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| 1 | Research progress on reduced lodging of high-yield and-density maize显示文摘Increasing plant density is an effective way to enhance maize yield, but often increases lodging rate and severity, significantly elevating the risk and cost of maize production. Therefore, lodging is a major factor restricting future increases in maize yield through high-density planting. This paper reviewed previous research on the relationships between maize lodging rate and plant morphology, mechanical strength of stalks, anatomical and biochemical characteristics of stalks, root characteristics, damage from pests and diseases, environmental factors, and genomic characteristics. The effects of planting density on these factors and explored possible ways to improve lodging resistance were also analyzed in this paper. The results provide a basis for future research on increasing maize lodging resistance under high-density planting conditions and can be used to develop maize cultivation practices and lodging-resistant maize cultivars. | XUE Jun XIE Rui-zhi ZHANG Wang-feng WANG Ke-ru HOU Peng MING Bo GOU Ling LI Shao-kun | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2017，16，12： | 42 |
| 2 | Cost-effectiveness analysis of chemotherapy for advancedgastric cancer in China显示文摘AIM: To assess the economics of various chemotherapeutic regimens for advanced gastric cancer (AGC), and to select the best cost-effective regimen for the common Chinese patients. METHODS: Data source used in this study was the Chinese Biomedical Disk Database. Patients were diagnosed as AGC and any regimen was eligible. Outcome measures included median survival time (MST) and percentage of complete and partial response (CR+PR). Economic statistics was per capita direct medical cost (DMC) of a single cycle. TreeAge Pro Healthcare 2007 software was used to carry out cost-effectiveness and incremental cost-effectiveness analysis. Sensitivity analyses were applied by altering willingness-to-pay and annual discount rate, and also re-analyzed by excluding the studies with apparent heterogeneity. RESULTS: Seven retrospective economics studies on 760 patients were included. 5-fluorouracil-based regimens were universal, and also some new agents were involved, such as docetaxel, paclitaxel, and oxaliplatin. By processing analysis, we could recommend etoposide, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil (ELF) regimen as preference, with a DMC/MST ratio of 2543 RBM/11.7 mo and a DMC/CR+PR ratio of 2543 RMB/53.3%. Uracil-tegafur, etoposide and cisplatin (FEP) or 5-fluorouracil, adrimycin/epirubin and mitomycin (FAM) regimens could be regarded as optional first-line chemotherapy for AGC in common Chinese patients. With no regard for willingness-to-pay, the docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (DCF) regimen could be chosen as either a first- or a second-line chemotherapy, with a DMC/CR+PR ratio of 9979 RMB/56.3%. CONCLUSION: 5-fluorouracial regimens are still considered the mainstream for AGC, while new agents such as taxanes are optional. More randomized clinical trials are required before any mandatory recommendation of certain regimens for patients with AGC in China is made. | Xin-Zu Chen Kun Jiang Jian-Kun Hu Bo Zhang Hong-Feng Gou Kun Yang Zhi-Xin Chen Jia-Ping Chen | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 17 |
| 3 | Abnormal Phenomena Recorded by Several Earthquake Precursor Observation Instruments Before the M_s 8.0 Wenchuan,Sichuan Earthquake显示文摘<正>The paper introduces the anomalies observed by digital tiltmeter,cross-fault deformation meter,4-component borehole strainmeter and geothermometer before May 12,2008,M_s8.0 Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan.The digital tiltmeter installed in the epicentral region in Shifang County recorded the tilt anomalies 15 days before the earthquake with variation amplitude of 3.7 times larger than the annual deviation of 2007.The cross-fault deformation meter installed at Zimakua station on the Xianshuihe-Anninghe fault zone detected displacement anomaly occurring