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| 1 | Bacterial infections other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis显示文摘Cirrhotic patients are immunocompromised with a high risk of infection.Proinflammatory cytokines and hemodynamic circulation derangement further facilitate the development of serious consequences of infections.Other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis,bacteremia and bacterial infections of other organ systems are frequently observed.Gram-negative enteric bacteria are the most common causative organism.Other bacterial infections,such as enterococci,Vibrio spp.,Aeromonas spp.,Clostridium spp.,Listeria monocytogenes,Plesiomonas shigelloides and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are more prevalent and more virulent.Generally,intravenous third generation cephalosporins are recommended as empirical antibiotic therapy.Increased incidences of gram-positive and drug-resistant organisms have been reported,particularly in hospitalacquired infections and in patients receiving quinolones prophylaxis.This review focuses upon epidemiology,microbiology,clinical features and treatment of infections in cirrhosis other than spontaneous bacterial peritonitis,including pathogen-specific and liver diseasespecific issues. | Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul Disaya Chavalitdhamrong | 2012 | World Journal of Hepatology2012，4，5： | 28 |
| 2 | Bacterial infections in cirrhosis: A critical review and practical guidance显示文摘Bacterial infection is common and accounts for major morbidity and mortality in cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis are immunocompromised and increased susceptibility to develop spontaneous bacterial infections, hospital-acquired infections, and a variety of infections from uncommon pathogens. Once infection develops, the excessive response of pro-inflammatory cytokines on a pre-existing hemodynamic dysfunction in cirrhosis further predispose the development of serious complications such as shock, acute-on-chronic liver failure, renal failure, and death. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and bacteremia are common in patients with advanced cirrhosis, and are important prognostic landmarks in the natural history of cirrhosis. Notably, the incidence of infections from resistant bacteria has increased significantly in healthcare-associated settings. Serum biomarkers such as procalcitonin may help to improve the diagnosis of bacterial infection. Preventive measures(e.g., avoidance, antibiotic prophylaxis, and vaccination), early recognition, and proper management are required in order to minimize morbidity and mortality of infections in cirrhosis. | Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul Naichaya Chamroonkul Disaya Chavalitdhamrong | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，6： | 27 |
| 3 | Management of patients with hepatitis C infection and renal disease显示文摘Hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD) is associated with more rapid liver disease progression and reduced renal graft and patients' survival following kidney transplantation. Evaluations and management of HCV in patients with renal disease are challenging. The pharmacokinetics of interferons(IFN), ribavirin(RBV) and some direct acting antiviral(DAA), such as sofosbuvir, are altered in patients with ESRD. With dose adjustment and careful monitoring, treatment of HCV in patients with ESRD can be associated with sustained virological response(SVR) rates nearly comparable to that of patients with normal renal function. DAA-based regimens, especially the IFNfree and RBV-free regimens, are theoretically preferred for patients with ESRD and KT in order to increase SVR rates and to reduce treatment side effects. However, based on the data for pharmacokinetics, dosing safety and efficacy of DAA for patients with severe renal impairment are lacking. This review will be focused on the evaluations, available pharmacologic data, and management of HCV in patients with severe renal impairment, patients who underwent KT, and those who suffered from HCV-related renal disease, according to the available treatment options, including DAA. | Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul Monthira Maneerattanaporn Disaya Chavalitdhamrong | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，2： | 25 |
| 4 | Immune Dysfunction and Infections in Patients With Cirrhosis显示文摘 | Alexander R. Bonnel Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul K. Rajender Reddy | 2011 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2011，，9： | 4 |
