|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 2006年第二次全国残疾人抽样调查主要数据公报显示文摘 | Leading Group of the Second China National Sample Survey on Disability, National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China | 2006 | 中国康复理论与实践2006，12，12： | 152 |
| 2 | 原发性肝癌诊疗规范(2011年版)显示文摘一、概述原发性肝癌(primarylivercancer,PLC,以下简称肝癌)是常见恶性肿瘤。由于起病隐匿,早期没有症状或症状不明显,进展迅速,确诊时大多数患者已经达到局部晚期或发生远处转移,治疗困难,预后很差,如果仅采取支持对症治疗,自然生存时问很短,严重地威胁人民群众的身体健康和生命安全。 | Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China | 2011 | 临床肝胆病杂志2011，27，11： | 491 |
| 3 | 中国进展期乳腺癌共识指南(CABC 2015)显示文摘在2013年出版的《首届中国进展期乳腺癌共识指南(草案)》(CABC1)的基础上,本指南进一步更新了进展期乳腺癌诊疗过程的一般原则、相关的定义、疗效的评估、不良反应的管理及不同治疗方法的基本策略等内容;专家组系统阅读国内外各种关于进展期乳腺癌的临床研究(包括回顾性的资料分析),整理并总结了各种相关指南,召开会议组织专家进行了多次讨论,将在循证医学基础上达成的专家共识整理成文,为从事乳腺癌专业的医生,尤其是以治疗进展期乳腺癌为主要专业的医生,提供参考。 | China Medical Women′s Association of Clinical Oncology | 2015 | 癌症进展2015，13，3： | 84 |
| 4 | 手足口病诊疗指南(2018年版)显示文摘手足口病(hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD)是由肠道病毒(enterovirus,EV)感染引起的一种儿童常见传染病,5岁以下儿童多发。手足口病是全球性疾病,我国各地全年均有发生,发病率为37.01/10万-205.06/10万,近年报告病死率在6.46/10万-51.00/10万之间。为进一步规范和加强手足口病的临床管理。 | National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China | 2018 | 中国病毒病杂志2018，8，5： | 162 |
| 5 | Magnetostratigraphy of the late Cenozoic Laojunmiao anticline in the northern Qilian Mountains and its implications for the northern Tibetan Plateau uplift显示文摘Cenozoic sediments in the foreland basin--Jiuquan Basin in west Hexi Corridor recorded tectonic uplift information of the Qilian Mountains. High resolution paleomagnetic dating of the Laojunmiao (LJM) section across the central LJM anticline in the southern Jiuquan Basin reveals ages of the Getanggou Member, Niugetao Member in the Shulehe Formation, the Yumen Conglomerate, Jiuquan Conglomerate and Gobi Formation at >13-8.3 Ma, 8.3-4.9 Ma, 3.66-0.93 Ma, 0.84-0.14 Ma and 0.14-0 Ma, respectively. Sedimentary evolution study suggests that the Qilian Mountains should begin to rise gradually since ~8-6.6 Ma, accompanied by sedimentary environments changing from lacustrine mudstones-sandstones to alluvial conglomerates. Rapid uplift of the Qilian Mountains began at ~3.66 Ma, followed by a series of stepwise or intermittent intensive uplifts at about <1.8-1.23 Ma, 0.93-0.84 Ma and 0.14 Ma, which finally resulted in the present high Qilian Mountains. | FANG Xiaomin1,2, ZHAO Zhijun3,2, LI Jijun2, YAN Maodu2, PAN Baotian2, SONG Chunhui2 & DAI Shuang2 1. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China 2. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education & College of Resources and Environment, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 3. College of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，7： | 61 |
| 6 | 登革热诊疗指南(2014年第2版)显示文摘登革热是由登革病毒引起的急性传染病,主要通过埃及伊蚊或白纹伊蚊叮咬传播。一、病原学登革病毒属黄病毒科黄病毒属。登革病毒颗粒呈球形,直径45~55nm。登革病毒共有4个血清型(DENV-1、DENV-2 DENV-3和DENV-4),4种血清型均可感染人,其中2型重症率及病死率均高于其他型。登革病毒对热敏感,56℃30分钟可灭活,但在4℃条件下其感染性可保持数周之久。 | National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Rupublic of China | 2014 | 传染病信息2014，27，5： | 77 |
| 7 | Oncofetal antigen glypican-3 as a promising early diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘BACKGROUND:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a multi-cause,multi-stage and multi-focus process of tumor progression.Its prognosis is poor and early diagnosis is of utmost importance.This study was undertaken to investigate the dynamic expression of oncofetal antigen glypican-3 (GPC-3) and GPC-3 mRNA in hepatocarcinogenesis and to explore their early diagnostic value for HCC.METHODS:A hepatoma model was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with 0.05% 2-fluorenylacetamide and confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) expression.Total RNA was purified and transcribed into cDNA by reverse transcription.Fragments of the GPC-3 gene were amplified by nested RT-PCR,and confirmed by sequencing.GPC-3 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry,Western blotting or ELISA.RESULTS:Positive GPC-3 expression showed as brown granule-like staining localized in the cytoplasm.Histological examination of hepatocytes revealed three morphological stages of granule-like degeneration,atypical hyperplasia (precancerous),and