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| 1 | Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome显示文摘Human intestinal microbiota create a complex polymi-crobial ecology. This is characterised by its high population density, wide diversity and complexity of interaction. Any dysbalance of this complex intestinal microbiome, both qualitative and quantitative, might have serious health consequence for a macro-organism, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO).SIBO is defined as an increase in the number and/or alteration in the type of bacteria in the upper gastro-intestinal tract. There are several endogenous defence mechanisms for preventing bacterial overgrowth: gastric acid secretion, intestinal motility, intact ileo-caecal valve, immunoglobulins within intestinal secretion and bacte-riostatic properties of pancreatic and biliary secretion. Aetiology of SIBO is usually complex, associated with disorders of protective antibacterial mechanisms (e.g. achlorhydria, pancreatic exocrine insuff iciency, immuno-deficiency syndromes), anatomical abnormalities (e.g. small intestinal obstruction, diverticula, f istulae, surgical blind loop, previous ileo-caecal resections) and/or motility disorders (e.g. scleroderma, autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus, post-radiation enteropathy, small intestinal pseudo-obstruction). In some patients more than one factor may be involved. Symptoms related to SIBO are bloating, diarrhoea, malabsorption, weight loss and malnutrition. The gold standard for diagnosing SIBO is still microbial investigation of jejunal aspirates. Noninvasive hydrogen and methane breath tests are most commonly used for the diagnosis of SIBO using glucose or lactulose. Therapy for SIBO must be com-plex, addressing all causes, symptoms and complica-tions, and fully individualised. It should include treatment of the underlying disease, nutritional support and cyclical gastro-intestinal selective antibiotics. Prognosis is usually serious, determined mostly by the underlying disease that led to SIBO. | Jan Bures Jiri Cyrany Darina Kohoutova Miroslav Frstl Stanislav Rejchrt Jaroslav Kvetina Viktor Vorisek Marcela Kopacova | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，24： | 52 |
| 2 | Buried bumper syndrome:A complication of percutaneousendoscopic gastrostomy显示文摘Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG) is a widely used method of nutrition delivery for patients with longterm insufficiency of oral intake. The PEG complication rate varies from 0.4% to 22.5% of cases, with minor complications being three times more frequent. Buried bumper syndrome(BBS) is a severe complication of this method, in which the internal fixation device migrates alongside the tract of the stoma outside the stomach. Excessive compression of tissue between the external and internal fixation device of the gastrostomy tube is considered the main etiological factor leading to BBS. Incidence of BBS is estimated at around 1%(0.3%-2.4%). Inability to insert, loss of patency and leakage around the PEG tube are considered to be a typical symptomatic triad. Gastroscopy is indicated in all cases in which BBS is suspected. The depth of disc migration in relation to the lamina muscularis propria of the stomach is critical for further therapy and can be estimated by endoscopic or transabdominal ultrasound. BBS can be complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation, peritonitis, intra-abdominal and abdominal wall abscesses, or phlegmon, and these complications can lead to fatal outcomes. The most important preventive measure is adequate positioning of the external bolster. A conservative approach should be applied only in patients with high operative risk and dismal prognosis. Choice of the method of release is based on the type of the PEG set and depth of disc migration. A disc retained inside the stomach and completely covered by the overgrowing tissue can be released using some type of endoscopic dissection technique(needle knife, argon plasma coagulation, or papillotome through the cannula). Proper patient selection and dissection of the overgrowing tissue are the major determinants for successful endoscopic therapy. A disc localized out of the stomach(lamina muscularis propria) should be treated by a surgeon. | Jiri Cyrany Stanislav Rejchrt Marcela Kopacova Jan Bures | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，2： | 9 |
