| 3 | Multiquadric Radial Basis Function Approximation Scheme for Solution of Total Variation Based Multiplicative Noise Removal Model显示文摘This article introduces a fastmeshless algorithm for the numerical solution nonlinear partial differential equations(PDE)by Radial Basis Functions(RBFs)approximation connected with the Total Variation(TV)-basedminimization functional and to show its application to image denoising containing multiplicative noise.These capabilities used within the proposed algorithm have not only the quality of image denoising,edge preservation but also the property of minimization of staircase effect which results in blocky effects in the images.It is worth mentioning that the recommended method can be easily employed for nonlinear problems due to the lack of dependence on a mesh or integration procedure.The numerical investigations and corresponding examples prove the effectiveness of the recommended algorithm regarding the robustness and visual improvement as well as peak-signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR),signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),and structural similarity index(SSIM)corresponded to the current conventional TV-based schemes. | Mushtaq Ahmad Khan Ahmed BAltamimi Zawar Hussain Khan Khurram Shehzad Khattak Sahib Khan Asmat Ullah Murtaza Ali | 2021 | Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences2021，，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Index model equation analysis:A case study of the risk and source of inorganic contaminants in roadside uncontaminated soil of the Egi oil producing area,Niger Delta显示文摘This study examined the sources,health risk and pollution status of selected inorganic contaminants such as iron(Fe),nickel(Ni),cadmium(Cd),cobalt(Co),arsenic(As),manganese(Mn),lead(Pb),copper(Cu),zinc(Zn),and chromium(Cr)in representative roadside uncontaminated soil(n?72)from the Egi crude oil mining areas(Oboburu,Obagi,and Ogbogu),Niger Delta,Nigeria,using a combination of multiple models(Principle component analysis(PCA),correlation analysis,geo-accumulation index(Igeo),contamination factor(CF),enrichment factor(EF),pollution load index(PLI),cancer risk(CR),hazard quotient(HQ),and metal daily intake(MDIm)).A random sampling method was applied in the sampling and analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy.The result revealed that the mean(mg/kg)for Oboburu,was the highest for Fe(89.95±28.83)and Mn(26.12±7.642),whereas Obagi,had less Fe(28.90±7.601)and Mn(16.80±5.021),and Ogbogu,Fe(44.67±28.15)and Pb(19.38±8.731)was the second highest heavy metal.The order of contaminationwas F>Mn>Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd>Co.The Igeo and CF had cadmium as a metal of concern.The contamination level was low from the PLI estimation.The EF revealed anthropogenic sources for all the metals except for Ni,which was biogenic.The correlations at p<0.05 and p<0.01 showed much positive significance amongst the metals.Variations of the cumulative percentages,loading percentages,and eigenvalues from the regression plot gave a coefficients of determination(r^(2))of 0.9936,0.9995,and 0.9994,respectively.The PCA indicated that Cd and Ni were of anthropogenic origin;Mn,Fe,and Co were biogenic or natural,and Zn and Pb were of mixed origins.The CR assessment indicated a possible cancer risk due to Cr,Cd,and Ni,and the rest of elements have no carcinogenic risk.These findings suggest there should be regular monitoring,source control,and integrated environmental management of the study area. | Elechi Owhoeke Asmat Ali Okorondu Justin Nnaemeka Kingsley John Orie Julius Nkeonyeasua Ehiwario Abdur Rashid | 2023 | International Journal of Sediment Research2023，38，6： | 0 |
| 6 | An Energy-Efficient 12b 2.56 MS/s SAR ADC Using Successive Scaling of Reference Voltages显示文摘This paper presents an energy efficient architecture for successive approximation register(SAR)analog to digital converter(ADC).SAR ADCs with a capacitor array structure have been widely used because of its simple architecture and relatively high speed.However,conventional SAR ADCs consume relatively high energy due to the large number of capacitors used in the capacitor array and their sizes scaled up along with the number of bits.The proposed architecture reduces the energy consumption as well as the capacitor size by employing a new array architecture that scales down the reference voltages instead of scaling up the capacitor sizes.The proposed 12-bit SAR ADC is implemented in Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor(CMOS)0.13 um library using Cadence Virtuoso design tool.Simulation results and mathematical model demonstrate the overall energy savings of up to 97.3%compared with conventional SAR ADC,67%compared with the SAR ADC with split capacitor,and 35%compared with the resistor and capacitor(R&C)Hybrid SAR ADC.The ADC achieves an effective number of bits(ENOB)of 11.27 bits and consumes 61.7 uW at sampling rate of 2.56 MS/s,offering an energy consumption of 9.8 fJ per conversion step.The proposed SAR ADC offers 95.5%reduction in chip core area compared to conventional architecture,while occupying an active area of 0.088 mm2. | Hojin Kang Syed Asmat Ali Shah HyungWon Kim | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，7： | 0 |
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