| 5 | Hepatitis C genotype 6:A concise review and response-guided therapy proposal显示文摘Hepatitis C genotype 6 is endemic in Southeast Asia[prevalence varies between 10%-60% among all hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection], as well as also sporadically reported outside the area among immigrations.The diagnosis of HCV genotype can be inaccurate with earlier methods of genotyping due to identical 5'-UTR between genotype 6 and 1b, hence the newer genotyping methods with core sequencing are preferred.Risk factors and clinical course of HCV genotype 6 do not differ considerably from other genotypes. Treatment outcome of HCV genotype 6 with a combination of pegylated interferon and ribavirin is superior to genotype 1, and nearly comparable to genotype 3, with expected sustained virological response(SVR) rates of 60%-90%. Emerging data suggests that a shorter course 24-wk treatment is equally effective as a standard 48-wk treatment, particularly for those patients who attained undetectable HCV RNA at week 4(RVR).In addition, baseline and on-treatment predictors of response used for other HCV genotypes appear effective with genotype 6. Although some pan-genotypic directacting antivirals have completed phase Ⅱ/Ⅲ studies(sofosbuvir and simeprevir) with clinical benefit demonstrated in small number of patients with genotype6, broad availability of these agents in Southeast Asia may not be expected in the near future. While awaiting the newer therapy, response-guided therapy seems appropriate for patients with HCV genotype 6. Patients with RVR(representing>70% of patients) are suitable for 24-wk treatment with expected SVR rates>80%. Patients without RVR and/or those with poor response predictors may benefit from 48 wk of therapy,and a detectable HCV RNA at week 12(with no early virological response) serves as a stopping rule. This treatment scheme is likely to have a major economic impact on HCV therapy, particularly in Southeast Asia,wherein treatment can be truncated securely in the majority of patients with HCV genotype 6. | Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul Disaya Chavalitdhamrong Tawesak Tanwandee | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，9： | 2 |
| 6 | A randomized trial of 48 versus 24 weeks of combination pegylated interferon and ribavirin therapy in genotype 6 chronic hepatitis C显示文摘 | Pham Thi Thu Thuy Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul Ho Tan Dat K. Rajender Reddy | 2012 | Journal of Hepatology2012，，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Current Evidence Concerning Effects of Ketogenic Diet and Intermittent Fasting in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver显示文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging globally, while no therapeutic medication has been approved as an effective treatment to date, lifestyle intervention through dietary modification and physical exercise plays a critical role in NAFLD management. In terms of dietary modification, Mediterranean diet is the most studied dietary pattern and is recommended in many guidelines, however, it may not be feasible and affordable for many patients. Recently, a ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting have gained public attention and have been studied in the role of weight management. This article reviews specifically whether these trendy dietary patterns have an effect on NAFLD outcomes regarding intrahepatic fat content, fibrosis, and liver enzymes, the scientific rationales behind these particular dietary patterns, as well as the safety concerns in some certain patient groups. | Pimsiri Sripongpun Chaitong Churuangsuk Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul | 2022 | Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology2022，10，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for Prevention of Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection by Highly Viremic Pregnant Women: A Case Series显示文摘 | Calvin Pan Li-Jun Mi Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul Jeffrey Karsdon William Huang Gaurav Singhvi Marc Ghany K. Reddy | 2012 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2012，，9： | 1 |
| 9 | Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for Prevention of Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection by Highly Viremic Pregnant Women: A Case Series显示文摘 | Calvin Pan Li-Jun Mi Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul Jeffrey Karsdon William Huang Gaurav Singhvi Marc Ghany K. Reddy | 2012 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2012，，9： | 1 |
| 10 | In-hospital mortality of hepatorenal syndrome in the United States:Nationwide inpatient sample显示文摘BACKGROUND Hepatorenal syndrome(HRS)is a life-threatening condition among patients with advanced liver disease.Data trends specific to hospital mortality and hospital admission resource utilization for HRS remain limited.AIM To assess the temporal trend in mortality and identify the predictors for mortality among hospital admissions for HRS in the United States.METHODS We used the National Inpatient Sample database to identify an unweighted sample of 4938 hospital admissions for HRS from 2005 to 2014(weighted sample of 23973 admissions).The primary outcomes were temporal trends in mortality as well as predictors for hospital mortality.We estimated odds ratios from multilevel mixed effect logistic regression to identify patient characteristics and treatments associated with hospital mortality.RESULTS Overall hospital mortality was 32%.Hospital mortality decreased from 44%in 2005 to 24%in 2014(P<0.001),while there was an increase in the rate of liver transplantation(P=0.02),renal replacement therapy(P<0.001),length of hospital