since 2006 with the variation amplitude exceeding the cumulative value of the last ten years.Five borehole strainmeter stations in the Chongqing section of Three Gorges Reservoir area observed unconventional strain changes occurring in the period from May 1 through 12,2008.Among them,the strainmeter at Wanzhou station recorded the great compression strain rate on the EW component at 14:00 o'clock of May 10,and the anomaly amplitude was so large that the instrument output exceeded its dynamic range,corresponding to a level of~10~4 nanostrains.The geothermometers installed in Xi'an, Chongqing and Xichang recorded the sudden temperature changes from November 2007 to January 2008 with the variation amplitudes several times larger than the ordinary deviation.The above phenomena and the criteria for distinguishing the anomalies from background fluctuations are discussed in this paper. | OUYANG Zuxi ZHANG Hongxun FU Zizhong GOU Bo JIANG Wali | 2009 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2009，83，4： | 12 |
| 4 | Effects of multidrug resistance, antisense RNA on the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells显示文摘BACKGROUND: Multidrug resistance is a major obstacle in cancer chemotherapy. We examined whether the antisense RNA of multidrug resistance gene 1 (mdr1) could reverse multidrug resistance in the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line SMMC7721/ADM. METHODS: The recombinant adenoviruses pAdEasy- GFP-ASmdr1 product was produced by the adenoviral vector AdEasy system, which can express antisense RNA against the mdr1 gene. Following that, the recombinant adenovirus was transfected into the P-glycoprotein- producing multidrug resistance cell line, SMMC7721/ADM human HCC cells resistant to adriamycin (ADM) and daunorubicin (DNR). In order to investigate the reversal of multidrug resistance phenotype, we measured the expression of mdr1 mRNA by RT-PCR and the production of P-glycoprotein by flow cytometry. The sensitivities for ADM and DNR SMMC7721/ADM cells were examined by [3-(4, 5-dimethylthi-azol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl-terazolium bromide] (MTT) analysis. RESULTS: The low-level expression of mdr1 mRNA and P-glycoprotein production were observed in parental sensitive cells SMMC/7721 in addition to the overexpressionof mdr1 mRNA and P-glycoprotein in SMMC7721/ADM cells. The transfection of antisense-RNA into SMMC7721/ ADM cells resulted in decreases of mdr1 mRNA and P-glycoprotein, but increase of drug sensitivities. The sensitivities of transfected SMMC7721/ADM cells to ADM and DNR in IC50 reduced by 31.25% and 62.96% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Mdr1 antisense RNA can increase the sensitivities of SMMC7721/ADM cells to anticancer drug by decreasing the expression of the mdr1 gene and inhibiting P-glycoprotein expression. This strategy may be applicable to cancer patients with P-glycoportein mediated multidrug resistance. | Bo Li, Tian Ye, Lei Zhao, De-Hua Li, Xing-Hua Gou, Lan-Ying Zhao, Lei Han, Lin Chen, Lu-Nan Yan and Jian-Ping Gong Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing 400010, China Department of Traditional Chinese Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou 646000, China Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Chengdu Di’ao Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China | 2006 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2006，5，4： | 10 |
| 5 | A Cotton BURP Domain Protein Interacts With α-Expansin and Their Co-Expression Promotes Plant Growth and Fruit Production显示文摘植物生长要求细胞墙扩展。棉花象 AtRD22 一样 1 基因 GhRDL1,主要在伸长表示了纤维房间,编码打嗝包含域的蛋白质。这里,我们证明 GhRDL1 在房间墙中是局部性的并且与 GhEXPA1 交往,在墙松开工作的 -expansin。转基因的棉花 overexpressing GhRDL1 在纤维显示出增加小卵的内种皮房间的长度和种子质量,和增大。GhRDL1 或在 Arabidopsis 独自一个的 GhEXPA1 的表示在种子尺寸导致了实质的增加;有趣地,他们的合作表示导致了 siliques,将近加倍的种子团,和提高的生物资源生产的增加的数字。棉花植物 overexpressing GhRDL1 和 GhEXPA1 蛋白质惊人地生产了更多的水果(圆蒴) ,导致直到每没有纤维质量和植物的生长上的不利效果的植物的 40% 更高的纤维产量。我们证明那设计房间墙蛋白质合伙在支持植物生长和庄稼产量有一个大潜力。 | Bing Xu Jin-Ying Gou Fu-Guang Li Xiao-Xia Shangguan Bo Zhao Chang-Qing Yang Ling-Jian Wang Sheng Yuan Chang-Jun Liu Xiao-Ya-Chen | 2013 | Molecular Plant2013，6，3： | 10 |