cancer formation,with a progressive increase of liver total RNA and GGT expression.The incidence of liver GPC-3 mRNA and GPC-3,and serum GPC-3 was 100%,100% and 77.8% in the HCC group,100%,100%,and 66.7% in the precancerous group,83.3%,83.3%,and 38.9% in the degeneration group,and no expression in the liver or blood of the control group,respectively.There was a positive correlation between liver GPC-3 mRNA and total RNA level (r=0.475,P<0.05) or liver GPC-3 (r=1.0,P<0.001) or serum GPC-3 (r= 0.994,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Abnormal oncofetal antigen GPC-3 and GPC-3 mRNA expression in hepatocarcinogenesis may be promising molecular markers for early diagnosis of HCC. | Research Center of Clinical Medicine,Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University,Nantong 226001,China (Yao M,Yao DF,Qiu LW,Wu W,Sai WL,Yang JL and Zhang HJ) Department of Oncology,Yancheng First People’s Hospital,Yancheng 224001,China (Bian YZ) Department of Oncology,Second Affiliated Hospital,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210011,China (Zhang CG) | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，3： | 51 |
| 8 | A randomized controlled clinical trial on the treatment of Thymosin-a1 versus interferon-α in patients with hepatitis B显示文摘INTRODUCTIONChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious problem because of its world wide distribution and possible adverse sequelae ,such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma .The World Health Organization estimates that HBV has infected mord than 350 million people worldwide ,and up to 20% of them will become chromic carricrs and will be at significant risk for cirrhosis and HCC .The ultimate goal of the therapy for chronic hepatitis B is to prevent progression to cirrhosis and to prevent development of HCC. | Jing You Lin Zhuang Bao Zhang Tang Wei Bo Yang Su Ying Ding Wu Li Rong Xue Wu Hong Li Zhang Yan Mei Zhang Shao Ming Yan Lu Zhang ~1Department of Infectious Diseases,The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College,Kunming 650032,Yunnan Province,China ~2Departrnent of Hepatology,Kunming Third Municipal People’s Hospital,Kunming 650041,Yunnan Province,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，3： | 48 |
| 9 | Characteristics of Obesity and Its Related Disorders in China显示文摘Obesity is a medical condition with excess body fat accumulation to the extent which leads to serious health consequences.Abdominal obesity,also known as central obesity,refers to the presence of excess fat in the abdominal area.Obesity,especially abdominal obesity,contributes to many metabolic disorders including metabolic syndrome (MetS),type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD).The incidence of obesity has increased dramatically in recent years worldwide.In China,more than one-third of adults are overweight or obese and 10%-20% of all adults are affected by MetS.The pathogenesis underlying the abdominal obesity remains unclear.The ultimate health outcome of obesity and its related metabolic disorders have prompted physicians to take aggressive treatments (lifestyle changes,pharmacological interventions and surgical therapies) before a serious consequence becomes clinically apparent.In this review,we discuss the prevalence,pathogenesis and clinic features of obesity in China. | WEI-PING JIA ,CHEN WANG,SHAN JIANG,AND JIE-MIN PAN Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism,Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Diabetes Institute,Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes,Shanghai 200233,China | 2010 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2010，23，1： | 46 |
| 10 | Chinese guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer2018(English version)显示文摘Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and is a major threat to women's health. Currently, with comprehensive treatment modalities, the outcomes of breast cancer are among the best of solid tumors. A set of Chinese guidelines and recommendations are developed to standardize the clinical practice, to ensure the quality and safety of medical service, and to ultimately improve the survival of breast cancer patients. | National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2019，31，2： | 50 |
