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| 1 | Gut microbiome profiling and colorectal cancer in African Americans and Caucasian Americans显示文摘AIM To determine whether and to what extent the gut microbiome is involved in regulating racial disparity in colorectal cancer(CRC). METHODS All patients were recruited and experiments were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations by the Institutional Review Boards (IRB), committees of the John D. Dingell VAMC and Wayne State University guidelines. African American (AA) and Caucasian American (CA) patients were scheduled for an outpatient screening for colonoscopy, and no active malignancy volunteer patients were doubly consented, initially by the gastroenterologist and later by the study coordinator, for participation in the study. The gut microbial communities in colonic effluents from AAs and CAs were examined using 16 sRNA profiling, and bacterial identifications were validated by performing SYBR-based Real Time PCR. For metagenomic analysis to characterize the microbial communities, multiple software/tools were used, including Metastats and R statistical software.RESULTS It is generally accepted that the incidence and mortality of CRC is higher in AAs than in CAs. However, the reason for this disparity is not well understood. We hypothesize that the gut microbiome plays a role in regulating this disparity. Indeed, we found significant differences in species richness and diversity between AAs and CAs. Bacteroidetes was more abundant in AAs than in CAs. In particular, the pro-inflammatory bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Enterobacter species were significantly higher in AAs, whereas probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium were higher in CAs. The polyphyletic Clostridia class showed a divergent pattern, with Clostridium XI elevated in AAs, and Clostridium IV, known for its beneficial function, higher in CAs. Lastly, the AA group had decreased microbial diversity overall in comparison to the CA group. In summary, there were significant differences in pro-inflammatory bacteria and microbial diversity between AA and CA, which may help explain the CRC disparity between groups.CONCLUSION Our current investigation, for the first time, demonstrates microbial dysbiosis between AAs and CAs, which could contribute to the racial disparity of CRC. | Lulu Farhana Fadi Antaki Farhan Murshed Hamidah Mahmud Stephanie L Judd Pratima Nangia-Makker Edi Levi Yingjie Yu Adhip PN Majumdar | 2018 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2018，9，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Car-following and Steady-state Theory for Non-congested Traffic显示文摘 | Edie L C | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 3 | The conversion of poly p- phenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO) to carbon fiber 显示文摘 | Newell J A Edie D D Fuller E L | 1996 | J Appl Polym Sci1996，60，： | 1 |
| 4 | Car-following and steady-state theory for noncongested traffic显示文摘 | Edie L C | 1961 | Operations Research1961，9，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Lenalidomide, bortezomib, anddexamethasone combination therapy in patients with newly diagnosedmultiple myeloma显示文摘 | Paul GR Edie W Sagar L | 2010 | Blood2010，116，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Kinetics of carbonization and graphitization of PBO fiber 显示文摘 | James A Newell D D Edie L | 1996 | J Appl Polym Sci1996，60，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Car following and steady state theory for non-congested traffic显示文摘 | EDIE L C | 1961 | Operations Research1961，9，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Neutral fat hydrolysis and long chain fatty acid oxidation during anaerobic digestion of slaughterhouse wastewater显示文摘 | MASSE L MASS’EDI KENNEDY KJ | 2002 | Biotechnol Bioeng2002，79，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Effect(s) of assis- ted hatching on assisted conception (IVF & ICSI) 显示文摘 | Edi - Osagie EC Hooper L McGinlay P | 2003 | Cochrane Da- tabase Syst Rev2003，，00： | 1 |
| 10 | Kinetics of carbonization and graphitization of PBO fiber显示文摘 | NEWELL J A EDIE D D FULLER E L | 1996 | Journal of Applied Polymer Science1996，60，： | 1 |
| 11 | Failures by SCC in buried pipelines 显示文摘 | Manfi'edi C Otegui J L | 2002 | Engineering Failure Analysis2002，9，： | 1 |
| 12 | Car following and steady-state theory for noncongested traffic 显示文摘 | Edie L C | 1961 | Operations Research1961，9，： | 1 |
| 13 | Car following and steady-state theory for non- congested traffic 显示文摘 | Edie L C | 1961 | Operations Research1961，9，： | 1 |
| 14 | Car-following and steady-state theory for noncon- gested traffic显示文摘 | EDIE L C | 1961 | Operations Research1961，9，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Stability of Strutted Excavation in Clay显示文摘 | Bjerrum L Edie O | 1956 | Geotechnique1956，6，： | 1 |
| 16 | The impact of assisted hatch-ing on live birth rates and outcomes of assisted conception;a sys-tematic review 显示文摘 | Edi - Osagie E Hooper L Seif MW | 2003 | Hum Heprod2003，18，9： | 1 |
| 17 | The impact of assisted hatching on live birth rates and outcomes of assisted conception:asystematic review显示文摘 | EDI OSAGIE E HOOPER L SEIF M W | 2003 | Hum Reprod2003，18，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Lymphomas of the breast : Parhology and clinical behavior显示文摘 | Edi B Namcy L | 1999 | Seminars in Oncology1999，26，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Car Following and Steady-State Theory for Non- Congested Traffic显示文摘 | Edie L C | 1961 | Operations Research1961，，9： | 1 |
| 20 | Car following and steady-state theory for non-congested traffic显示文摘 | EDIE L C | 1961 | Operations Research1961，9，1： | 1 |
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