| 6 | Construction of the recombinant adenovirus vector carrying antisense multidrug resistance gene显示文摘BACKGROUND: Multidrug resistance proteins serve as transporters for chemical drugs in human malignancies. The objective of this study was to construct a homologous recombinant adenovirus carrying a reversal fragment of multidrug resistance gene 1 (mdr1) gene cDNA sequence. METHODS: The fragment of the mdr1 gene from the plasmid pHaMDRI-1 carrying the whole human mdr1 cDNA sequence was inserted reversely into the shuttle plasmid pAdTrack-CMV of adenoviral vector system AdEasy. The homologous recombination process was taken place in E. coli BJ5183 with the backbone plasmid pAdEasy-1. After packaging in 293 cells, recombinant adenoviral plasmid was generated. The recombinant adenoviral plasmid was identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction endonucleases digest, DNA sequence analysis and fluorescence microscopic photograph, respectively. RESULTS: The recombinant adenovirus pAdEasy-GFPASmdr1 was successfully constructed and identified by PCR, restriction digest, and sequencing with strong green fluorescence expression in fluorescence microscopic photograph. CONCLUSIONS: The recombinant adenoviral mdr1 vector would introduce the antisense mdr1 gene into the human multidrug resistance hepatocellular cell fine effectively, which would provide an experimental basis to study the multidrug resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma. | Bo Li, Xing-Hua Gou, Lin Chen, De-Hua Li, Yong-Heng Zhao, Lei Han, Lan-Ying Zhao and Jian-ping Gong Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing 400010, China Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Chengdu Diao Group Co. Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China | 2006 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2006，5，1： | 6 |
| 7 | Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles in Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs under highaltitude hypoxia显示文摘Background: Tibetan pigs, which inhabit the Tibetan Plateau, exhibit distinct phenotypic and physiological characteristics from those of lowland pigs and have adapted well to the extreme conditions at high altitude.However, the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of hypoxic adaptation in animals remain unclear.Methods: Whole-genome DNA methylation data were generated for heart tissues of Tibetan pigs grown in the highland(TH, n = 4) and lowland(TL, n = 4), as well as Yorkshire pigs grown in the highland(YH, n = 4) and lowland(YL, n = 4), using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing.Results: We obtained 480 million reads and detected 280679, 287224, 259066, and 332078 methylation enrichment peaks in TH, YH, TL, and YL, respectively. Pairwise TH vs. YH, TL vs. YL, TH vs. TL, and YH vs. YL comparisons revealed6829, 11997, 2828, and 1286 differentially methylated regions(DMRs), respectively. These DMRs contained 384, 619,192, and 92 differentially methylated genes(DMGs), respectively. DMGs that were enriched in the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway and pathways involved in cancer and hypoxia-related processes were considered to be important candidate genes for high-altitude adaptation in Tibetan pigs.Conclusions: This study elucidates the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms involved in hypoxic adaptation in pigs and may help further understand human hypoxia-related diseases. | Bo Zhang Dongmei Ban Xiao Gou Yawen Zhang Lin Yang Yangzom Chamba Hao Zhang | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，2： | 6 |
| 8 | Thermodynamic properties of cubic ZrC under high pressure from first-principles calculations显示文摘The elastic and thermodynamic properties of Zirconium carbide (ZrC) are investigated by ab initio plane-wave pseudopotential density function theory method. The obtained lattice constant, elastic constant and bulk modulus B are consistent with the experimental and theoretical data. Through the quasi-harmonic Debye model, the dependences of the normalized volume V/V0 and the bulk modulus B on pressure P, as well as the specific heat CV on the temperature T are obtained successfully. The relationships of the thermal expansion α with temperature and pressure are also investigated, which indicate the temperature hardly has any effect on the thermal expansion α at high pressure. | ZHU Jun ZHU Bo QU JianYing GOU QingQuan CHEN Fang | 2009 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2009，52，7： | 3 |