| 11 | The effect of folic acid on the development of stomach and other gastrointestinal cancers显示文摘Objective To evaluate the roles of folic acid and β-carotene in the chemoprevention of gastric and other gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Methods In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, a total of 216 patients with atrophic gastritis were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: ①folate (FA, 20 mg per day plus vitamin B 12 1 mg, intramuscularly, per month for one year, then 20 mg two times a week plus 1 mg per three months for the next year); ②natural β-carotene (N-βC, 30 mg per day for first year, then 30mg two times a week for the next); ③synthetic β-carotene (S-βC, administered as in N-βC); and ④placebo. Follow-ups continued from 1994 to 2001. Results A total of 7 new cases of gastrointestinal cancers were diagnosed with 3 stomach, 1 colon and 1 esophageal cancers occurring in the placebo group; 1 stomach cancer in both of the N-βC and S-βC groups, and no cancer occurring in FA group. In terms of GI cancers, there was a significant reduction in the FA group, compared with the placebo group (P= 0.04). A similar trend was observed in both N-βC and S-βC groups (P=0.07-0.08). Taken together, the three intervention groups displayed a highly significant decrease in occurrence (P=0.004, vs placebo), and a lower risk for GI cancers (OR=0.12; 95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.51). For development of gastric cancer, any one of the three active-treated groups did not reach statistically significant reduction. The FA group showed obvious improvement of the gastric mucosal lesions with more patients displaying lesions reversed or stable atrophy and inflammation (P=0.04), reversed intestinal metaplasia (P=0.06) at the end of follow-up, and reversed displasia (P=0.017) at 12 months. Two cases of false jaundice were found in β-carotene groups with no influence on administration, and no side-effects were reported in FA group. Conclusions This trial revealed the interventional effect of folic acid on the development of GI cancers, a similar effect of β-carotene was also detected. Also, folic acid may be of use to treat atrophic gastritis by preventing or reversing the precancerous lesions. | 朱舜时 施尧 胡运彪 李蓉蓉 汪敏 周怡和 金冠球 谢宇野Shanghai Navy Hospital Shanghai 200081 China 邬桂泉 夏德凰Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital 钱珍华 宋海连Shanghai Traditional and Western Medical Integrated Hospital 屠伯强 张丽冬 萧树东 | 2003 | Chinese Medical Journal2003，，1： | 42 |
| 12 | Expression,deleton and mnutation of ρ16 gene in human gastric cancer显示文摘AIM To investigate the relationship between the expression of p16 gene and the gastric carcinogenesis,depth of invasion and lymph node metastases, and to evaluate the deletion and mutation of exon 2 in p16 gene in gastric carcinoma.METHODS The expression of P16 protein was examined by streptavidin-peroxidase conjugated method (S-P); the deletion and mutation of p16 gene were respectively examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis (PCR-SSCP) in gastric carcinoma.RESULTS Expression of P16 protein was detected in 96.25% (77/80) of the normal gastric mucosa, in 92.00% (45/50) of the dysplastic gastric mucosa and in 47.54% (58/122) of the gastric carcinoma. The positive rate of P16 protein expression in gastric carcinoma was significantly lower than that in normal gastric mucosa and dysplastic gastric mucosa (P<0.05). The positive rate of P16 protein expression in mucoid carcinoma 10.00% (1/ 10) was significantly lower than that in poorly differentiated carcinoma 51.22% ( 21/ 41 ),undifferentiated carcinoma 57.69% (15/26) and signet ring cell carcinoma 62.50% (10/ 16) (P<0.05). The positive rate of p16 protein in 30 cases paired primary and lymph node metastatic gastric carcinoma: There was 46.67% (14/30) in primary gastric carcinoma, 16.67% (5/30) in lymph node metastatic gastric carcinoma. The positive rate of lymph node metastatic carcinoma was significantly lower than that of primary carcinoma (P<0.05). There was of p16 gene mutation in exon 2, but 5 cases displayed deletion of p16 gene in exon 2 in the 