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| 1 | Vector-borne disease and climate change adaptation in African dryland socialecological systems显示文摘Background:Drylands,which are among the biosphere's most naturally limiting and environmentally variable ecosystems,constitute three-quarters of the African continent.As a result,environmental sustainability and human development along with vector-borne disease(VBD)control historically have been especially challenging in Africa,particularly in the sub-Saharan and Sahelian drylands.Here,the VBD burden,food insecurity,environmental degradation,and social vulnerability are particularly severe.Changing climate can exacerbate the legion of environmental health threats in Africa,the social dimensions of which are now part of the international development agenda.Accordingly,the need to better understand the dynamics and complex coupling of populations and environments as exemplified by drylands is increasingly recognized as critical to the design of more sustainable interventions.Main body:This scoping review examines the challenge of vector-borne disease control in drylands with a focus on Africa,and the dramatic,ongoing environmental and social changes taking place.Dryland societies persisted and even flourished in the past despite changing climates,extreme and unpredictable weather,and marginal conditions for agriculture.Yet intrusive forces largely out of the control of traditional dryland societies,along with the negative impacts of globalization,have contributed to the erosion of dryland's cultural and natural resources.This has led to the loss of resilience underlying the adaptive capacity formerly widely exhibited among dryland societies.A growing body of evidence from studies of environmental and natural resource management demonstrates how,in light of dryland system's inherent complexity,these factors and top-down interventions can impede sustainable development and vector-borne disease control.Strengthening adaptive capacity through community-based,participatory methods that build on local knowledge and are tailored to local ecological conditions,hold the best promise of reversing current trends.Conclusions:A significant opportunity exists to simultaneously address the increasing threat of vector-borne diseases and climate change through methods aimed at strengthening adaptive capacity.The integrative framework and methods based on social-ecological systems and resilience theory offers a novel set of tools that allow multiple threats and sources of vulnerability to be addressed in combination.Integration of recent advances in vector borne disease ecology and wider deployment of these tools could help reverse the negative social and environmental trends currently seen in African drylands. | Bruce A.Wilcox Pierre Echaubard Michel de Garine-Wichatitsky Bernadette Ramirez | 2019 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2019，8，3： | 2 |
| 2 | Thinking beyond Opisthorchis viverrini for risk of cholangiocarcinoma in the lower Mekong region:a systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘Background:Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a fatal bile duct cancer associated with infection by the liver fluke,Opisthorchis viverrini,in the lower Mekong region.Numerous public health interventions have focused on reducing exposure to O.viverrini,but incidence of CCA in the region remains high.While this may indicate the inefficacy of public health interventions due to complex social and cultural factors,it may further indicate other risk factors or interactions with the parasite are important in pathogenesis of CCA.This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of described risk factors for CCA in addition to O.viverrini to guide future integrative interventions.Main body:We searched five international and seven Thai research databases to identify studies relevant to risk factors for CCA in the lower Mekong region.Selected studies were assessed for risk of bias and quality in terms of study design,population,CCA diagnostic methods,and statistical methods.The final 18 included studies reported numerous risk factors which were grouped into behaviors,socioeconomics,diet,genetics,gender,immune response,other infections,and treatment for O.viverrini.Seventeen risk factors were reported by two or more studies and were assessed with random effects models during meta-analysis.This meta-analysis indicates that the combination of alcohol and smoking(OR=11.1,95%CI:5.63-21.92,P<0.0001)is most significantly associated with increased risk for CCA and is an even greater risk factor than O.viverrini exposure.This analysis also suggests that family history of cancer,consumption of raw cyprinoid fish,consumption of high nitrate foods,and praziquantel treatment are associated with significantly increased risk.These risk factors may have complex relationships with the host,parasite,or pathogenesis of CCA,and many of these risk factors were found to interact with each other in one or more studies.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that a complex variety of risk factors in addition to O.viverrini infection should be addressed in future public health interventions to reduce CCA in affected regions.In particular,smoking and alcohol use,dietary patterns,and socioeconomic factors should be considered when developing intervention programs to reduce CCA. | Jennifer A.Steele Carsten H.Richter Pierre Echaubard Parichat Saenna Virginia Stout Paiboon Sithithaworn Bruce A.Wilcox | 2018 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2018，7，1： | 2 |
| 3 | The B7 Homologues and their Receptors in Hematologic Malignancies显示文摘 | Ryan A.Wilcox Stephen M.Ansell Megan S.Lim WeipingZou LiepingChen | 2012 | European Journal of Haematology2012，，： | 1 |
| 4 | 商业房地产开发是重要一环显示文摘上海已经具备成为国际贸易中心的基础,基中,商业房地产是一个必要条件。要抓住2010年举办世博会的契机,广泛吸纳“智囊”意见,多样化利用展馆场地,推进“国际贸易战略”。 | David A.Wilcox H. Thomas Moriarity | 2009 | 国际商业技术2009，，2： | 0 |
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