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| 1 | Soil aggregation and aggregate associated organic carbon and total nitrogen under long-term contrasting soil management regimes in loess soil显示文摘This study investigated the effects of three contrasting soil management regimes and different nutrient treatments on the distribution of water-stable aggregates(>2, 1–2, 0.5–1, 0.25–0.5, and <0.25 mm) and associated soil organic carbon(SOC) and total nitrogen(TN) content in loess soil. A 21-yr long-term experiment was performed, in which soil management regimes include cropland abandonment(Abandonment), bare fallow(Fallow) and wheat-fallow cropping(Cropping). Under Cropping, the following nutrient treatments were employed: control(CK, no nutrient input), nitrogen only(N), nitrogen and potassium(NK), phosphorus and potassium(PK), NP, NPK, and manure(M) plus NPK(MNPK). Results demonstrated that Abandonment significantly increased the content of soil macro-aggregates(>0.25 mm) and mean weight diameter(MWD) at 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil horizons compared with Cropping, whereas Fallow yielded lower values of above two parameters. Abandonment increased SOC and TN contents in all aggregate sizes by 17–62% and 6–60%, respectively, at 0–10 cm soil layer compared with Cropping. Conversely, Fallow decreased SOC and TN contents in all aggregates by 7–27% and 7–25%, respectively. Nevertheless, the three soil management regimes presented similar SOC contents in all aggregates at 10–20 cm soil horizon. Only Cropping showed higher TN content in >0.5 mm aggregates than the two other regimes. Consequently, Abandonment enhanced the partitioning proportions of SOC and TN in >1 mm macro-aggregates, and Fallow promoted these proportions in micro-aggregates compared with Cropping. Under Cropping, long-term fertilization did not affect the distribution of aggregates and MWD values compared with those under CK, except for NPK treatment. Fertilizer treatments enhanced SOC and TN contents in aggregates at all tested soil depths. However, fertilization did not affect the partitioning proportions of SOC and TN contents in all aggregates compared with CK. Comprehensive results showed that different soil management regimes generated varied patterns of SOC and TN sequestration in loess soil. Abandonment enhanced soil aggregation and sequestered high amounts of SOC and TN in macro-aggregates. Long-term amendment of organic manure integrated with NPK maintained soil aggregate stability and improved SOC and TN sequestration in all aggregates in loess soil subjected to dryland farming. | XIE Jun-yu XU Ming-gang Qiangjiu Ciren YANG Yang ZHANG Shu-lan SUN Ben-hua YANG Xue-yun | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，12： | 14 |
| 2 | Effect of 5-FU on modulation of disarrangement of immune-associated cytokines in experimental acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) on modulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in acute pancreatitis and the mechanism of it in the treatment of acute pancreatitis.METHODS: Male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned to 3 Groups: Group A, sham operated rats as controls (n=7); Group B, acute pancreatitis induced by ductal injection with 5% sodium cholate at a volume of 1.0 mL/kg without any other treatment; Group C, after the pancreatitis was induced as in Group B, the rats were injected intravenously with 5-FU 40 mg/kg. The animals in Groups B and C were killed at 2, 6 and 24 h after operation (n=7), and blood samples were taken for measurement of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (by bioas-say), and interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) (by ELISA). The wet weight of pancreatic tissue, serum amylase levels and white blood cells were also measured.RESULTS: Four rats in Group B and one in Group C died after pancreatitis was induced. Both pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6) at the 2 and 6 h period and the anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β) at 24 h increased