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| 1 | Controversies in fluid therapy: Type, dose and toxicity显示文摘Fluid therapy is perhaps the most common intervention received by acutely ill hospitalized patients; however, a number of critical questions on the efficacy and safety of the type and dose remain. In this review, recent insights derived from randomized trials in terms of fluid type, dose and toxicity are discussed. We contend that the prescription of fluid therapy is context-specific and that any fluid can be harmful if administered inappropriately. When contrasting ‘‘crystalloid vs colloid'', differences in efficacy are modest but differences in safety are significant. Differences in chloride load and strong ion difference across solutions appear to be clinically important. Phases of fluid therapy in acutely ill patients are recognized, including acute resuscitation, maintaining homeostasis, and recovery phases. Quantitative toxicity(fluid overload) is associated with adverse outcomes and can be mitigated when fluid therapy basedon functional hemodynamic parameters that predict volume responsiveness and minimization of non-essential fluid. Qualitative toxicity(fluid type), in particular for iatrogenic acute kidney injury and metabolic acidosis, remain a concern for synthetic colloids and isotonic saline, respectively. Physiologically balanced crystalloids may be the ‘‘default'' fluid for acutely ill patients and the role for colloids, in particular hydroxyethyl starch, is increasingly unclear. We contend the prescription of fluid therapy is analogous to the prescription of any drug used in critically ill patients. | Robert C McDermid Karthik Raghunathan Adam Romanovsky Andrew D Shaw Sean M Bagshaw | 2014 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2014，3，1： | 5 |
| 2 | PrediBtors of atrrial fibrillation after Boronary surgery显示文摘 | Aranki SF Shaw DP Adams DH | 1996 | BirBulation1996，94，： | 1 |
| 3 | 显示文摘 | Adams DH Shaw S | 1994 | Lancet1994，343，： | 1 |
| 4 | Predictors of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery surgery显示文摘 | Aranki SF Shaw DP Adams DH | 1996 | Circulation1996，94，： | 1 |
| 5 | Predictors of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery surgery: current trends and impact on hospital resources显示文摘 | Aranki SF Shaw DP Adams DH | 1996 | Circulation1996，94，： | 1 |
| 6 | Use of the iPhone for Cobb angle measurement in scoliosis显示文摘 | Shaw M Adam C J Izatt M T | 2012 | Eur Spine J2012，21，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Characterizing Alzheimer’s disease using a hypometabolic convergence index显示文摘 | Kewei Chen Napatkamon Ayutyanont Jessica B.S. Langbaum Adam S. Fleisher Cole Reschke Wendy Lee Xiaofen Liu Dan Bandy Gene E. Alexander Paul M. Thompson Leslie Shaw John Q. Trojanowski Clifford R. Jack Susan M. Landau Norman L. Foster Danielle J. Harvey Mi | 2011 | Neuroimage2011，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Predictors of atriaL fibriLLation after coronary artery surgery:current trends and impact on hospitaL resources显示文摘 | Aranki SF Shaw DP Adams DH | 1996 | CircuLation1996，94，： | 1 |
| 9 | Proteoglycans on endothelial cells present adhesion-inducing cytokines to leukocytes 显示文摘 | Tanaka Y Adams DH Shaw S | 1993 | Immunol Today1993，14，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Leucocyte-endothelial interactions and regulation of leucocyte 显示文摘 | Adams D H Shaw S | 1994 | Lancet1994，343，： | 1 |
| 11 | Predictors of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery surgery : Current trends and impact on hospital resources 显示文摘 | Aranki SF Shaw DP Adams DH | 1996 | Circulation1996，94，： | 1 |
| 12 | Reahime acousto-optical QA methods for high intensity fields 显示文摘 | IAN BUTFERWORTH ADAM SHAW | 2010 | Ultrasonic Industry Association Symposium (UIA)2010，，39： | 1 |
| 13 | Leukocyte-endothelial interactions and regulation of leukocyte migration 显示文摘 | Adams DH Shaw S | 1994 | Lancet1994，343，8901： | 1 |
| 14 | Soluble ST2 in Ambulatory Patients With Heart Failure: Association With Functional Capacity and Long-Term Outcomes显示文摘 | G. Michael Felker Mona Fiuzat Vivian Thompson Linda K. Shaw Megan L. Neely Kirkwood F. Adams David J. Whellan Mark P. Donahue Tariq Ahmad Dalane W. Kitzman Ileana L. Pi?a Faiez Zannad William E. Kraus Christopher M. O’Connor | 2013 | Circulation: Heart Failure2013，，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Leucocyte endothelial interactions and regulation of leucocyte migration显示文摘 | ADAMS DH SHAW S | 1994 | Lancet1994，343，8901： | 1 |
| 16 | Leukocyte-endothelial interactions and reg- ulation of leukocyte migration 显示文摘 | Adams D H Shaws S | 1994 | Lancet1994，343，： | 1 |
| 17 | A clinical review of the investigation and management of carcinoma of unknown primary in a single cancer network显示文摘 | Shaw PHS Adams R Jordan C | 2007 | Clin Oncol2007，19，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Predictors of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery surgery显示文摘 | Aranki SF Shaw DP Adams DH | 1996 | Circulation1996，94，3： | 1 |
| 19 | surgery:current trends and impact on hospital resources显示文摘 | A ranki SF Shaw DP Adam sDH OP redictors of a trial fibrillation after coronary artery | 1996 | C irculation1996，94，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Predictors of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery surgery:current trends and impact on hospital resources显示文摘 | Aranki SF Shaw DP Adams DH | 1996 | Circulation1996，94，3： | 1 |
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