| 9 | The immunohistochemical overexpression of ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M1 (RRM1) protein is a predictor of shorter survival to gemcitabine-based chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)显示文摘 | Jae Jin Lee Chi Hoon Maeng Seon Kyung Baek Gou Young Kim Jee-Hong Yoo Cheon Woong Choi Yee Hyung Kim Young-Tae Kwak Dae-Hyun Kim Young Kyung Lee Jung Bo Kim Si-Young Kim | 2010 | Lung Cancer2010，，2： | 3 |
| 10 | Landing site topographic mapping and rover localization for Chang’e-4 mission显示文摘This paper presents the techniques and results of landing-site topographic mapping and rover localization using orbital,descent and rover images in the Chang’e-4 mission.High-resolution maps of the landing site are generated from orbital and descent images.Local digital elevation models and digital orthophoto maps with 0.02 m resolution are generated at each waypoint.The location of the lander is determined as(177.588?E,45.457?S)using festure-matching techniques.The cross-site visual localization method is routinely used to localize the rover at each waypoint to reduce error accumulation from wheel slippage and IMU drift in dead reckoning.After the first five lunar days,the rover travels 186.66 m from the lander,according to the cross-site visual localization.The developed methods and results have been directly utilized to support the mission’s operations.The maps and localization information are also valuable for supporting multiple scientific explorations of the landing site. | Zhaoqin LIU Kaichang DI Jian LI Jianfeng XIE Xiaofeng CUI Luhua XI Wenhui WAN Man PENG Bin LIU Yexin WANG Sheng GOU Zongyu YUE Tianyi YU Lichun LI Jia WANG Chuankai LIU Xin XIN Mengna JIA Zheng BO Jia LIU Runzhi WANG Shengli NIU Kuan ZHANG Yi YOU Bing LIU Jiangang LIU | 2020 | Science China(Information Sciences)2020，63，4： | 3 |
| 11 | Multi-responsive nanotheranostics with enhanced tumor penetration and oxygen self-producing capacities for multimodal synergistic cancer therapy显示文摘Incorporation of multiple functions into one nanoplatform can improve cancer diagnostic efficacy and enhance anti-cancer outcomes. Here, we constructed doxorubicin(DOX)-loaded silk fibroinbased nanoparticles(NPs) with surface functionalization by photosensitizer(N770). The obtained nanotheranostics(N770-DOX@NPs) had desirable particle size(157 nm) and negative surface charge(-25 m V). These NPs presented excellent oxygen-generating capacity and responded to a quadruple of stimuli(acidic solution, reactive oxygen species, glutathione, and hyperthermia). Surface functionalization of DOX@NPs with N770 could endow them with active internalization by cancerous cell lines, but not by normal cells. Furthermore, the intracellular NPs were found to be preferentially retained in mitochondria, which were also efficient for near-infrared(NIR) fluorescence imaging, photothermal imaging,and photoacoustic imaging. Meanwhile, DOX could spontaneously accumulate in the nucleus. Importantly, a mouse test group treated with N770-DOX@NPs plus NIR irradiation achieved the best tumorretardation effect among all treatment groups based on tumor-bearing mouse models and a patientderived xenograft model, demonstrating the unprecedented therapeutic effects of trimodal imagingguided mitochondrial phototherapy(photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy) and chemotherapy.Therefore, the present study brings new insight into the exploitation of an easy-to-use, versatile, and robust nanoplatform for programmable targeting, imaging, and applying synergistic therapy to tumors. | Shuangquan Gou Nanxi Chen Xiaoai Wu Menghang Zu Shixiong Yi Binwu Ying Fangyin Dai Bowen Ke Bo Xiao | 2022 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2022，12，1： | 2 |
