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| 1 | CONSORT 2010说明与详述:报告平行对照随机临床试验指南的更新显示文摘大量证据显示随机对照临床试验(randomised controlled trial,RCT)的报告质量不理想。报告不透明,则读者既不能评判试验结果是否真实可靠,也不能从中提取可用于系统综述的信息。最近的方法学分析表明,报告不充分和设计不合理与对治疗效果产生评价偏倚有关。这种系统误差对RCT损害严重,而RCT正是以其能减少或避免偏倚而被视为评价干预措施的金标准。为了提高RCT的报告质量,一个由专家和编辑组成的工作组制定了临床试验报告的统一标准(Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials,CONSORT)声明。CONSORT声明于1996年首次发表,并于2001年更新。声明由对照检查清单和流程图组成,供作者在报告RCT时使用。许多核心医学期刊和主要国际性编辑组织都已认可CONSORT声明。该声明促进了对RCT的严格评价和解释。2001年,在对CONSORT进行修订时,人们就已经清楚地认识到,解释和说明制定CONSORT声明的原理,有助于研究人员等撰写或评价临床试验报告。一篇CONSORT说明与详述文章于2001年同2001版CONSORT声明一起发表。2007年1月的专家会议之后,对CONSORT声明作了进一步修订并已发表,即'CONSORT2010声明'。这次更新对原版对照检查清单作了文字上的修改,使其更为明晰,并收入了与一些新近才认识到的主题相关的建议,如选择性报告结局产生的偏倚。说明与详述文件旨在加强人们对CONSORT声明的理解、应用和传播,这次也作了大量修订,对每一项新增或更新的清单条目的含义和增改理由进行了解释,提供了优秀的报告实例,还尽可能地提供了相关的经验性研究的参考文献。文中收入了若干流程图实例。'CONSORT2010声明'、其说明与详述文件,以及相关网站(www.consort-statement.org),对于改进随机临床试验报告必将有所裨益。 | David Moher Sally Hopewell Kenneth F Schulz Victor Montori Peter C Gφtzsche P J Devereaux Diana Elbourne Matthias Egger Douglas G Altman 周庆辉 卞兆祥 刘建平 | 2010 | 中西医结合学报2010，8，8： | 318 |
| 2 | CONSORT 2010声明:报告平行对照随机临床试验指南的更新显示文摘CONSORT声明被广泛用于提高随机对照临床试验的报告质量。Kenneth Schulz等对CONSORT声明的最新版本CONSORT2010作了详细说明,该版本基于新获得的方法学证据和经验的积累对报告指南作了更新。为了鼓励更多的人使用'CONSORT2010声明',本文可从bmj.com免费获取,也将在Lancet,Obstetrics and Gynecology,PLoS Medicine,Annals of Internal Medicine,Open Medicine,Journal of Clinical Epidemiology,BMC Medicine和Trials等杂志发表。 | Kenneth F Schulz Douglas G Altman David Moher 周庆辉 卞兆祥 刘建平 | 2010 | 中西医结合学报2010，8，7： | 45 |
| 3 | Probiotic metabolites from Bacillus coagulans GanedenBC30^(TM) support maturation of antigen-presenting cells in vitro显示文摘AIM:To study the effects of probiotic metabolites on maturation stage of antigen-presenting immune cells.METHODS:Ganeden Bacillus coagulans 30(GBC30) bacterial cultures in log phase were used to isolate the secreted metabolite(MET) fraction.A second fraction was made to generate a crude cell-wall-enriched fraction,by centrifugation and lysis,followed by washing.A preparation of MET was subjected to size exclusion centrifugation,generating three fractions:< 3 kDa,3-30 kDa,and 30-200 kDa and activities were tested in comparison to crude MET and cell wall in primary cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) as a source of antigen-presenting mononuclear phagocytes.The maturation status of mononuclear phagocytes was evaluated by staining with monoclonal antibodies towards CD14,CD16,CD80 and CD86 and analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS:Treatment of PBMC with MET supported maturation of mononuclear phagocytes toward both macrophage and dendritic cell phenotypes.The biological activity unique to the metabolites included a reduction of CD14+ CD16+ pro-inflammatory cells,and this property was associated with the high molecular weight metabolite fraction.Changes were also seen for the dendritic cell maturation markers CD80 and CD86.On CD14dim cells,an increase in both CD80 and CD86 expression was seen,in contrast to a selective increase in CD86 expression on CD14bright cells.The co-expression of CD80 and CD86 indicates effective antigen presentation to T cells and support of T helper cell differentiation.The selective expression of CD86 in the absence of CD80 points to a role in generating T regulatory cells.CONCLUSION:The data show that a primary mechanism of action of GBC30 metabolites involves support of more mature phenotypes of antigen-presenting cells,important for immunological decision-making. | Kathleen F Benson Kimberlee A Redman Steve G Carter David Keller Sean Farmer John R Endres Gitte S Jensen | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，16： | 8 |
| 4 | CONSORT 2010声明:报告平行对照随机临床试验指南的更新显示文摘CONSORT声明被广泛应用于提高随机对照临床试验的报告质量。Kenneth Schulz等对CONSORT声明的最新版本CONSORT 2010作了详细说明,该版本基于新获得的方法学证据和经验的积累对报告指南作了更新。为了鼓励更多的人使用'CONSORT 2010声明',本文可从www.bmj.com免费获取,也将在Lancet,Obstetrics and Gynecology,PLoS Medicine,Annals of Internal Medicine,Open Medicine,Journal of Clinical Epidemiology,BMC Medicine和Trials等杂志发表。 | Kenneth F Schulz Douglas G Altman David Moher | 2011 | 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版)2011，1，1： | 3 |
| 5 | Pedicle Morphology In Thoracic Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Is Pedicle Fixation an Anatomically Viable Technique?显示文摘 | Michael F O’Brien Lawrence G Lenke Steven Mardjetko Thomas G Lowe Yinong Kong Kevin Eck David Smith | 2000 | Spine2000，，18： | 2 |