25 primary gastric carcinomas.CONCLUSIONS The expression loss of P16 protein related to the gastric carcinogenesis, gastric carcinoma histopathological subtypes and lymph metastasis. The mutation of p16 gene in exon 2 may not be involved in gastric carcinogenesis. But the deletion of p16 gene in exon 2 may be involved in gastric carcinogenesis. | Xiu-Sheng He Qi Su Zhu-Chu Chen Xiu-Tao He Zhi-Feng Long Hui Ling Liang-Run Zhang Oncology Institute,Nanhua University,Hengyang 421001,Hunan Province,ChinaOncology Institute,Center South University,Changsha 410078,Hunan Province,China Department of Gastroenterology,First People’s Hospital of Changde City,Changde 415003,Hunan Province,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，4： | 40 |
| 13 | The vegetation and climate change during Neocene and Early Quaternary in Jiuxi Basin, China显示文摘Sporopollen record in the Laojunmiao Section at Yumen in the Hexi Corridor foreland depression at the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau revealed that during the period of 13.0―11.15 Ma the ecological environment of the Jiuxi Basin is characterized by steppe vegetation and a semi-moist climate. During 11.16―8.60 Ma prevailed forests of cypress and a still warmer, moister climate; steppe vegetation and dry climate began probably at about 8.6 Ma. Although aridification had been relaxed time and again during 8.40―6.93 Ma (forest-steppe, warm-semi-moist), 6.64―5.67 Ma (open-forest and steppe, warmer-semi-moist) and 5.42―4.96 Ma (steppe, semi-arid), the climate in the region became drier and drier in response to the fre- quent occurrence of aridity during 6.93―6.64 Ma (steppe, semi-arid), 5.67―5.42 Ma (de- sert-steppe, arid), 3.66―3.30 Ma (desert-steppe, arid) and 2.56―2.21 Ma (desert, arid). Perhaps the important findings of our study are the notable expansion of drought-enduring plants during 3.66―3.30 Ma and about 2.56 Ma and the replacement of vegetation by vast arid desert. | MA Yuzhen 1 , FANG Xiaomin 1,2 , LI Jijun 1 , WU Fuli 1 & ZHANG Jun 1 1. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems and College of Resources and Environment, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，5： | 31 |
| 14 | Effect of cholecystokinin on cytokines during endotoxic shock in rats显示文摘AIM To study the effect of cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) on systemic hypotension and cytokine production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxic shock (ES) rats.``METHODS The changes of blood pressure were observed using physiological record instrument in four groups of rats: LPS (8 mg. kg-1, iv) induced ES; CCK-8 (40 μg.kg- 1 iv) pretreatment 10 min before LPS (8 mg. kg- 1);CCK-8 (40 μg.kg-1, iv) or normal saline (control) groups.Differences in tissue and circulating specificity of the proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-l3 and IL-6) were assayed with ELISA kits.``RESULTS CCK-8 reversed LPS-induced decrease of mean artery blood pressure (MABP) in rats. Compared with control, LPS elevated the serum level of IL-6 significantly (3567_-687 ng.L-1 vs 128_+22 ng.L-1, P<0.01), while contents of TNF-a and IL- lβ elevated significantly (277 _± 86ng.L-1 vs not detectable and 43 ± 9 ng.L-1 vs notdetectable, P<0.01) but less extent than IL-6, CCK-8significantly inhibited the LPS-induced increase in serum TNF-a, IL-lβ and IL-6. LPS elevated spleen and lung content of IL-Iβ significantly (5184 ± 85 ng.L-1 vs 1047 ±21 ng.L-1 and 4050 ± 614 ng.L-1 vs not detectable,P<0,01). while levels of TNF-a and IL-6 also rosesignificantly but in less extent than IL-lβ. CCK-8 inhibited the LPS-induced increase of the cytokines in spleen and lung. in the heart, CCK-8 significantly inhibited LPS.induced increase of TNF-a (864 ± 123 ng. L-1 in CCK-8 +LPS group vs 1599_-227 ng-L-1 in LPS group, P<0.01),and IL-lβ (282 ± 93 ng-L-1 in CCK-8 + LPS group vs 621 ±145 ng.L-1 in LPS group, P<0.01).``CONCLUSION CCK-8 reverses ES, which may be relatedto its inhibitory effect on the overproduction of cytokines. | Yi-Ling Ling~1 Ai-Hong Meng~1 Xiao-Yun Zhao~1 Bao-En Shan~2 Jun-Lan Zhang~1 Xiao-Peng Zhang~3 1 Department of Pathophysiology,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050017,Hebei Province,China2 Research Center of Fourth Hospital,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050000,Hebei Province,China3 Department of Chest Surgery of Hebei Provincial People’s Hospital,Shijiazhuang 050000,Hebei Province,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，5： | 31 |
