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| 1 | Isolation, screening and identifi cation of Bacillus spp. as direct-fed microbial candidates for aflatoxin B_1 biodegradation显示文摘Objective: To evaluate the ability of Bacillus spp. as direct-fed microbials(DFM) to biodegrade al atoxin B1(AFB1) by using an in vitro digestive model simulating in vivo conditions.Methods: Sixty-nine Bacillus isolates were obtained from intestines, and soil samples were screened by using a selective media method against 0.25 and 1.00 μg/m L of AFB1 in modii ed Czapek-Dox medium. Plates were incubated at 37 °C and observed every two days for two weeks. Physiological properties of the three Bacillus spp. candidates were characterized biochemically and by 16 S r RNA sequence analyzes for identii cation. Tolerance to acidic p H, osmotic concentrations of Na Cl, bile salts were tested, and antimicrobial sensitivity proi les were also determined. Bacillus candidates were individually sporulated by using a solid fermentation method and combined. Spores were incorporated into 1 of 3 experimental feed groups: 1) Negative control group, with unmedicated starter broiler feed without AFB1; 2) Positive control group, with negative control feed contaminated with 0.01% AFB1; 3) DFM treated group, with positive control feed supplemented with 109 spores/g. After digestion time(3:15 h), supernatants and digesta were collected for high-performance liquid chromatography l uorescence detection analysis by triplicate.Results: Three out of those sixty-nine DFM candidates showed ability to biodegrade AFB1 in vitro based on growth as well as reduction of l uorescence and area of clearance around each colony in modii ed Czapek-Dox medium which was clearly visible under day light after 48 h of evaluation. Analysis of 16S-DNA identii ed the strains as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis. The three Bacillus strains were tolerant to acidic conditions(p H 2.0), tolerant to a high osmotic pressure(Na Cl at 6.5%), and were able to tolerate 0.037% bile salts after 24 h of incubation. No signii cant dif erences(P > 0.05) were observed in the concentrations of AFB1 in neither the supernatants nor digesta samples evaluated by highperformance liquid chromatography with l uorescence detection between positive control or DFM treated groups. Conclusions: In vitro digestion time was not enough to confirm biodegradation of AFB1. Further studies to evaluate the possible biodegradation ef ects of the BacillusDFM when continuously administered in experimentally contaminated feed with AFB1, are in progress. | Rosario Galarza-Seeber Juan David Latorre Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco Amanda Drake Wolfenden Lisa Renee Bielke Anita Menconi Billy Marshall Hargis Guillermo Tellez | 2015 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2015，5，9： | 3 |
| 2 | Use of wide-hostrange bacteriophages to reduce Salmonella on poultry products显示文摘 | Bielke L R Higgins S E Donoghue A M | 2007 | International Journal of Poultry Science2007，6，10： | 1 |
| 3 | Salmonella hostrange of bacteriophages that infect multiple genera 显示文摘 | BIELKE L HIGGINS S DONOGHUE A | 2007 | Poultry Science2007，86，： | 1 |
| 4 | Cutting edge: Protectiveeffects of Notch-1 on TCR-induced apoptosis 显示文摘 | Jehn B M Bielke W Pear W S ei al | 1999 | J Immunol1999，162，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Probiotic alternatives to reduce gastrointestinal infections:the poultry experience显示文摘 | NAVA G M BIELKE L R CALLAWAY T R | 2005 | Animal Health Research Review2005，6，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Transthoracic 2D echocardiographic guidance for percutaneous removal of a nonopaque intracardiac catheter fragment显示文摘 | Dr. Ian A. Sproat Dennis Bielke Andrew B. Crummy Peter Rahko | 1993 | Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology1993，，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Characterization of a novel marine testis-specific serine/threonine kinase 显示文摘 | Bielke W Blaschke R J Miescher G C | 1994 | Gene1994，139，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Selection and application of bacteriophages for treating Salmonella enteritidis infections in poultry显示文摘 | Higgins S E Higgins J P Bielke L R | 2007 | Int J Poult Sci2007，6，： | 1 |
| 9 | Characterization of a novel murine testisspecific serine/threonine kinase 显示文摘 | BIELKE W BLASCHKE R J MIESCHER G C | 1994 | Gene1994，139，： | 1 |
| 10 | Microbiol production of 1,3-propanediol显示文摘 | BIELK H MENZEL K ZENG A P | 1999 | Appl Microbiol Biotechnol1999，52，： | 1 |
| 11 | A system for the di- agnostic use of tissue characterizing parameters in NMR tomo- graphy 显示文摘 | Jungke M Von Seelen W Bielke G | 1987 | Proceedings of the Information Processing in Medical hnaging1987，39，87： | 1 |
| 12 | Cutting edge:protective effects of Notch-1 on TCR-induced apoptosis显示文摘 | Jehn BM Bielke W Pear WS | 1999 | J Immunol1999，162，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Cutting edge: protective effects of Notch1 on TCR-induced apoptosis 显示文摘 | JehnBM Bielke W Pear WS Osbone BA | 1999 | J Immunol1999，162，2： | 1 |
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