| 1 | Dietary fibers with low hydration properties exacerbate diarrhea and impair intestinal health and nutrient digestibility in weaned piglets显示文摘Background:This study aimed to investigate the hydration properties of different-source fibrous materials by com-paring their water-binding capacity(WBC),water swelling capacity(WSC),viscosity,and in vivo effects of selected samples on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,diarrhea,and intestinal health in weaned piglets.Methods:A total of 13 commercially available fibrous materials were first compared in chemical composition and in vitro hydration property.Subsequently,40 weaned piglets were randomized to five experimental dietary groups(8 piglets per group):control diet(a basal diet without dietary fiber,CON),basal diet supplemented with 5%microcrys-talline cellulose(MCC),5%wheat bran(WB),5%Moringa oleifera leaf powder(MOLP),or 5%sugar beet pulp(SBP),fol-lowed by analyzing their growth performance and diarrhea rate in a 28-d experiment.After the feeding experiment,anaesthetized piglets were killed,and their intestinal and colon content or plasma samples were analyzed in nutrient digestibility,intestinal morphology,intestinal barrier,short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),and bacterial population.Results:In vitro studies showed low hydration properties for WB and MCC,while medium hydration properties for MOLP and SBP.In vivo studies indicated that compared with medium hydration property groups,low hydration prop-erty groups showed(1)exacerbated diarrhea,impaired intestinal health,and reduced apparent fecal digestibility of dry matter,gross energy,acid detergent fiber,and neutral detergent fiber;(2)decreased SCFAs concentration and rela-tive levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium,but increased levels of Escherichia coli and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in colon contents.Additionally,SBP showed optimal performance in reducing diarrhea and increasing SCFAs produc-tion.Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation of fiber hydration properties with in vitro SCFAs production,and diarrhea index and nutrient digestibility were negatively and positively correlated with SCFAs levels in the colon contents of weaned piglets,respectively.Conclusions:Different-source dietary fibers varied in their hydration properties and impacts on diarrhea,microbial composition and SCFAs production in weaned piglets.WB and MCC could exacerbate diarrhea and impair nutrient digestibility,probably because their low hydration properties were detrimental to gut microbial homeostasis and fermentation.Our findings provide new ideas for rational use of fiber resources in weaned piglets. | Shuangbo Huang Zhijuan Cui Xiangyu Hao Chuanhui Cheng Jianzhao Chen Deyuan Wu Hefeng Luo Jinping Deng Chengquan Tan | 2023 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2023，14，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Short Group Signatures with Efficient Concurrent Join显示文摘Group signature schemes are fundamental cryptographic tools.A group signature scheme allows members of a group to anonymously sign messages.To counter misuse,the anonymity can be revoked by the group manager.The group joining operation is a critical component of group signature scheme,the framing attack can be prevented by group joining processes.This paper presents an efficient group signature scheme with a simple joining protocol that is based on a 'single message and signature response' interaction between the prospective user and the group manager.The security of our group signature is based on the Discrete Logarithm assumption and Decisional Linear DiffieHellman assumption.The formal security proof of our scheme is given in the random oracle model.Our scheme is also a very efficient short group signature scheme with efficient concurrent join. | CHEN Hefeng MA Wenping ZHANG Cheng SUN Changxia | 2014 | China Communications2014，11，11： | 0 |
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