| 15 | New development thoughts on the bio-inspired intelligence based control for unmanned combat aerial vehicle显示文摘Bio-inspired intelligence is in the spotlight in the field of international artificial intelligence,and unmanned combat aerial vehicle(UCAV),owing to its potential to perform dangerous,repetitive tasks in remote and hazardous,is very promising for the technological leadership of the nation and essential for improving the security of society.On the basis of introduction of bioinspired intelligence and UCAV,a series of new development thoughts on UCAV control are proposed,including artificial brain based high-level autonomous control for UCAV,swarm intelligence based cooperative control for multiple UCAVs,hy-brid swarm intelligence and Bayesian network based situation assessment under complicated combating environments, bio-inspired hardware based high-level autonomous control for UCAV,and meta-heuristic intelligence based heterogeneous cooperative control for multiple UCAVs and unmanned combat ground vehicles(UCGVs).The exact realization of the proposed new development thoughts can enhance the effectiveness of combat,while provide a series of novel breakthroughs for the intelligence,integration and advancement of future UCAV systems. | DUAN HaiBin 1 ,SHAO Shan 2 ,SU BingWei 3 &ZHANG Lei 41 State Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Holistic Flight Control,School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing 100191,China 2 Flight Control Department,Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shenyang 110035,China 3 Beijing Institute of Near Space Vehicle’s System Engineering,Beijing 100076,China 4Integration and Project Section,Air Force Equipment Academy,Beijing 100085,China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，8： | 32 |
| 16 | 2005年全国治超工作要点显示文摘 | Issued by Ministry of Communications of the People′s Republic of China,T he Ministry of Public Security of the People′s Republic of China,National Development and Reform Comm ission,the Ministry of Propaganda of the CPC Central Committee,General Administration of Qu ality Supervision Inspection and Quarantine of the PRC,State Administration of Work Safety,State Administration for Industry & Commerce,China Legislative | 2005 | 交通标准化2005，，5： | 34 |
| 17 | Impact of postoperative omega-3 fatty acid-supplemented parenteral nutrition on clinical outcomes and immunomodulations in colorectal cancer patients显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of omega-3 fatty acid parenteral supplementation postoperatively on clinical outcomes and immunomodulation in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: Forty-two patients undergoing radical colorectal cancer resection with an indication for total parenteral nutrition postoperatively were enrolled in this prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled study. Patients received total parenteral nutrition supplemented with either soybean oil (LCT; Intralipid, Fresenius-Kabi, SO group, n = 21) or a combination of omega-3 fish oil and soybean oil (LCT:fish oil = 5:1, fish oil; Omegaven, Fresenius-Kabi, FO group, n = 21), up to a total of 1.2 g lipid/kg per day for 7 d postoperatively. A same volume calorie and nitrogen was administrated. Routine blood test, biochemistry, systemic levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, percentage of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ lymphocytes were evaluated preoperatively and on postoperative d 1 and 8. Patient outcome was evaluated considering mortality during the hospital stay, length of postoperative hospital stay, and occurrence of infectious complications. RESULTS: Both lipid regimens were well tolerated. No differences between the two groups were noticed in demographics, baseline blood test, biochemistry, serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, percentage of CD4+, CD8+ lymphocytes, and ratios of CD4+/CD8+. Compared