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| 1 | Reliability of ultrasound ovarian-adnexal reporting and data system amongst less experienced readers before and after training显示文摘BACKGROUND The 2018 ovarian-adnexal reporting and data system(O-RADS)guidelines are aimed at providing a system for consistent reports and risk stratification for ovarian lesions found on ultrasound.It provides key characteristics and findings for lesions,a lexicon of descriptors to communicate findings,and risk characterization and associated follow-up recommendation guidelines.However,the ORADS guidelines have not been validated in North American institutions or amongst less experienced readers.AIM To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and inter-reader reliability of ultrasound ORADS risk stratification amongst less experienced readers in a North American institution with and without pre-test training.METHODS A single-center retrospective study was performed using 100 ovarian/adnexal lesions of varying O-RADS scores.Of these cases,50 were allotted to a training cohort and 50 to a testing cohort via a non-randomized group selection process in order to approximately equal distribution of O-RADS categories both within and between groups.Reference standard O-RADS scores were established through consensus of three fellowship-trained body imaging radiologists.Three PGY-4 residents were independently evaluated for diagnostic accuracy and inter-reader reliability with and without pre-test O-RADS training.Sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value(NPV),and area under the curve(AUC)were used to measure accuracy.Fleiss kappa and weighted quadratic(pairwise)kappa values were used to measure inter-reader reliability.Statistical significance was P<0.05.RESULTS Mean patient age was 40±16 years with lesions ranging from 1.2 to 22.5 cm.Readers demonstrated excellent specificities(85%-100%pre-training and 91%-100%post-training)and NPVs(89%-100%pre-training and 91-100%post-training)across the O-RADS categories.Sensitivities were variable(55%-100%pre-training and 64%-100%post-training)with malignant ORADS 4 and 5 Lesions pre-training and post-training AUC values of 0.87-0.95 and 0.94-098,respectively(P<0.001).Nineteen of 22(86%)misclassified cases in pre-training were related to mischaracterization of dermoid features or wall/septation morphology.Fifteen of 17(88%)of posttraining misclassified cases were related to one of these two errors.Fleiss kappa inter-reader reliability was‘good’and pairwise inter-reader reliability was‘very good’with pre-training and post-training assessment(k=0.76 and 0.77;and k=0.77-0.87 and 0.85-0.89,respectively).CONCLUSION Less experienced readers in North America achieved excellent specificities and AUC values with very good pairwise inter-reader reliability.They may be subject to misclassification of potentially malignant lesions,and specific training around dermoid features and smooth vs irregular inner wall/septation morphology may improve sensitivity. | Prayash Katlariwala Mitchell P Wilson Yeli Pi Baljot S Chahal Roger Croutze Deelan Patel Vimal Patel Gavin Low | 2022 | World Journal of Radiology2022，14，9： | 2 |
| 2 | Efficacy and safety of semaglutide in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the leading cause of chronic liver disease.The prevalence and disease burden of NAFLD are projected to exponentially increase resulting in significant healthcare expenditures and lower healthrelated quality of life.To date,there are no approved pharmacotherapies for NAFLD or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Semaglutide has glycemic and weight loss benefits that may be advantageous for patients with NAFLD.AIM To investigate the efficacy and safety of semaglutide in patients with NAFLD.METHODS MEDLINE,CENTRAL,and EMBASE were searched from inception to May 1,2023,to identify eligible randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Meta-analysis was performed using random effects model expressing continuous outcomes as mean differences(MD)or standardized MDs(SMD),and dichotomous outcomes as odds ratios(OR)with 95%confidence intervals(CI).Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistic.RESULTS Three RCTs involving 458 patients were included.Semaglutide increased the likelihood of NASH resolution(OR:3.18,95%CI:1.70,5.95;P<0.001),improvement in steatosis(OR:2.83,95%CI:1.19,6.71;P=0.03),lobular inflammation(OR:1.81,95%CI:1.11,2.96;P=0.02),and hepatocellular ballooning(OR:2.92,95%CI:1.83,4.65;P<0.001),but not fibrosis stage(OR:0.71,95%CI:0.15,3.41;P=0.67).Radiologically,semaglutide reduced liver stiffness(SMD:-0.48,95%CI:-0.86,-0.11;P=0.01)and steatosis(MD:-4.96%,95%CI:-9.92,0.01;P=0.05).It also reduced alanine aminotransferase(MD:-14.06 U/L,95%CI:-22.06,-6.07;P<0.001)and aspartate aminotransferase(MD:-11.44 U/L,95%CI:-17.23,-5.65;P<0.001).Semaglutide led to improved cardiometabolic outcomes,including decreased HgA1c(MD:-0.77%,95%CI:-1.18,-0.37;P<0.001)and weight loss(MD:-6.53 kg,95%CI:-11.21,-1.85;P=0.006),but increased the occurrence of GIrelated side effects(OR:3.72,95%CI:1.68,8.23;P=0.001).Overall risk of serious adverse events was similar compared to placebo(OR:1.40,95%CI:0.75,2.62;P<0.29).CONCLUSION Semaglutide is effective in the treatment of NAFLD while maintaining a well-tolerated safety profile.Future studies are required to evaluate its effects on fibrosis regression and different phases of NAFLD. | Kai Zhu Rohan Kakkar Daljeet Chahal Eric M Yoshida Trana Hussaini | 2023 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2023，29，37： | 2 |
| 3 | Peroral Endoscopic Drainage/Debridement of Walled-off Pancreatic Necrosis显示文摘 | Georgios I. Papachristou Naoki Takahashi Prabhleen Chahal Michael G. Sarr Todd H. Baron | 2007 | Annals of Surgery2007，，6： | 2 |
| 4 | Clinical outcomes of endoscopic management of pancreatic fluid collections in cirrhotics vs non-cirrhotics: A comparative study显示文摘BACKGROUND Endoscopic management of symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) using self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) placement has emerged as an innovative therapeutic approach with excellent efficacy, safety, and relatively few adverse outcomes. However, their use has not been studied in patients with cirrhosis. Cirrhotics tend to be considered less than optimal candidates due to concern for portal hypertension and coagulopathy related complications. AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of using SEMS for drainage of symptomatic PFCs in cirrhotic vs non-cirrhotic patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective comparative analysis of patients with symptomatic PFCs [pancreatic pseudocyst (PP) or walled-off necrosis (WON)] who underwent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided placement of fully covered self-expandable metals stents or lumen-apposing self-expandable metal stents. All patients were followed clinically until resolution of PFCs or death. Definition:(1) Technical success was defined as successful placement of SEMS;and (2) Clinical success was defined as complete resolution of the PFCs without additional interventions including interventional radiology or surgery. Number of procedures performed per patient, number of patients who achieved complete resolution of the PFCs without additional interventions and procedure related adverse events were recorded.RESULTS From January 2012 to December 2017, a total of 88 patients underwent EUSguided drainage of symptomatic PFCs. Of these, 58 non cirrhotic patients underwent plastic stent insertion for management of PFC and 30 patients, 5 with cirrhosis and 25 without cirrhosis, underwent EUS-guided transmural drainage with SEMS, including 18 (60%) PP and 12 (40%) WON. Technical success was achieved in all 30 patients. Clinical success was achieved in 60% cirrhotic patients and 92% non-cirrhotics (P = 0.12). Procedure-related adverse events were 60% in cirrhotic and 28% non-cirrhotic (P = 0.62). Moreover, fatal adverse events were statistically more common in cirrhotics compared with non-cirrhotics (0 vs 40%;P = 0.023). Successful stent removal following resolution of the PFC, was 60% in cirrhotics and 80% in non-cirrhotics (P = 0.57). Post-procedure length of hospitalization was 18.6 ± 20.3 d in cirrhotics and 5.6 ± 13.7 d in non-cirrhotics (P = 0.084). CONCLUSION EUS-guided management of PFC using SEMS placement has a high technical and clinical success rate in non-cirrhotics. However, in cirrhotics caution must be exercised given the high morbidity and mortality as evidenced by our cohort, particularly for the endoscopic debridement of WONs. Larger, multicenter studies are warranted to further characterize the risk profile and outcomes in these patients. | Sobia Laique Matheus C Franco Tyler Stevens Amit Bhatt John J Vargo Prabhleen Chahal | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2019，11，6： | 2 |
