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| 1 | 青贮饲料中接种乳酸菌对黑白花奶牛甲烷排放和生产性能的影响显示文摘乳酸菌菌剂(LAB)通过增加青贮饲料中乳酸和其他有机酸类含量、降低饲料p H来提高饲料品质,防止酸败。本试验在青贮饲料中添加LAB,改变青贮饲料品质及其在瘤胃中的发酵条件,探索饲料中添加LAB对奶牛干物质采食量(DMI)、消化率、产奶量、牛奶品质和甲烷(CH4)排放量的影响。8头泌乳中期荷斯坦-黑白花杂交奶牛根据产奶量分成高产和低产两组,采用4×4拉丁方阵设计21 d试验。CH_4排放量采用间接量热法测量。各组青贮饲料(主要成分为黑麦草)分为空白组、长期添加LAB组、短期添加组(饲喂前16 h添加)和长短期综合添加组。所有饲料都由牧草青贮和复合物构成(干物质基础上的比例为7525)。长期添加组菌剂中植物乳杆菌、乳酸乳球菌和布氏乳杆菌比例为102070,短期添加组为乳酸乳球菌。试验结果表明,长期添加组和短期添加组对奶牛干物质摄入量(DMI)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、脂肪消化率、氮含量和能量平衡无显著影响,对乳成分(尤其是尿素)、乳脂肪、乳蛋白质和牛奶中微生物总数均无显著影响。但长期添加LAB使产奶量有增加趋势。长期添加组和短期添加组的奶牛中CH_4排放量无显著变化。其中,长期添加组中以k J·kg^(-1)为单位的代谢体重有提高趋势。试验结果得出引起动物生产性能改变的LAB最小添加量,包括长期和短期的。虽然其他研究表明青贮饲料中添加菌剂能对奶牛生产性能产生有利的显著影响,但本试验由于剂量、青贮饲料基底牧草选择和保存条件等因素的差异,未产生显著影响。 | Ellis J L Hindrichsen I K Klop G Kinley R D Milora N Bannink A Dijkstra J | 2016 | 饲料博览2016，0，9： | 3 |
| 2 | Particle packing in loess deposits and the problem of structure collapse and hydroconsolidation 显示文摘 | DIJKSTRA T A SMALLEY I J ROGERS E D F | 1995 | Engi- neering Geology1995，40，： | 1 |
| 3 | Therapy-re- sistant complex regional pain syndrome type Ⅰ , to amputate or not? 显示文摘 | Bodde M I Dijkstra P U den Dunnen W F | 2011 | J Bone Joint Surg Am2011，93，19： | 1 |
| 4 | Hydroconsolidation and subsidence of loess: studies from China, Russia, North America and Europe显示文摘 | ROGERS C D E DIJKSTRA T A SMALLEY I J | 1994 | Engineering Geology1994，37，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Chromosome mapping ofMHC class I in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) 显示文摘 | Fujiwara A Kiryu I Dijkstra JM | 2003 | Fish& Shellfish Immunology2003，14，2： | 1 |
| 6 | The loess of north- central China: geotechnical properties and their relation to slope sta- bility显示文摘 | Dijkstra T A Rogers C D F Smalley I J | 1994 | Engineering Geology1994，36，： | 1 |
| 7 | Fail- ure mechanisms in loess and the effects of moisture content changes on remoulded strength显示文摘 | Derbyshire E Dijkstra T A Samlley I J | 1994 | Quater- nary International1994，24，： | 1 |
| 8 | MHC class II invariant chain homologues in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss ) 显示文摘 | Dijkstra J M Kiryu I Kollner B | 2003 | Fish Shellfish Immunol2003，15，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Hydroconsolidation and subsidence of loess: studies from China, Russia, North America and Europe显示文摘 | ROGERS C D F DIJKSTRA T A SMALLEY I J | 1994 | EngineeringGeology1994，37，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Optimum operation conditions of direct capillary nanofiltration for wastewater treatment 显示文摘 | Sayed S Tarek S Dijkstra I | 2007 | Desali- nation2007，214，： | 1 |
| 11 | Hydroconsolidation and subsidence of loess: studies from China, Russia, North America and Europe 显示文摘 | Rogers C D F Dijkstra T A Smalley I J | 1994 | Engineering Geology1994，37，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Hydroconsolidation and subsidence of loess:studies from China,Russia,North America and Europe显示文摘 | Dijkstra T A Smalley I J | 1994 | Engineering Geology1994，37，： | 1 |
| 13 | Differences in MHC class I genes between strains of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) 显示文摘 | Xia C Kiryu I Dijkstra J M etal | 2002 | Fish Shellfish Immunol2002，12，： | 1 |
| 14 | The role of ELOVL1 in very long-chain fatty acid homeostasis and X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy显示文摘 | OFMAN R DIJKSTRA I M van ROERMUND C W | 2010 | EMBO Molecular Medicine2010，2，3： | 1 |
| 15 | New MHC class Ⅰ a domain lineages in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)which are shared with other fish species显示文摘 | Kiryu I Dijkstra J M Sarder R I | 2005 | Fish Shellfish Immunol2005，18，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Differences in MHC class Ⅰ between strains of rainbow trout显示文摘 | Xia C Kiryu I Dijkstra J M | 2002 | Fish Shellfish Immunology2002，，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Polymorphism of two very similar MHC class Ib loci in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus myhiss) 显示文摘 | DIJKSTRA J M KIRYU I YOSHIURA Y | 2006 | Immunogenetics2006，58，23： | 1 |
| 18 | Growth and behavioral traits in Donaldson rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cosegregate with classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genotype显示文摘 | Azuma T Dijkstra J M Kiryu I | 2005 | Behav Genet2005，35，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Polymorphism of two very similar MHC class Ib loci in rainbow trout (On corhynchusmykiss)显示文摘 | Dijkstra J M Kiryu I Yoshiura Y | 2006 | Immunogenetics2006，58，23： | 1 |
| 20 | Particle packing in loess deposits and the problem of structure collapse and hydroconsolidation显示文摘 | Dijkstra T A Smalley I J Rogers C D F | 1995 | Engineering Geology1995，40，： | 1 |
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