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| 1 | Etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of neovascular glaucoma显示文摘Neovascular glaucoma is defined as iris and/or anterior chamber angle neovascularization associated with increased intraocular pressure. It is a secondary glaucoma that is most frequently caused by severe retinal ischemia. The most common diseases responsible for the development of neovascular glaucoma are diabetic retinopathy, ischemic central retinal vein occlusion,and ocular ischemic syndrome. Uncommon causes include ocular radiation, ocular tumors, uveitis and other miscellaneous conditions. Vascular endothelial growth factor is an important and likely predominant agent involved in the pathogenesis of intraocular neovascularization and neovascular glaucoma. The evolution of clinical and histopathological changes from predisposing conditions to the occurrence of rubeosis iridis and neovascular glaucoma is divided into four stages: prerubeosis, preglaucoma, open angle glaucoma, and angle-closure glaucoma. | Dan Calugaru Mihai Calugaru | 2022 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2022，15，6： | 4 |
| 2 | Ocular hypertension in patients with central/hemicentral retinal vein occlusions: cumulative prevalence and management显示文摘● AIM: To prospectively evaluate the cumulative prevalence and the management of ocular hypertension(OH) in patients with unilateral acute central/hemicentral retinal vein occlusions(C/HCRVOs) over the course of 3 y.● METHODS: The study included 57 patients with unilateral acute C/HCRVOs. All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination of both eyes. OH associated with C/HCRVO in patients showing a score >5% for the risk of conversion to primary open angle glaucoma(POAG) was treated with OH medication. The treatment aimed for a decrease in intraocular pressure(IOP) to <21 mm Hg with a >22% reduction from the initial values. The cumulative prevalence of OH and the effectiveness of treatment assessed by the cumulative prevalence of conversion from OH to POAG, were estimated.● RESULTS: Fifteen patients had OH associated with C/HCRVOs, the cumulative prevalence of OH was 29.4%(95% confidence interval, 16.9-41.9). The mean value of the risk score of OH conversion to POAG for the 5 subsequent years was 11.7%±5.4%. The IOP significantly decreased from 25.67±2.16 mm Hg to 18.73±2.96 mm Hg. None of the OH patients converted to POAG during the follow-up period. ● CONCLUSION: The increased cumulative prevalence of OH in C/HCRVO patients indicates that OH is a risk factor for the appearance of venous occlusion. Patients with OH associated with C/HCRVO must be considered to be at high risk for conversion to POAG. Treatment with OH medications prevented conversion to POAG during the 3-year follow-up. | Dan Calugaru Mihai Calugaru Stefan Talu | 2018 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2018，11，7： | 2 |
| 3 | Comment on 'Intravitreal dexamethasone implants for diabetic macular edema'显示文摘Dear Editor,We would like to address several issues with the study of Pareja-Rios et al[1].The study was retrospectively conducted and 3mo of treatment with laser or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents mean a period of time too short to label a patient as nonresponder to these therapies. | Dan Calugaru Mihai Calugaru | 2018 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2018，11，12： | 1 |
| 4 | Comment on “Anatomical and functional changes after dexamethasone implant and ranibizumab in diabetic macular edema:a retrospective cohort study”显示文摘Dear Editor,The study by Mastropasqua et al[1]evaluated the efficacy and safety of ranibizumab(Lucentis;Genentech,Inc.,South San Francisco,CA,USA;RBZ group)and dexamethasone implant(Ozurdex;Allergan Irvine.,CA,USA;DEX group)intravitreal treatments in 50 patients with treatment-naive center involved diabetic macular edema(DME)by means of functional and morphological assessments during a 6-month follow-up. | Dan Calugaru Mihai Calugaru | 2020 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2020，13，10： | 1 |
| 5 | Comment on: Real-world outcomes of two-year Conbercept therapy for diabetic macular edema显示文摘Dear Editor,We read with great interest the study by Cheng et al[1], which assessed the two-year outcomes in 30(36 eyes) diabetic macular edema(DME) patients treated with intravitreal conbercept(Lumitin;Chengdu Kanghong Biotech Xo, Ltd, China;IVC) for 3 mo. | Dan Calugaru Mihai Calugaru | 2022 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2022，15，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Comment on “Management strategies in malignant glaucoma secondary to antiglaucoma surgery”显示文摘Dear Editor,We read with great interest the article by Wu et al[1]which comprehensively assessed the outcomes of various interventions in 38 eyes of 35 patients with malignant glaucoma(MG)secondary to antiglaucoma surgery | Dan Calugaru Mihai Calugaru | 2018 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2018，11，8： | 1 |