| 12 | The draftgenome of a diploid cotton gossypium raimondii 显示文摘 | Kunbo Wang Zhiwen Wang Fuguang Li Wuwei Ye Junyi Wang Guoli Song Zhen Yue Lin Cong Haihong Shang Shilin Zhu Changsong Zou Qin Li Youlu Yuan Cairui Lu Hengling Wei Caiyun Gou Zequn Zheng Ye Yin Xueyan Zhang Kun Liu Bo Wang Chi Song Nan Shi Russell J Kohel Richard G Percy John Z Yu Yu-xian Zhu Jun Wang Shuxun Yu | 2012 | Nat Genet2012，，44： | 1 |
| 13 | Syntaxin 2 and SNAP-23 are required for regulated surfactant secretion 显示文摘 | Abonyo BO Gou D Wang P | 2004 | Biochemistry2004，43，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Towards ultrastrong and ductile medium-entropy alloy through dual-phase ultrafine-grained architecture显示文摘Advanced materials with superior comprehensive mechanical properties are strongly desired,but it has long been a challenge to achieve high ductility in high-strength materials.Here,we proposed a new V 0.5 Cr 0.5 CoNi medium-entropy alloy(MEA)with a face-centered cubic/hexagonal close-packed(FCC/HCP)dual-phase ultrafine-grained(UFG)architecture containing stacking faults(SFs)and local chemical order(LCO)in HCP solid solution,to obtain an ultrahigh yield strength of 1476 MPa and uniform elongation of 13.2%at ambient temperature.The ultrahigh yield strength originates mainly from fine grain strength-ening of the UFG FCC matrix and HCP second-phase strengthening assisted by the SFs and LCO inside,whereas the large ductility correlates to the superior ability of the UFG FCC matrix to storage disloca-tions and the function of deformation-induced SFs in the vicinity of the FCC/HCP boundary to eliminate the stress concentration.This work provides new guidance by engineering novel composition and stable UFG structure for upgrading the mechanical properties of metallic materials. | Zhen Chen Hongbo Xie Haile Yan Xueyong Pang Yuhui Wang Guilin Wu Lijun Zhang Hu Tang Bo Gao Bo Yang Yanzhong Tian Huiyang Gou Gaowu Qin | 2022 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2022，，31： | 1 |
| 15 | The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection(GRAND):Science and design显示文摘The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection(GRAND)is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy(UHE)cosmic particles,with energies exceeding 10~8 Ge V.Its goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic rays.To do this,GRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched sensitivity.GRAND will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the atmosphere.Its design is modular:20 separate,independent sub-arrays,each of 10000 radio antennas deployed over 10000 km^2.A staged construction plan will validate key detection techniques while achieving important science goals early.Here we present the science goals,detection strategy,preliminary design,performance goals,and construction plans for GRAND. | Jaime Alvarez-Muniz Rafael Alves Batista Aswathi Balagopal V. Julien Bolmont Mauricio Bustamante Washington Carvalho Jr. Didier Charrier Ismael Cognard Valentin Decoene Peter B.Denton Sijbrand De Jong Krijn D.De Vries Ralph Engel Ke Fang Chad Finley Stefano Gabici Quan Bu Gou Jun Hua Gu Claire Guépin Hong Bo Hu Yan Huang Kumiko Kotera Sandra Le Coz Jean-Philippe Lenain Guo Liang Léü Olivier Martineau-Huynh Miguel Mostafá Fabrice Mottez Kohta Murase Valentin Niess Foteini Oikonomou Tanguy Pierog Xiang Li Qian Bo Qin Duan Ran Nicolas Renault-Tinacci Markus Roth Frank G.Schroder Fabian Schüssler Cyril Tasse Charles Timmerman Matías Tueros Xiang Ping Wu Philippe Zarka Andreas Zech B.Theodore Zhang Jian Li Zhang Yi Zhang Qian Zheng Anne Zilles | 2020 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2020，63，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Modification of collagen fibre and clean chrome tanning technology using low temperature plasma 显示文摘 | YANG JINWEI LI BO GOU LI LING HUIJIAO LUOMINGJIANG LI LIXIN | 2012 | JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS AND CHEMISTS2012，96，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Gut microbiota,inflammation,and