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| 1 | Esophageal tissue engineering:A new approach for esophageal replacement显示文摘A number of congenital and acquired disorders require esophageal tissue replacement.Various surgical techniques,such as gastric and colonic interposition,are standards of treatment,but frequently complicated by stenosis and other problems.Regenerative medicine approaches facilitate the use of biological constructs to replace or regenerate normal tissue function.We review the literature of esophageal tissue engineering,discuss its implications,compare the methodologies that have been employed and suggest possible directions for the future.Medline,Embase,the Cochrane Library,National Research Register and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched with the following search terms:stem cell and esophagus,esophageal replacement,esophageal tissue engineering,esophageal substitution.Reference lists of papers identified were also examined and experts in this field contacted for further information.All full-text articles in English of all potentially relevant abstracts were reviewed.Tissue engineering has involved acellular scaffolds that were either transplanted with the aim of being repopulated by host cells or seeded prior to transplantation.When acellular scaffolds were used to replace patch and short tubular defects they allowed epithelial and partial muscular migration whereas when employed for long tubular defects the results were poor leading to an increased rate of stenosis and mortality.Stenting has been shown as an effective means to reduce stenotic changes and promote cell migration,whilst omental wrapping to induce vascularization of the construct has an uncertain benefit.Decellularized matrices have been recently suggested as the optimal choice for scaffolds,but smart polymers that will incorporate signalling to promote cell-scaffold interaction may provide a more reproducible and available solution.Results in animal models that have used seeded scaffolds strongly suggest that seeding of both muscle and epithelial cells on scaffolds prior to implantation is a prerequisite for complete esophageal replacement.Novel approaches need to be designed to allow for peristalsis and vascularization in the engineered esophagus.Although esophageal tissue engineering potentially offers a real alternative to conventional treatments for severe esophageal disease,important barriers remain that need to be addressed. | Giorgia Totonelli Panagiotis Maghsoudlou Jonathan M Fishman Giuseppe Orlando Tahera Ansari Paul Sibbons Martin A Birchall Agostino Pierro Simon Eaton Paolo De Coppi | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，47： | 5 |
| 2 | Plasma carboxypeptidases as regulators of the plasminogen system显示文摘 | TAN AK EATON DL | 1995 | J Clin Invest1995，96，5： | 1 |
| 3 | Administration of exogenous interleukin - 18 and interleukin - 12 prevents the induction of oral tolerance显示文摘 | Eaton A D Xu Damo Garside P | 2003 | Immunologe2003，108，19： | 1 |
| 4 | A rapid inversion technique technique for transient electromagnetic soundings显示文摘 | Eaton P A Hohmann G W | 1989 | Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors1989，53，： | 1 |
| 5 | Accurate characteriza- tion of extravascular lung water in acute respiratory distress syn- drome显示文摘 | Berkowitz D M Danai P A Eaton S | 2008 | Crit Care Med2008，36，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury and multisystem organ failure 显示文摘 | Pierro A Eaton S | 2004 | Semi Pediatr Surg2004，13，1： | 1 |
| 7 | The predicition of flow patter,liquid holdup and pressure losses occurring during continuous tow phase in horizontal pipelines显示文摘 | EATON B A | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 8 | Graphical Method predicts geopressure worldwide显示文摘 | Eaton B A | 1972 | World Oil1972，5156，： | 1 |
| 9 | Measuring UV-absorbing organics :a standard method 显示文摘 | Eaton A D | 1995 | JAWWA1995，87，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Ultravoilet-visible Absorption Spectra of the Colloidal Metallic Elements显示文摘 | J A Greighton D G Eaton | 1991 | Journal of the Chemical Socie(v Faraday Transactions1991，87，24： | 1 |
| 11 | Skin flap necrosis after mas- tectomy with reconstruction : a prospective study 显示文摘 | Matsen C B Mehrara B Eaton A | 2015 | Ann Surg On- col2015，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Autocrine TGF-beta and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) signaling drives the evolution of tumor-promoting mammary stromal myofibroblasts显示文摘 | Kojima Y Acar A Eaton EN | 2010 | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2010，107，20： | 1 |
| 13 | Integral equation solution for the transient electromagnetic response of a three-dimensional body in a conductive half-space显示文摘 | SanFilipo W A Eaton P A Hohmann G W | 1986 | Geophysics1986，51，： | 1 |
| 14 | 5,1O-meth ylenetetrahydrofotate reductase 677 and 1298 polymorphisms,folate intake,and microsatellite instability in colon cancer显示文摘 | EATON A M SANDLER R CARETHERS J M | 2005 | Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev2005，14，8： | 1 |
| 15 | Autocrine TGF-beta and stromal cell-derived factor-l (SDF-1) signaling drives the evo- lution of tumor-promoting mammary stromal myofibroblasts 显示文摘 | Kojima Y Acar A Eaton EN | 2010 | Proc Natl Acad Scl U S A2010，107，20： | 1 |
| 16 | Measuring UV- Absorbing organics: a standard method显示文摘 | Eaton A D | 1995 | Jour AWWA1995，87，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Plants and Productivity in International Trade显示文摘 | Bernard A J Eaton J Jensen | 2003 | American Economic Review2003，93，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Components, formulations, solutions, evaluation, and application of comprehensive combustion models显示文摘 | Eaton A M Smoot L D Hill S C | 1999 | Progress in Energy and Combustion Science1999，25，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Inflammatory response in children after laparoscopic vs open Nissen fundoplication:rando- mized controlled trial显示文摘 | McHoney M Eaton S Wade A | 2005 | Pediatr Surg2005，40，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Plants and Productivity in International Trade 显示文摘 | Bernard A B Eaton J Jensen J B | 2003 | Ameri- can Economic Review2003，93，4： | 1 |
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