| 5 | Evaluation of combination treatments of sodium hydroxide and steam explosion for the production of cellulase-systems by two Treesei mutants under solid-state fementation condition 显示文摘 | Awafo V A Chahal D S Simpson B K | 2000 | Bioresource Technology2000，73，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Evaluation of painful hydronephrosis in pregnancy:magnetic resonance urographic patterns in physiological dilatation versus calculous obstruction显示文摘 | SPENCER J A CHAHAL R KELLY A et a1 | 2004 | J Urol2004，171，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Transition to adult healthcare for adolescents and young adults with congenital heart disease:perspectives of the patient, parent and health care provider 显示文摘 | Clarizia N A Chahal N Manlhiot C | 2009 | TheCanadian journal of cardiology2009，25，9： | 1 |
| 8 | Production of cellulase in solid-state fermentation with Trichoderma reesei MCG 80 on wheat straw 显示文摘 | Chahal PS Chahal DS Le GBB | 1996 | Applied Biochem Biotechnol1996，5758，： | 1 |
| 9 | Production of Trichoderma reesei cellulase system with high hydrolytic potential by solid-state fermentation 显示文摘 | Chahal DS Mandels M Kohlmann K | 1991 | Enzymes in Biomass Conversion ACS Symposium Series1991，460，： | 1 |
| 10 | Protein production and growth characteristics of chaetomium cellulolyticum during solid state fermentation of corn stover显示文摘 | Chahal D S Moo-Young M Vlach D | 1983 | Mycologia1983，75，： | 1 |
| 11 | Solid-state fermentation with Trichoder- ma reesei for cellulase production显示文摘 | Chahal DS | 1985 | Appl Environ Microbiol1985，49，： | 1 |
| 12 | A comparison of direct endoscopic necrosectomy with transmural endoscopic drainage for the treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis显示文摘 | Gardner TB Chahal P Papachristou GI | 2009 | Gastrointest Endosc2009，69，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Patients at high risk for upper tract urothelial cancer:evaluation of hydronephrosis using high resolution magnetic resonance urography显示文摘 | Chahal R Taylor K Eardley I | 2005 | J Urol2005，174，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Senescence in innate immune responses:reduced neutrophil phagocytic capacity and CD16 expression in elderly humans显示文摘 | Butcher SK Chahal H Nayak L | 2001 | J Leukoc Biol2001，70，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Hybrid Percutaneous-Endoscopic Drainage of the Cholelithiasis and Choledocholithiasis显示文摘 | Mihir Patel Abraham Levitin Prabhleen Chahal | 2014 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2014，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Does subclinical atherosclerosis burden identify the increased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality among United Kingdom Indian Asians? A population study显示文摘 | CHAHAL N S LIM T K JAIN P | 2011 | Am Heart J2011，162，3： | 1 |
| 17 | 拟除虫菊酯防治麦种仓贮害虫的现场药效评价显示文摘为了获得品质优良的种子,需要花相当的费用。种子贮存过程中,虫害是招致损失的主要原因。据估计,粮食作物的仓贮损失为5~10%,一般以重量计。若按种子存活率计,则损失更大。对多种有机磷杀虫剂和一些拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂防治粮食及其加工品的仓贮害虫都已进行了评价。室内试验结果表明,用拟除虫菊酯处理小麦种子更为有效。 | M. Ramzan B. S. Chahal B. K. Judge 冯坚 | 1990 | 农药译丛1990，12，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Soil texture, climate and management effects on plant growth, grain yield and water use by rainfed maize-wheat cropping system: Field and simu- lation study显示文摘 | JALOTA S K SINGH S CHAHAL G B S | 2010 | Agricultural Water Management2010，97，1： | 1 |
| 19 | A study of the morbidity,mortality and long-term survival following radical cystectomy and radical radiotherapy in the treatment of invasive bladder cancer in Yorkshire显示文摘 | Chahal R Sundaram S K Iddenden R | 2003 | Eur Urol2003，43，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Straw management and tillage effects on soil water storage under field conditions显示文摘 | Jalota S K Khera R Chahal S S | 2001 | Soil Use and Management2001，17，： | 1 |
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