chemically burned rat corneal surface by bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells显示文摘 | Ma Y Xu Y Xiao Z Yang W Zhang C Song E Du Y Li L | 2006 | 中国生物学文摘2006，20，5： | 58 |
| 16 | 选择催化还原(SCR)脱硝技术在中国燃煤锅炉上的应用(上)显示文摘针对燃煤电厂采用高尘选择催化还原(SCR)脱硝装置时可能遇到的问题进行分析,并对设计SCR反应器和选择适合的催化剂方面提出了建议。在选择催化剂时,针对中国煤要考虑催化剂活性位潜在积灰,以及飞灰中高CaO含量所引起的催化剂的失活。以台山电厂600 MW机组和阳城电厂600 MW机组及美国肯塔基州Elmer Smith电站150 MW机组的SCR脱硝工程为例进行了说明。 | Hans Jensen-Holm Nan-Yu Topsφe 崔建华 | 2007 | 热力发电2007，36，8： | 53 |
| 17 | GRADE:证据质量和推荐强度分级的共识显示文摘GRADE工作组致中国读者:推荐分级的评估、制定与评价(GRADE)工作组已取得长足进步。我们制定了系列指南文件,除发表文章外,该非正式组织已经发展成为一个评价证据、转化卫生保健领域知识用以指导决策者的智囊团。80余位国际专家研究和制定了该评价系统。正如其他科学一样,证据评价和指南制定科学不会停滞不前。经过十年发展,GRADE的工作将借助中国Cochrane中心的推广在中国的卫生保健领域更加广为人知。GRADE工作组的成员期待与中国的指南制定组织、方法学家、临床医生和决策者合作,实现我们的共同目标:人人享有更好的卫生保健。中国Cochrane中心翻译GRADE工作组在BMJ上发表的系列文章,是朝这个方向迈出的重要一步,也是对下一步在中国推广GRADE工作的直接贡献。感兴趣的读者可登录我们的网站www.gradeworkinggroup.org和在以下网址获取我们的软件GRADEprohttp://www.cc-ims. | Gordon H Guyatt Andrew D Oxman Gunn E Vist Regina Kunz Yngve Falck-Ytter Pablo Alonso-Coello Holger J Schünemann GRADE工作组 陈佩贤 陈耀龙 李幼平 | 2009 | 中国循证医学杂志2009，9，1： | 60 |
| 18 | China's regional transport dominance: Density, proximity, and accessibility显示文摘Transport infrastructure plays an important role in shaping the configuration of spatial socio-economic structures and influences regional accessibility.This paper defines transport dominance from three aspects:quality,quantity,and advantage,measured by density,proximity,and accessibility indices.County is the basic unit for analysis.The results reveal:(1)Transport dominance statistically follows a partial normal distribution.A very few counties,1.4%of the total,have extremely high transport dominance which strongly supports the socio-economic development in these areas.In contrast,one eighth of all counties have poor transport dominance which impedes local socio-economic development to some extent. The remaining areas,about 70%of the counties,have median transport dominance.(2) Transport dominance is spatially unevenly distributed,with values decreasing gradually from the coastal area to the inland area.Areas in the first-highest level of transport dominance are mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta,the Greater Beijing area,and the Pearl River Delta.Areas in the second-highest level are focused in Chengdu,Chongqing,and Wuhan metropolitan areas.Provincial capitals and a few other counties belong to the third-highest level. | JIN Fengjun WANG Chengjin LI Xiuwei WANG Jiao'e | 2010 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2010，20，2： | 58 |
| 19 | 青藏高原羌塘中部蓝片岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义显示文摘青藏高原羌塘中部的冈玛日 -桃形错地区蓝片岩被认为是板块构造边界的产物 ,通过对其主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素的地球化学特征的综合研究 ,其原岩属于洋岛型碱性玄武岩。再结合该地区的地质研究 ,表明在该地区存在一个古特提斯洋 。 | 邓希光 丁林 刘小汉 An Yin Paul A KAPP Michael A MURPHY Craig E MANNING | 2002 | 岩石学报2002，18，4： | 58 |
| 20 | Sedum alfredii H:A new Zn hyperaccumulating plant first found in China显示文摘Field survey and greenhouse experiments were carried out to identify and characterize zinc (Zn) uptake and accumulation by a new Zn hyperaccumulating plant species (Sedum alfredii Hance) native to China. Zinc concentration in the shoots of Sedum alfredii Hance grown on an ancient mined area ranged from 4134 to 5000 mg/kg, with a mean of 4515 mg/kg. It suggests that Sedum alfredii could not only grow on heavily Pb/Zn contaminated soils, but also could accumulate extraordinarily high concentration of Zn. Under nutrient solution culture conditions, Sedum alfredii Hance grew healthy at Zn supplying levels from 0.006 to 240 mg · L-1. Zinc concentration in the shoots increased with external Zn levels increasing. The Zn concentration and accumulation in the shoots reached the highest at Zn supply level of SO mg/L, with 19.67 g/kg and 19.83 nig/plant, respectively. All the results showed that Sedum alfredii Hance is a new Zn hyperaccumulating plant. This provides a new plant material to explore mechanism of | YANG Xiao’e LONG Xinxian NI Wuzhong FU Chenxin | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，19： | 50 |
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