molecular signatures of host response to infection显示文摘Gut microbial dysbiosis has been linked to many noncommunicable diseases.However,little is known about specific gut microbiota composition and its correlated metabolites associated with molecular signatures underlying host response to infection.Here,we describe the construction of a proteomic risk score based on 20 blood proteomic biomarkers,which have recently been identified as molecular signatures predicting the progression of the COVID-19.We demonstrate that in our cohort of 990 healthy individuals without infection,this proteomic risk score is positively associated with proinflammatory cytokines mainly among older,but not younger,individuals.We further discover that a core set of gut microbiota can accurately predict the above proteomic biomarkers among 301 individuals using a machine learning model and that these gut microbiota features are highly correlated with proinflammatory cytokines in another independent set of 366 individuals.Fecal metabolomics analysis suggests potential amino acid-related pathways linking gut microbiota to host metabolism and inflammation.Overall,our multi-omics analyses suggest that gut microbiota composition and function are closely related to inflammation and molecular signatures of host response to infection among healthy individuals.These results may provide novel insights into the cross-talk between gut microbiota and host immune system. | Wanglong Gou Yuanqing Fu Liang Yue Geng-Dong Chen Xue Cai Menglei Shuai Fengzhe Xu Xiao Yi Hao Chen Yi Zhu Mian-Li Xiao Zengliang Jiang Zelei Miao Congmei Xiao Bo Shen Xiaomai Wu Haihong Zhao Wenhua Ling Jun Wang Yu-Ming Chen Tiannan Guo Ju-Sheng Zheng | 2021 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2021，48，9： | 1 |
| 18 | A novel graphite/phenolic resin bipolar plate modified by doping carbon fibers for the application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells显示文摘In this study,the carbon fibers treated by three methods were selected as a reinforcement to investigate the influence on the properties of composite bipolar plates.The properties and microstructure of the composite bipolar plate were characterized by the four-point probe,universal test machine,contact angle tester and scanning electron microscopy.The optimum treatment methods and the fiber content were analysed.The results showed that the carbon fibers treated by Fenton reagent for 2 h exhibited the best performance,which could improve the electrical conductivity and the flexural strength for composite bipolar plate.Besides,the optimal content content of carbon fibers treated by Fenton reagent was 4%.The maximum power density of the PEMFC with the composite bipolar plates could reach 662.75 mW cm^(-2) in H_(2)-air conditions.Therefore,the phenolic resin/graphite composite bipolar plate modified by doping carbon fibers was a promising candidate for bipolar plate materials for PEMFC. | Bo Lv Zhigang Shao Liang He Yong Gou Shucheng Sun | 2020 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2020，30，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Formation of fractures in carbonate rocks by pad acid fracturing with different states of carbon dioxide显示文摘Carbonate outcrops were taken from Ma 51 sub-member in the Lower Paleozoic in the Yan’an gas field to conduct true tri-axial hydraulic fracturing experiments with water, liquid CO_(2) and supercritical CO_(2). CT scan was applied to analyze initiation and propagation laws of hydraulic fractures in carbonate rocks. The experiments show that supercritical CO_(2) has low viscosity, strong diffusivity and large filtration during fracturing, which is more liable to increase pore pressure of rocks around wellbore and decrease breakdown pressure of carbonate rocks. However, it would cost much more volume of supercritical CO_(2) than water to fracture rocks since the former increases the wellbore pressure more slowly during fracturing. For carbonate rocks with few natural fractures, tensional fractures are generated by fracturing with water and liquid CO_(2), and these fractures propagate along the maximum