signif icantly (P<0.05) in rats of Group B. After treatment with 5-FU, TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 in serum of rats of Group C were inhibited at 2 and 6 h after operation (P<0.05), and IL-10, TGF-β were inhibited at 24 h compared to Group B (P<0.05). Obvious improvements in the severity of the acute pancreatitis, including the amylase levels, wet weight of pancreatic tissue and neutrophil counts, were also observed after treatment with 5-FU.CONCLUSION: 5-FU is an anti-metabolic and immu-nosuppressive agent which can minimize the abnormal immune cytokine response and relieve the pathophysiological disorders associated with experimental acute pancreatitis. | Xiao-Li Chen Sang-Zhu Ciren Hui Zhang Li-Geng Duan Alexander J Wesley | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，16： | 10 |
| 3 | Closing the nitrogen use efficiency gap and reducing the environmental impact of wheat-maize cropping on smallholder farms in the Guanzhong Plain,Northwest China显示文摘A high crop yield with the minimum possible cost to the environment is generally desirable.However,the complicated relationships among crop production,nitrogen(N) use efficiency and environmental impacts must be clearly assessed.We conducted a series of on-farm N application rate experiments to establish the linkage between crop yield and N_2 O emissions in the Guanzhong Plain in Northwest China.We also examined crop yield,partial factor productivity of applied N(PFPN) and reactive N(Nr) losses through a survey of 1 529 and 1 497 smallholder farms that grow wheat and maize,respectively,in the region.The optimum N rates were 175 and 214 kg ha^(-1) for winter wheat and summer maize,respectively,thereby achieving the yields of 6 799 and 7 518 kg ha^(-1),correspondingly,with low N_2 O emissions based on on-farm N rate experiments.Among the smallholder farms,the average N application rates were 215 and 294 kg ha^(-1) season^(-1),thus producing 6 490 and 6 220 kg ha^(-1) of wheat and maize,respectively.The corresponding PFPN values for the two crops were 36.8 and 21.2 kg N kg^(-1),and the total N_2 O emissions were 1.50 and 3.88 kg ha^(-1),respectively.High N balance,large Nr losses and elevated N_2 O emissions could be explained by the overdoses of N application and low grain yields under the current farming practice.The crop yields,N application rates,PFPN and total N_2 O for wheat and maize were 18 and 24% higher,42 and 37% less,75 and 116% higher,and 42 and 47% less,correspondingly,in the high-yield and high-PFPN group than in the average smallholder farms.In conclusion,closing the PFPN gap between the current average and the value for the high-yield and high-PFPN group would increase crop production and reduce Nr losses or the total N_2 O emissions for the investigated cropping system in Northwest China. | Lü Feng-lian HOU Miao-miao ZHANG Hong-tao Asif Khan Muhammad Ayaz QIANGJIU Ciren HU Chang-lu YANG Xue-yun SUN Ben-hua ZHANG Shu-lan | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，1： | 5 |
| 4 | Land use dynamics in Lhasa area, Tibetan Plateau显示文摘陆地使用变化是在社会经济、机构、环境的因素之间的相互影响的结果,并且在为可持续性,食物安全,生物多样性和对全球变化影响的人和生态系统的危险与重要折衷社会经济、环境的系统工作上有重要影响。在在1980年代末执行的西藏自治区域基于第一陆地使用调查的结果,在 1990 的拉萨区域的陆地使用地图用在4月获得的天线相片在拉萨山谷为主要农业区域被编,在1980年代末的5月和1991年10月和 Landsat 形象并且 1991 作为遥远地察觉到的数据采购原料。用这些遥远地察觉到的数据,在 1991, 1992, 1993, 1995, 1999 和 2000 的拉萨区域的陆地使用地位通过等等更新栽培土地,人工的森林,种的草,草地恢复,和居住区域的年度变化被印射。为在 2007 的拉萨区域的陆地使用地图用在 10 月 24 日获得的 ALOS AVNIR-2 合成图象被做,通过更新的 2007 年 12 月 26 日主要陆地使用类型变化。根据在 1990, 1995, 2000 和 2007 的拉萨区域的陆地使用地位,在从 1990 ~ 2007 的拉萨区域的空间、时间的陆地使用动力学进一步在这份报纸用 GIS 空间模型被分析。 | CHU DUO ZHANG Yili BIANBA Ciren LIU Linshan | 2010 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2010，20，6： | 5 |