| 7 | Intraocular pressure modifications in patients with acute central/hemicentral retinal vein occlusions显示文摘Intraocular pressure(IOP)modifications in patients with acute central/hemicentral retinal vein occlusions(RVOs)consist in IOP reductions and increases.The IOP reduction is due to a transitional hyposecretory phase of the aqueous humor,that increases gradually until 3 mo after the venous occlusion onset,and then finally disappears after month 4 th.The IOP increases lead to the ocular hypertension and glaucoma.The possible pathogenetic correlations between ocular hypertension/glaucoma and acute central/hemicentral RVOs have been classified into three groups:1)the venous occlusion precedes the ocular hypertension/glaucoma causing neovascular glaucoma and secondary angle-closure glaucoma without rubeosis;2)the ocular hypertension and the glaucoma precede the venous occlusion and favor its appearance(ocular hypertension,primary angle-closure,primary angle-closure glaucoma,and open angle glaucomas);and 3)the venous occlusion and the ocular hypertension/glaucoma are mostly age dependent appearances due to common vascular and collagen alterations,lacking a causal connection between the 2 conditions. | Dan Calugaru Mihai Calugaru | 2021 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2021，14，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Analysis of normal human retinal vascular network architecture using multifractal geometry显示文摘AIM:To apply the multifractal analysis method as a quantitative approach to a comprehensive description of the microvascular network architecture of the normal human retina.METHODS:Fifty volunteers were enrolled in this study in the Ophthalmological Clinic of Cluj-Napoca,Romania,between January 2012 and January 2014. A set of 100 segmented and skeletonised human retinal images,corresponding to normal states of the retina were studied. An automatic unsupervised method for retinal vessel segmentation was applied before multifractal analysis. The multifractal analysis of digital retinal images was made with computer algorithms,applying the standard boxcounting method. Statistical analyses were performed using the Graph Pad In Stat software.RESULTS:The architecture of normal human retinal microvascular network was able to be described using the multifractal geometry. The average of generalized dimensions(D_q)for q=0,1,2,the width of the multifractal spectrum(Δα=α_(max)-α_(min))and the spectrum arms' heights difference(│Δf│)of the normal images were expressed as mean±standard deviation(SD):for segmented versions,D_0=1.7014±0.0057; D_1=1.6507±0.0058; D_2=1.5772±0.0059; Δα=0.92441±0.0085; │Δf│= 0.1453±0.0051; for skeletonised versions,D_0=1.6303±0.0051; D_1=1.6012±0.0059; D_2=1.5531± 0.0058; Δα=0.65032±0.0162; │Δf│= 0.0238±0.0161. The average of generalized dimensions(D_q)for q=0,1,2,the width of the multifractal spectrum(Δα)and the spectrum arms' heights difference(│Δf│)of the segmented versions was slightly greater than the skeletonised versions.CONCLUSION:The multifractal analysis of fundus photographs may be used as a quantitative parameter for the evaluation of the complex three-dimensional structure of the retinal microvasculature as a potential marker for early detection of topological changes associated with retinal diseases. | Stefan Talu Sebastian Stach Dan Mihai Calugaru Carmen Alina Lupascu Simona Delia Nicoara | 2017 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2017，10，3： | 0 |
| 9 | Comment on“Predictors of short-term outcomes related to central subfield foveal thickness after intravitreal bevacizumab for macular edema due to central retinal vein occlusion”显示文摘Dear Editor,We read with great interest the article by Wang et al[1]which investigated the predictive factors for shortterm outcomes related to central subfield foveal thickness(CSFT)after intravitreal bevacizumab(IVB;Avastin,Genentech Inc.,South Francisco,CA,USA)injections | Dan Calugaru Mihai Calugaru | 2017 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2017，10，9： | 0 |
| 10 | Comment on 'The thickness and volume of the choroid, outer retinal layers and retinal pigment epithelium layer changes in patients with diabetic retinopathy'显示文摘Dear Editor,We would like to address several issues that have arisen from the study by Wang et al(1)The study was retrospectively conducted and evaluated the thickness and volume changes of the choroid, outer retinal layers(ORL), and retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR) using optical coherence tomography(OCT) and correlated them with visual acuity. | Dan Calugaru Mihai Calugaru | 2019 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2019，12，8： | 0 |
| 11 | Comment on:Impact of switching from ranibizumab to aflibercept on the number of intravitreous injection and follow up visit in wet AMD:results of real-life ELU study显示文摘Dear Editor,The study by Queguiner et al[1]compared the number of follow up visits and intravitreal injections in 33 patients with wet age-related macular degeneration(AMD)treated initially with ranibizumab(Lucentis;Genentech,Inc.,South San Francisco,CA,USA;phase 1)and then switched to aflibercept(Eylea;Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Dan Calugaru Mihai Calugaru | 2021 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2021，14，7： | 0 |
| 12 | Comment on “Assessment of the long-term visual and anatomical outcomes of ranibizumab to treat neovascular age-related macular degeneration”显示文摘Dear Editor,The study by Kucuk et al[1] evaluated the long-term visual and anatomical outcomes in patients who underwent intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland) monotherapy to treat neovascular agerelated macular degeneration (AMD) and followed-up for at least 2y. The authors concluded that ranibizumab | Dan Calugaru Mihai Calugaru | 2018 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2018，11，11： | 0 |
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