horizontal principal stress direction;while fracturing with supercritical CO_(2) can form shear fractures, whose morphology is rarely influenced by horizontal stress difference. Besides, the angle between propagation direction of these shear fractures near the wellbore and the maximum horizontal principal stress is 45°, and the fractures would gradually turn to propagate along the maximum horizontal principal stress when they extend to a certain distance from the wellbore, leading to an increase of fracture tortuosity compared with the former. For carbonate rocks with well-developed natural fractures, fracturing with fresh water is conducive to connect natural fractures with low approaching angle and form stepped fractures with simple morphology. The key to forming complex fractures after fracturing carbonate rocks is to connect the natural fractures with high approaching angle. It is easier for liquid CO_(2) with low viscosity to realize such connection. Multi-directional fractures with relatively complex morphology would be formed after fracturing with liquid CO_(2). | GUO Jianchun ZHAN Li GOU Bo ZHANG Ran LIU Chao LI Xiao REN Jichuan | 2021 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2021，48，3： | 0 |
| 20 | East Asian VLBI Network observations of active galactic nuclei jets:imaging with KaVA+Tianma+Nanshan显示文摘The East Asian Very Long Baseline Interferometry(VLBI) Network(EAVN) is a rapidly evolving international VLBI array that is currently promoted under joint efforts among China,Japan and Korea.EAVN aims at forming a joint VLBI Network by combining a large number of radio telescopes distributed over East Asian regions.After the combination of the Korean VLBI Network(KVN) and the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry(VERA) into Ka VA,further expansion with the joint array in East Asia is actively promoted.Here we report the first imaging results(at 22 and 43 GHz) of bright radio sources obtained with Ka VA connected to Tianma 65-m and Nanshan 26-m Radio Telescopes in China.To test the EAVN imaging performance for different sources,we observed four active galactic nuclei(AGN) having different brightness and morphology.As a result,we confirmed that the Tianma 65-m Radio Telescope(TMRT) significantly enhances the overall array sensitivity,a factor of 4 improvement in baseline sensitivity and 2 in image dynamic range compared to the case of Ka VA only.The addition of the Nanshan 26-m Radio Telescope(NSRT) further doubled the east-west angular resolution.With the resulting high-dynamic-range,high-resolution images with EAVN(Ka VA+TMRT+NSRT),various fine-scale structures in our targets,such as the counter-jet in M87,a kink-like morphology of the 3 C 273 jet and the weak emission in other sources are successfully detected.This demonstrates the powerful capability of EAVN to study AGN jets and to achieve other science goals in general.Ongoing expansion of EAVN will further enhance the angular resolution,detection sensitivity and frequency coverage of the network. | 崔玉竹 Kazuhiro Hada Motoki Kino Bong-Won Sohn Jongho Park Hyun-Wook Ro Satoko Sawada-Satoh Wu Jiang Lang Cui Mareki Honma 沈志强 Fumie Tazaki 安涛 Ilje Cho Guang-Yao Zhao Xiao-Peng Cheng Kotaro Niinuma Kiyoaki Wajima Ying-Kang Zhang Noriyuki Kawaguchi Juan-Carlos Algaba Shoko Koyama Tomoya Hirota Yoshinori Yonekura Nobuyuki Sakai Bo Xia Yong-Bin Jiang Lin-Feng Yu Wei Gou Ju-Yeon Hwang Yong-Chen Jiang Yun-Xia Sun Dong-Kyu Jung Hyo-Ryoung Kim Jeong-Sook Kim Hideyuki Kobayashi Jee-Won Lee Jeong-Ae Lee Hua Zhang Guang-Hui Li Zhi-Qiang Xu Peng Li Jung-Hwan Oh Se-Jin Oh Chung-Sik Oh Tomoaki Oyama Duk-Gyoo Roh Katsunori-M.Shibata 郭文 Rong-Bing Zhao Wei-Ye Zhong Jin-Qing Wang Wen-Jun Yang 闫浩 Jae-Hwan Yeom Bin Li 李笑飞 Jian-Ping Yuan Jian Dong Zhong Chen Kazunori Akiyama Keiichi Asada Do-Young Byun Yoshiaki Hagiwara Jeffrey Hodgson Tae-Hyun Jung Kee-Tae Kim Sang-Sung Lee Kunwoo Yi Qing-Hui Liu Xiang Liu Ru-Sen Lu Masanori Nakamura Sascha Trippe Na Wang Xue-Zheng Wang 张波 | 2021 | Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics2021，21，8： | 0 |
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