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您的检索式：作者名="Dominique Keller"
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| 1 | Attitudes toward forest diversity and forest ecosystem services—a cross-cultural comparison between China and Switzerland显示文摘Aims Despite the current interest in services provided by ecosystems and the role of biodiversity,the relationship among human attitudes,biodiversity and ecosystem services has hardly been investigated.Moreover,few studies have examined attitudes toward nature in cross-cultural comparisons.This study investigates the attitudes of Chinese and Swiss people,both environmental experts and laypersons,toward forest biodiversity and ecosystem services.Methods Overall,640 people in China and Switzerland were interviewed with the help of a standardized questionnaire.In each country,the study population was equally divided into an urban(80 city dwellers and 80 environmental science students)and a rural(80 forest visitors and 80 farmers)study group.The 15-minute interviews took place in the cities of Beijing and Zurich and in the rural forested areas of Dujiangyan,Sichuan Province and Lake Sempach,canton Lucerne.Attitudes toward forest biodiversity were investigated with the help of color photographs that depicted both monocultures and speciesrich forests typical for China and Switzerland.Attitudes toward ecosystem services were investigated with the help of 13 statements on provisioning,regulating,cultural and supporting services of forests.Important Findings On average,Chinese participants showed no strong preferences for biodiversity,whereas the Swiss clearly preferred species-rich forests over monocultures.However,Chinese environmental science students did prefer species-rich forests and attributed to them a higher conservation value because of their higher biodiversity.Although there were no strong preferences for Chinese versus Swiss forests,all participants correctly answered that Chinese forests are more species rich in terms of plants and animals and thus found them less boring and more interesting,but also less managed,than Swiss forests.All participants highly valued the ecosystem services provided by forests;especially the regulating and supporting ones.Environmental science students and farmers placed more importance on the provisioning services,whereas city dwellers and forest visitors emphasized more on the regulating services.The disjuncture between the high ecological quality of species-rich forests and their low attractiveness to Chinese study participants points to a potential conflict between conservation policies and the public’s preferences.A better communication of ecosystem services provided by forest biodiversity to the public might change these preferences in favor of ecological quality,as already observed among Chinese environmental science students. | Petra Lindemann-Matthies Dominique Keller Xuefei Li Bernhard Schmid | 2014 | Journal of Plant Ecology2014，7，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Performance of a real-time PCR approach for diagnosing Schistosoma haematobium infections of different intensity in urine samples from Zanzibar显示文摘Background:Efforts to control and eliminate schistosomiasis have accelerated over the past decade.As parasite burden,associated morbidity and egg excretion decrease,diagnosis with standard parasitological methods becomes harder.We assessed the robustness and performance of a real-time PCR(qPCR)approach in comparison with urine filtration microscopy and reagent strip testing for the diagnosis of Schistosoma haematobium infections of different intensities.Methods:The robustness of DNA isolation and qPCR was validated in eight laboratories from Europe and Africa.Subsequently,792 urine samples collected during cross-sectional surveys of the Zanzibar Elimination of Schistosomiasis Transmission(ZEST)project in 2012-2017 were examined with qPCR in 2018.Diagnostic sensitivity of the qPCR was calculated at different infection intensity categories,using urine filtration microscopy as reference test.Spearman's rank correlation between Ct-values and S.haematobium egg counts was assessed and Ct-value percentiles for infection intensity categories determined.Results:S.haematobium Dra1 DNA-positive samples were identified correctly in all eight laboratories.Examination of urine samples from Zanzibar revealed Dra1 DNA in 26.8%(212/792)by qPCR,S.haematobium eggs in 13.3%(105/792)by urine filtration,and microhaematuria in 13.8%(109/792)by reagent strips.Sensitivity of the qPCR increased with augmenting egg counts:80.6%(29/36)for counts between 1 and 4 eggs,83.3%(15/18)for counts between 5 and 9 eggs,100%(23/23)for counts between 10 and 49 eggs,and 96.4%(27/28)for counts of 50+eggs.There was a significant negative correlation between Ct-values and egg counts(Spearman's rho=-0.49,P<0.001).Seventy-five percent of the Ct-values were≥33 in the egg-negative category,<31 in the light intensity category,and<24 in the heavy intensity category.Conclusions:While the sensitiivity of the qPCR was^80%for very light intensity infections(egg counts<10),in general,the Dra1 based qPCR assay detected twice as many S.haematobium infections compared with classical parasitological tests.The qPCR is hence a sensitive,urine-based approach for S.haernatcbium diagnosis that can be used for impact assessment of schistosomiasis elimination programmes,individual diagnosis,and in improved format also for verification and certification of elimination.Trial registration:ISRCTN,ISRCTN48837681.Registered 05 September 2012-Retrospectively registered. | Dominique Keller Julian Rothen Jean-Pierre Dangy Corina Saner Claudia Daubenberger Fiona Allan Shaali M.Ame Said M.Ali Fatma Kabole Jan Hattendorf David Rollinson Ralf Seyfarth Stefanie Knopp | 2020 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2020，9，5： | 0 |
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