| 3 | Longitudinal molecular characterization of endoscopic specimens from colorectal lesions显示文摘AIM: To compare molecular profiles of proximal colon, distal colon and rectum in large adenomas, early and late carcinomas. To assess feasibility of testing directed at molecular markers from this study in routine clinical practice. METHODS: A prospective 3-year study has resulted in the acquisition of samples from 159 large adenomas and 138 carcinomas along with associated clinical parameters including localization, grade and histological type for adenomas and localization and stage for carcinomas. A complex molecular phenotyping has been performed using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification technique for the evaluation of Cp G-islandmethylator phenotype(CIMP), PCR fragment analysis for detection of microsatellite instability and denaturing capillary electrophoresis for sensitive detection of somatic mutations in KRAS, BRAF, TP53 and APC genes.RESULTS: Molecular types according to previously introduced Jass classification have been evaluated for large adenomas and early and late carcinomas. An increase in CIMP+ type, eventually accompanied with KRAS mutations, was notable between large adenomas and early carcinomas. As expected, the longitudinal observations revealed a correlation of the CIMP+/BRAF + type with proximal location. CONCLUSION: Prospective molecular classification of tissue specimens is feasible in routine endoscopy practice. Increased frequency of some molecular types corresponds to the developmental stages of colorectal tumors. As expected, a clear distinction is notable for tumors located in proximal colon supposedly arising from the serrated(methylation) pathway. | Petra Minarikova Lucie Benesova Tereza Halkova Barbora Belsanova Stepan Suchanek Jiri Cyrany Inna Tuckova Jan Bures Miroslav Zavoral Marek Minarik | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，20： | 2 |
| 4 | Cronkhite-Canada syn-drome :review of the literature 显示文摘 | KopdcoCvd M Urban 0 Cyrany J | 2013 | Gastroenterol Res Pract2013，2013，85： | 1 |
| 5 | Trimodality imaging of colonic lymphoma显示文摘 | J. Cyrany M. Pintér V. Ty?ová J. Krejsek D. Belada S. Rejchrt J. Bure? | 2009 | Endoscopy (S )2009，，02： | 1 |
| 6 | Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome显示文摘 | Bures J Cyrany J Kohoutova D | 2010 | World J Gastroenterol2010，16，24： | 1 |
| 7 | Cronkhite-Cana- da Syndrome: Review of the Literature 显示文摘 | Kopacova M Urban O Cyrany J | 2013 | Gastroenterol Res Pract2013，2013，85： | 1 |
| 8 | Pneumatosis cystoides in- testinalis显示文摘 | Cyrany J Kopacova M Rejchrt S | 2012 | Acta Endosc2012，41，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Cronkhite-Canada syn- drome: review of the literature 显示文摘 | Kopacova M Urban O Cyrany J | 2013 | Gastroenterol Res Pract2013，2013，85： | 1 |
| 10 | Bacteriocinogeny in experimental pigs treated with indomethacin and Escherichia coli Nissle显示文摘AIM:To evaluate bacteriocinogeny in short-term highdose indomethacin administration with or without probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917(EcN) in experimental pigs.METHODS:Twenty-four pigs entered the study:Group A(controls),Group B(probiotics alone),Group C(indomethacin alone) and Group D(probiotics and indomethacin).EcN(3.5 × 1010 bacteria/d for 14 d) and/or indomethacin(15 mg/kg per day for 10 d) were administrated orally.Anal smears before and smears from the small and large intestine were taken from all animals.Bacteriocin production was determined with 6 different indicator strains;all strains were polymerase chain reaction tested for the presence of 29 individual bacteriocinencoding determinants.RESULTS:The general microbiota profile was rather uniform in all animals but there was a broad diversity in coliform bacteria(parallel genotypes A,B1,B2 and D found).In total,637 bacterial strains were tested,mostly Escherichia coli(E.coli).There was a higher incidence of non-E.coli strains among samples taken from the jejunum and ileum compared to that of the colon and rectum indicating predominance of E.coli strains in the large intestine.Bacteriocinogeny was found in 24/77(31%) before and in 155/560(28%) isolated bacteria at the end of the study.Altogether,13 individual bacteriocin types(out of 29 tested) were identified among investigated strains.Incidence of four E.coli genotypes was equally distributed in all groups of E.coli strains,with majority of genotype A(ranging from 81% to 88%).The following types of bacteriocins were most commonly revealed:colicins Ia/Ib(44%),microcin V(18%),colicin E1(16%) and microcin H47(6%).There was a difference in bacteriocinogeny between control group A(52/149,35%) and groups with treatment at the end of the study:B:31/122(25%,P = 0.120);C:43/155(28%,P = 0.222);D:29/134(22%,P = 0.020).There was a significantly lower prevalence of colicin Ib,microcins H47 and V(probiotics group,P < 0.001),colicin E1 and microcin H47(indomethacin group,P < 0.001) and microcins H47 and V(probiotics and indomethacin group,P = 0.025) compared to controls.Escherichia fergusonii(E.fergusonii) was identified in 6 animals(6/11 isolates from the rectum).One strain was non-colicinogenic,while all other strains of E.fergusonii solely produced colicin E1.All animals started and remained methanogenic despite the fact that EcN is a substantial hydrogen producer.There was an increase in breath methane(after the treatment) in 5/6 pigs from the indomethacin group(C).CONCLUSION:EcN did not exert long-term liveability in the porcine intestine.All experimental pigs remained methanogenic.Indomethacin and EcN administered together might produce the worst impact on bacteriocinogeny. | Jan Bures David Smajs Jaroslav Kvetina Miroslav Frstl Jan Smarda Darina Kohoutova Martin Kunes Jiri Cyrany Ilja Tacheci Stanislav Rejchrt Jirina Lesna Viktor Vorisek Marcela Kopacova | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，5： | 0 |
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