with those on postoperative d 1, serum IL-6 levels onpostoperative d 8 were significantly depressed in the FO group than in the reference group (-44.43 ± 30.53 vs -8.39 ± 69.08, P = 0.039). Simultaneously, the ratios of CD4+/CD8+ were significantly increased in the FO group (0.92 ± 0.62 vs 0.25 ± 1.22, P = 0.035). In addition, depression of serum TNF-α levels (-0.82 ± 2.71 vs 0.27 ± 1.67, P = 0.125) and elevation of CD3+ and CD4+ lymphocyte percentage (12.85 ± 11.61 vs 3.84 ± 19.62, P = 0.081, 17.80 ± 10.86 vs 9.66 ± 17.55, P = 0.084, respectively) were higher in the FO group than in the reference group. Patients in the FO group trended to need a shorter postoperative hospital stay (17.45 ± 4.80 d vs 19.62 ± 5.59 d, P = 0.19). No statistically significant difference was found when stratified to mortality and occurrence of infectious complications. CONCLUSION: Postoperative supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids may have a favorable effect on the outcomes in colorectal cancer patients undergoing radical resection by lowering the magnitude of inflammatory responses and modulating the immune response. | Bin Liang, Shan Wang, Ying-Jiang Ye, Xiao-Dong Yang, You-Li Wang, Jun Qu, Qi-Wei Xie, Mu-Jun Yin, Division of Surgical Oncology and Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China Author contributions: Liang B and Wang S contributed equally to this work Liang B and Wang S designed the research Liang B, Ye YJ, Yang XD, Wang YL, Qu J, Xie QW, Yin MJ performed the research and collected the data Wang S and Ye YJ supervised the research Liang B and Ye YJ analyzed the data Liang B wrote the paper and revised the manuscript. | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，15： | 31 |
| 18 | 企业经营者对企业家精神的认识与评价——2009年中国企业经营者成长与发展专题调查报告显示文摘调查发现,大多数企业经营者重视创新,善于把握市场机会,而在冒险和挑战意识方面的自我评价相对较低。对企业家精神自我评价越高者,对企业家这一职业角色的认同度越高,勇于承担风险和不断创新的意识越强,更乐于主动捕捉市场机会、拓展外部空间,对未来经济走势的判断更具前瞻性;同时,对其所在企业的现状更为满意,企业的诚信度、综合绩效相对较好。调查表明,外部环境对企业家精神有较大影响,尤其是快速的技术变化和行业增长,对企业家精神影响最为显著,特别是对企业家创新意识和冒险意识的提高有较大的促进作用。此外,政府职能转变、知识产权保护和人力资源环境,对企业家精神的影响也较为明显。 | the Survey System of China’s Enterprisers | 2009 | 管理世界2009，25，6： | 31 |
| 19 | Draining Tangjiashan Barrier Lake after Wenchuan Earthquake and the flood propagation after the dam break显示文摘Tangjiashan Barrier Lake is one of the largest barrier lakes caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake. Its risk analysis, emergency plan and effect of the emergency plan are introduced in this paper. The dam height of Tangjiashan Barrier Dam is about 105 m, and the reservoir storage capacity is 3.2×108 m3. When the dam broke the flood peak were estimated to be larger than 48000 m3/s, which might cause a enormous disaster to the downstream cities and residents. A discharge channel with 13 m deep and 8 m wide was drug, so that the water may flow out of the lake before the dam breaks. As a result, the drainage and risk mitigation project are successful. During the drainage process, the flood peak was about 6500 m3/s, and about 1.6×108 m3 of water was drained off and the residual reservoir capacity was only 8.97×107 m3. A new channel with average width 100 m was formed, which can bear floods of 200 years frequency. The successful experience and the collected data can be used to deal with the similar natural disasters in future. | LIU Ning1, ZHANG JianXin2, LIN Wei3, CHENG WuYI4 & CHEN ZuYu5 1 Ministry of Water Resources of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing 100053, China 2 Bureau of Hydrology of the Ministry of Water Resources of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing 100053, China 3 Sichuan Hydrographic and Water Resources Survey Bureau Chengdu 610031, China 4 HydroChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation, Chengdu 610072, China 5 China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100044, China | 2009 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2009，52，4： | 29 |
| 20 | 医院管理评价指南(试行)显示文摘为指导各级卫生行政部门加强对医院的管理,科学、客观、准确地评价医院,促进医院加强内涵建设, 不断提高医院管理水平,推动'医院管理年'活动的开展,更好地为人民健康服务,为社会主义现现代化建设服务, 卫生部组织制定并颁发了《医院管理评价指南(试行)》,本刊全文刊出,供各级各类医院贯彻执行。 | Ministry of Health People’s Republic of China | 2005 | 中国医院2005，9，4： | 30 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员