| 5 | Phylogenetic identification and microbial diversity in snow of the summit (8201m) of Cho Oyu Mountain,Tibet显示文摘The bacterial diversity and abundance in snow of the summit(8201 m) of Cho Oyu mountain,Tibet,were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing followed by scanning electronic microscopy analysis.Most of bacteria were found to be of spherical or oval shape(>95%).Bacterial 16S rDNA sequences were classified into 5 genera(Caulobacter,Ralstonia,Cupriavidus,Pelomonas and Pseudomonas).Gammaproteobacteria were the most abundant(91.25%) among the library that consists of 594 clones.The sequences found in this study are highly similar to those previously retrieved from other cold en-vironments,such as ice core,sea ice,permafrost and snow.The results showed that the cold and barren environments strongly influence the survival of bacteria.The high similarity among sequences retrieved from snow sample and other places,such as ocean,soil and water,suggested that the bacteria in snow,soil and water environments have the same origin. | TONG XiaoMei CHEN Fang YU Jun HUA Sang ASAN Ciren LUOSANG JiangBai WANG Wei YU Liang ZHENG XiaoGuang WANG Jian | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，21： | 3 |
| 6 | Association of CD14/-260 polymorphism with gastric cancer risk in Highland Tibetans显示文摘AIM:To investigate the relationship between CD14-260and-651 polymorphisms and the risk of developing gastric cancer.METHODS:DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples obtained from 225 Tibetans with gastric cancer and 237 healthy Tibetans,and analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction/ligase detection(PCR/LDR)method to determine the genotypes at-260 and-651loci of the CD14 promoter.The allele frequencies,genotype frequencies,and haplotypes were analyzed for their association with gastric cancer risk using online SHEsis software.The luciferase reporter assay and point mutation analysis were used to construct in vitro plasmids expressing a C/T homozygote at the-260 lo-cus of the CD14 promoter.RESULTS:The frequencies of CC,CT and TT genotypes in the CD14-260 C/T locus in gastric cancer patients were 19.1%,38.7%and 42.2%,respectively,whereas they were 33.3%,32.5%and 34.2%,respectively,in healthy control subjects.CT genotype carriers were more frequently found among gastric cancer patients than healthy controls(OR=2.076;95%CI:1.282-3.360).Also,TT genotype carriers were more frequently found among gastric cancer patients(OR=2.155;95%CI:1.340-3.466).Compared to the C allele of CD14/-260,the T allele was associated with an increased risk for gastric cancer(OR=1.574;95%CI:1.121-2.045).Furthermore,the frequencies of CC,CT and TT in the CD14-651 C/T locus in gastric cancer patients were 64.4%,29.3%and 6.2%,respectively,while they were 56.5%,35.0%and 8.4%,respectively,in the healthy control subjects(P>0.05).Data obtained using the luciferase reporter assay showed that the p260T homozygote was associated with greater CD14 promoter activity(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:CD14/-260 polymorphism is associated with gastric cancer risk in Highland Tibetans and affects CD14 promoter activity,thereby regulating CD14expression. | Kang Li Zeng Dan Xue-Jun Hu Luo-Bu Gesang Yong-Ge Ze Zha-Xi Bianba Cuo-Mu Ciren Yu-Qiang Nie | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，10： | 3 |
| 7 | Study on daily surface evapotranspiration with SEBS in Tibet Autonomous Region显示文摘有卫星数据集的表面土壤水分蒸发蒸腾损失总量(et ) 的评价是在气候变化,灾难在西藏自治区域(tar ) 监视和水蒸汽和精力的发行量的理解的主要题目之一。这研究在1月11日选择卫星图象,在 2010 的4月6日,7月31日和象冬季,春天,夏天和秋天的代表的10月19日分别地,与潜在的土壤水分蒸发蒸腾损失总量(宠物)和从 Penman-Monteith (下午)方法导出的 et 一起基于表面精力平衡系统( SEBS )估计每日的表面 et 的分发。结果如下被获得。(1 ) et 和宠物的季节的分发基本上从东南部分减少到焦油的西北部分。尽管 et 和宠物有类似的空间分布,仍然有一些差别估计极端特别在焦油的中间、东南的部分珍视最大的价值。不管我们采用了什么样的方法, et 和宠物的最大的价值总是出现在夏天,当那在冬季是最小的时,由秋天或春天列在后面。(2 ) 在 et 的评价当模特儿以便更好理解 SEBS 的精确性,我们从从下午方法获得的 SEBS 和 ET 比较了 ET。结果证明从 SEBS 的 ET 能估计实际 et 的变化趋势,但是它稍微总体上低估或过高估计 et 的价值,特别为有厚森林的那些区域。(3 ) 规范的差别植被索引(NDVI ) 的空间分发从东南部分展出一个减少的趋势到显示在 et 和植被索引之间的分布的显著一致性的 tar 的西北部分。当时, et 与在不同季节的 NDVI,最小,平均数,最大的空气温度和阳光持续时间有关断然好否定地在夏天与降水,相对湿度和风有关加速。 | ZHUO Ga LA Ba PUBU Ciren LUO Bu | 2014 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2014，24，1： | 3 |