| 6 | Mechanisms of fibrinolysis resistance and potential targets for thrombolysis in acute ischaemic stroke: lessons from retrieved stroke emboli显示文摘There has been growing interest and insight into the histological composition of retrieved stroke emboli.One of the main focuses of the stroke clot analysis literature has been the implications of clot composition on mechanical thrombectomy procedures.However,the holy grail of clot analysis may not be in the field of clot-device interaction,but rather,in understanding mechanisms of fibrinolysis resistance.The mechanisms underlying the low response to fibrinolytic therapy,even with the newer,more powerful agents,remain poorly understood.While factors such as embolus size,location and collateral status influence alteplase delivery and recanalisation rates;compositional analyses focused on histological and ultrastructural characteristics offer unique insights into mechanisms of alteplase resistance.In this review,we strive to provide comprehensive review of current knowledge on clot composition and ultrastructural analyses that help explain resistance to fibrinolysis. | Waleed Brinjikji Oana Madalina Mereuta Daying Dai David F Kallmes Luis Savastano Yang Liu Shahid M Nimjee Raul G Nogueira Mehdi Abbasi Ramanathan Kadirvel | 2021 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2021，6，4： | 2 |
| 7 | Differential diagnosis in patients with suspected bile acid synthesis defects显示文摘AIM: To investigate the clinical presentations associated with bile acid synthesis defects and to describe identification of individual disorders and diagnostic pitfalls. METHODS: We describe semiquantitative determination of 16 urinary bile acid metabolites by electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Sample preparation was performed by solid-phase extraction. The total analysis time was 2 min per sample. We determined bile acid metabolites in 363 patients with suspected defects in bile acid metabolism. RESULTS: Abnormal bile acid metabolites were found in 36 patients. Two patients had bile acid synthesis defects but presented with atypical presentations. In 2 other patients who were later shown to be affected by biliary atresia and cystic fibrosis the profile of bile acid metabolites was initially suggestive of a bile acid synthesis defect. Three adult patients suffered from cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. Nineteen patients had peroxisomal disorders, and 10 patients had cholestatic hepatopathy of other cause. CONCLUSION: Screening for urinary cholanoids should be done in every infant with cholestatic hepatopathy as well as in children with progressive neurological disease to provide specific therapy. | Dorothea Haas Hongying Gan-Schreier Claus-Dieter Langhans Tilman Rohrer Guido Engelmann Maura Heverin David W Russell Peter T Clayton Georg F Hoffmann Jürgen G Okun | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，10： | 2 |
| 8 | Molecular-beacon multiplex real-Time PCR assay for detection of Vibrio cholerae显示文摘 | ANETA J G DAVID F P | 2006 | Appl Environ Microbiol2006，72，9： | 1 |
| 9 | Freeze drying of pharmaceutical excipients close to collapse temperature:Influence of the process conditions on process time and product quality显示文摘 | ANTONELLO A B SABRINA G DAVIDE F | 2009 | Drying Technology2009，27，： | 1 |
| 10 | Estimation of tropical forest structural characteristics using large-footprint lidar显示文摘 | Jason B Drake Ralph O Dubayah David B Clark Robert G Knox J.Bryan Blair Michelle A Hofton Robin L Chazdon John F Weishampel Steve Prince | 2001 | Remote Sensing of Environment2001，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | LIGHT, a New Member of the TNF Superfamily, and Lymphotoxin α Are Ligands for Herpesvirus Entry Mediator显示文摘 | Davide N Mauri Reinhard Ebner Rebecca I Montgomery Kristine D Kochel Timothy C Cheung Guo-Liang Yu Steve Ruben Marianne Murphy Roselyn J Eisenberg Gary H Cohen Patricia G Spear Carl F Ware | 1998 | Immunity1998，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Results of disc prosthesis after a minimum follow-up period of 2 years显示文摘 | David T Postacchini F | 1996 | Spine1996，21，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Lithium insertion into manganese spinels 显示文摘 | Thackeray M M David W I F Bruce P G | 1983 | Mater Res Bull1983，18，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Ground-to-space laser imaging:Review 2001显示文摘 | VOELZ David G JOHN F UIBARR Belsher Laura | 2002 | SPIE2002，4489，： | 1 |
| 15 | Eutrophication:nitrate flux in the Mississippi River显示文摘 | MCISAAC G F DAVID M B GERTNER G Z | 2001 | Nature2001，414，： | 1 |
| 16 | Estimating Intraclass Correlation for Binary Data 显示文摘 | Martin S R Clarice G B and David F | 1999 | Bio- metrics1999，55，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Paradoxes of technology:consumer cognizance,emotions,and coping strategies显示文摘 | MICK DAVID G SUSAN F | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Notes on colons distribution in plant populations显示文摘 | DAVID F N MOORE P G | 1954 | Annals Botany1954，18，： | 1 |
| 19 | Lithium insertion into manganese spinels显示文摘 | Thackeray M M David W I F Bruce P G | 1983 | Materials Research Bulletin1983，18，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Real-time nucleic acid sequence based amplification using molecular beacons for detection of enterovirus RNA in clinical specimens显示文摘 | Marie L L Robin G David F | 2005 | Journal of Clinical Microbiology2005，43，7： | 1 |
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