stay(P<0.001),and hospitalization cost(P<0.001).On multivariable analysis,older age,alcohol use,coagulopathy,neurological disorder,and need for mechanical ventilation predicted higher hospital mortality,whereas liver transplantation,transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt,and abdominal paracentesis were associated with lower hospital mortality.CONCLUSION Although there was an increase in resource utilizations,hospital mortality among patients admitted for HRS significantly improved.Several predictors for hospital mortality were identified. | Wisit Kaewput Charat Thongprayoon Carissa Y Dumancas Swetha R Kanduri Karthik Kovvuru Chalermrat Kaewput Pattharawin Pattharanitima Tananchai Petnak Ploypin Lertjitbanjong Boonphiphop Boonpheng Karn Wijarnpreecha Jose L Zabala Genovez Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula Caroline C Jadlowiec Fawad Qureshi Wisit Cheungpasitporn | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，45： | 0 |
| 11 | Current observation and analysis based on mooring systems in the Andaman Sea显示文摘The basic structure and intraseasonal evolution of currents in the southeastern Andaman Sea was analyzed based on data collected in 2017 from two subsurface moorings(C1 and C5).Periodic variation in the upper ocean currents of the Andaman Sea was investigated by combining observational and satellite data.Mooring observations show that rapid changes of current speed and direction occurred in May and June,with a significant increase in current velocity at the C1 mooring.In the second half of the year,southward flow dominated at the C1 mooring,and alternating northward and southward flows were evident at the C5 mooring during the same period but the northward flow prevailed in boreal winter.In addition,analysis of the power spectra of the upper currents revealed that the tidal period at both moorings is primarily semidiurnal with weaker energy than that of the low-frequency currents.The upper ocean currents at the C1 and C5 moorings exhibited intraseasonal variation of 30-60 d and 120 d,while the zonal current at the C1 mooring exhibited a notable period of approximately 180 d.Further analysis indicated that the variability of currents in the Andaman Sea is influenced primarily by equatorial Kelvin waves and Rossby wave packets.Moreover,our results suggest that equatorial Kelvin waves from the eastern Indian Ocean entered the Andaman Sea in the form of Wyrtki Jets and propagated primarily along two distinct pathways during the observation period.In addition to coastal boundary Kelvin waves,it was found that a branch of the Wyrtki Jet that directly enters the Andaman Sea and flows northward along the slope of the continental shelf,and reflected Rossby wave packets by topography. | Yimeng WANG Jingsong GUO Dapeng QU Zhixin ZHANG Chalermrat SANGMANEE Varintha VASINAMEKHIN Binghuo GUO | 2024 | Journal of Oceanology and Limnology2024，42，2： | 0 |
| 12 | Characteristics of Drug-induced Liver Injury in Chronic Liver Disease:Results from the Thai Association for the Study of the Liver(THASL)DILI Registry显示文摘Background and Aims:The impact of drug-induced liver injury(DILI)on patients with chronic liver disease(CLD)is unclear.There are few reports comparing DILI in CLD and non-CLD patients.In this study,we aimed to determine the incidence and outcomes of DILI in patients with and without CLD.Methods:We collected data on eligible individuals with suspected DILI between 2018 and 2020 who were evaluated systematically for other etiologies,causes,and the severity of DILI.We compared the causative agents,clinical features,and outcomes of DILI among subjects with and without CLD who were enrolled in the Thai Association for the Study of the Liver DILI registry.Subjects with definite,or highly likely DILI were included in the analysis.Results:A total of 200 subjects diagnosed with DILI were found in the registry.Of those,41 had CLD and 159 had no evidence of CLD in their background.Complementary and alternative medicine(CAM)products were identified as the most common class of DILI agents.Approximately 59%of DILI in the CLD and 40%in non-CLD group were associated with CAM use.Individuals with pre-existing CLD had similar severity including mortality.Twelve patients(6%)developed adverse outcomes related to DILI including seven(3.5%)deaths and five(2.5%)with liver failure.Mortality was 4.88%in CLD and 3.14%in non-CLD subjects over median periods of 58(8–106)days and 22(1–65)days,respectively.Conclusions:In this liver disease registry,the causes,clinical presentation,and outcomes of DILI in subjects with CLD and without CLD patients were not different.Further study is required to confirm our findings. | Sakkarin Chirapongsathorn Wattana Sukeepaisarnjaroen Sombat Treeprasertsuk Roonguedee Chaiteerakij Pichaporn Surawongsin Chanunta Hongthanakorn Sith Siramolpiwat Naichaya Chamroonkul Chalermrat Bunchorntavakul Watcharasak Chotiyaputta Kittiyod Poovorawan Rattana Boonsirichan Saranath Lawpoolsri Chinnavat Sutivana Abhasnee Sobhonslidsuk | 2023 | Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology2023，11，1： | 0 |
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