| 8 | Two-year measurements of surface ozone at Dangxiong,a remote highland site in the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Measurements of surface O3 and carbon monoxide(CO) were made from September 2009 to August 2011 at Dangxiong(30.48°N, 91.10°E, 4187 m a.s.l.), a remote highland site in a southern valley of the Nyainqêntanglha Mountains in the Tibetan Plateau, China. The monthly mean O3 mixing ratio ranged from 29.1 to 51.4 ppb, with an average of 38.5 ppb, and the maximum value was observed in May. The average diurnal cycle of O3 concentration showed a minimum in early morning and a maximum in the afternoon, with a broader 'high platform' from the late morning to the late afternoon, and resembled that of surface wind speed. The concentration of surface O3 was highly significantly correlated with tropospheric column O3 over the regions surrounding Dangxiong and with that of surface O3 observed at a site north of the Nyainqêntanglha Mountains, suggesting a good regional representativeness of surface O3 at Dangxiong. In the afternoon when stronger winds blew, surface air showed distinct features of free-atmospheric air, with higher O3, lower CO, and lower relative humidity(RH). The negative O3–CO and O3–RH correlations in most months indicate a significant influence of air masses from the free troposphere. Trajectory analysis suggests that air masses originating from the south of the site make a negative net contribution to surface O3 and a positive contribution to CO and humidity, and those from the northwest sector contribute conversely to the respective quantities. | Weili Lin Xiaobin Xu Xiangdong Zheng Jaxi Dawa Ciren Baima Jin Ma | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，5： | 1 |
| 9 | First report of Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in Tibetan pigs in Tibet, China 显示文摘 | WU S M CIREN D HUANG S Y | 2012 | Vector Borne Zoonotie Dis2012，12，8： | 1 |
| 10 | The current municipal solid waste management situation in Tibet显示文摘 | Jiang J G Lou Z Y Ng S Ciren L Ji D | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 11 | First report of Toxoplasma gondii prevalence in Tibetan pigs in Tibet,China显示文摘 | Wu S Ciren D Huang SY | 2012 | Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis2012，12，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Measurements of solar ultraviolet radiation on the Tibetan Plateau and comparisons with discrete ordinate method simulations 显示文摘 | Pubu Ciren Y Gjessing F Sigernes | 1999 | Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics1999，61，： | 1 |
| 13 | Cardiac involvement in in-flammatory bowel disease : role of acylcamitine esters 显示文摘 | Danese C Cirene M Colotto M | 2011 | ClinTer2011，162，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Testing post-launch calibration for the AVHRR sensor on world desert targets during 1985 - 1993 显示文摘 | KOGAN F N SULLIVAN J T PU BU CIREN | 1996 | Adv Space Res1996，17，1： | 1 |
| 15 | GOES Aerosol/ Smoke Product(GASP) over North America: Comparisons to AERONER and MODIS Observations显示文摘 | Prados A I Kondragunta S Ciren P | 2007 | Journal of Geo physical Research2007，112，15： | 1 |
| 16 | The PANDAT Software Pack- age and Its Applications Original Research Article 显示文摘 | Ciren S L Daniel S Zhang F | 2002 | Calphad2002，，26： | 1 |
| 17 | Remote sensing of aerosol and radiation from geostationary satellites 显示文摘 | Laszlo I Ciren P Liu Hongqing et ol | 2008 | Advances in Space Research2008，41，： | 1 |
| 18 | 1166C polymorphism of the angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor gene and essential hypertension in Han,Tibetan and Yi Populations显示文摘 | A Ying LIU Ciren ZHUOMA Guangliang SHAN | 2002 | Hypertens Res2002，25，： | 1 |
| 19 | zangchuan fojiao chuantong siyuan neibu guardi moshi ji tezheng:yi gelu,sajia,gaju sanpai weili(The Internal Management Pattern and Characteristics of Tibetan Buddhist Temple:Taking the Three Schools of Gelng,Sakya,Kagyu as an Example)显示文摘 | Dabao Ciren | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 20 | First report of Tojcoplasma gondi prevalence in Tibetan pigs in Ti- bet * China 显示文摘 | Wu S M Ciren D B Huang S Y | 2012 | Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis2012，12，8： | 1 |
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