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| 1 | Burden of diabetic foot ulcer in Nigeria: Current evidence from the multicenter evaluation of diabetic foot ulcer in Nigeria显示文摘BACKGROUND Nigeria bears the greatest burden of diabetes prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa. Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes. Significant improvements in diabetic foot incidence and outcomes have been recorded in many Western countries in the past decade. However, the current burden of DFU in Nigeria is largely unknown. AIM To evaluate the patients’ profile, ulcer characteristics, associated co-morbidities and outcome of patients with DFU in Nigeria. METHODS Multicenter evaluation of diabetic foot ulcer in Nigeria was a one year multicenter observational study of patients hospitalized for DFU in six tertiary health institutions in Nigeria from March 2016 to March 2017. Demographic and diabetes information, ulcer characteristics and associated co-morbidities were assessed. Relevant laboratory and imaging studies were performed. All patients received appropriate multi-disciplinary care and were followed up until discharge or death. Outcome variables of interest were ulcer healing, lower extremity amputation (LEA), duration of hospitalization and mortality. RESULTS A total of 336 patients (55.1% male) with mean age of 55.9 ± 12.5 years were enrolled into this study. Majority (96.1%) had type 2 diabetes. Only 25.9% of the subjects had prior foot care knowledge. Most of the subjects presented late to the hospital and median (IQR) duration of ulcer at presentation was 39 (28-54) d. Ulcers were already advanced (Wagner grades ≥ 3) in 79.2% of the subjects while 76.8% of the ulcers were infected at the time of admission. The commonest comorbidities were systemic hypertension, anemia and hyperglycemic emergencies. One hundred and nineteen subjects (35.4%) suffered LEA while 10.4% left against medical advice. The median (IQR) duration of hospitalization was 52.0 (29-66) d with case fatality rate of 20.5%. CONCLUSION The burden of DFU in Nigeria is very high. The major gaps include low level of foot care knowledge among diabetic patients, overdependence on self-medication and unorthodox medicine following development of foot ulceration, late hospital presentation, and high amputation and mortality rates. Extensive foot care education within the framework of a multi-disciplinary foot care team is highly desirable. | Ejiofor Ugwu Olufunmilayo Adeleye Ibrahim Gezawa Innocent Okpe Marcelina Enamino Ignatius Ezeani | 2019 | World Journal of Diabetes2019，10，3： | 5 |
| 2 | Physiological and molecular detection of crystalliferous Bacillus thuringiensis strains from habitats in the South Central United States显示文摘 | A O Ejiofor T Johnson | 2002 | Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology2002，，5： | 1 |
| 3 | Developments in the processing and properties of particulate AI-Si composites 显示文摘 | Ejiofor J U Reddy R G | 1997 | Journal of the Min- erals Metals & Materials Society1997，49，11： | 1 |
| 4 | Development in the processing and properties of particulates Al-Si composites 显示文摘 | EJIOFOR J H REDDY R G | 1997 | JOM1997，49，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Principles and problems of environmental pollution of groundwater resources with case examples from developing countries显示文摘 | Egboka B C E Nwankwor G I Orajaka I P Ejiofor A O | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Increased osteoblast on nanophase metals: Ti,Ti6A14V and CoCrMo显示文摘 | Webster T J Ejiofor J U | 2004 | Bioma- terials2004，25，19： | 1 |
| 7 | Effects of porous carbon o n sintered A1-Si-Mg matrix composites 显示文摘 | EJIOFOR J U REDDY R G | 1997 | Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance1997，6，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Developments in the processing and properties of particulate Al-Si composites显示文摘 | Ejiofor U Reddy R G | 1997 | JOM1997，49，： | 1 |
| 9 | Physiological and molecular detection of crystalliferous Bacillus thuringiensis strains from habitats in the South Central United States 显示文摘 | Johnson T | 2002 | J Ind Microbiol BiotechnoI2002，28，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Increased osteoblast adhesion on nanophase metals: Ti, Ti6AL4V, and CoCrMo 显示文摘 | Webster TJ Ejiofor JU | 2004 | Biomaterials2004，25，19： | 1 |
| 11 | Increased osteoblast adhesion on nanophase metals: Ti, Ti6A14, and CoCrMo 显示文摘 | Webster TJ Ejiofor JU | 2004 | Biomaterials2004，25，19： | 1 |
| 12 | Develop Ents in the Processing and Properties of Particulate Al-Si comgposites显示文摘 | Ejiofor J U Reddy R G | 1997 | JOM1997，，11： | 1 |
| 13 | Hepatic production and intestinal uptake of IGF-I: Restponse to infection显示文摘 | IANG C H FROST R A EJIOFOR J | 1998 | Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol1998，275，： | 1 |
| 14 | Increased osteoblast adhesion on nanophase metals: Ti, Ti6AI4V, and CoCrMo显示文摘 | Webster TJ Ejiofor JU | 2004 | Biomater2004，25，19： | 1 |
| 15 | Increased osteoblast adhesion on nanophase metals:Ti,Ti6Al4V,and CoCrMo显示文摘 | Webster TJ Ejiofor JU | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Increased osteoblast adhesion on nanophase metals: Ti, Ti6Al4V, and CoCrMo显示文摘 | Thomas J. Webster Jeremiah U. Ejiofor | 2003 | Biomaterials2003，，19： | 1 |
| 17 | Increased osteoblast adhesion on nanophase metals: Ti, Ti6A14V, and CoCrMo 显示文摘 | Webster T J Ejiofor JU | 2004 | Biomaterials2004，25，19： | 1 |
| 18 | Increased osteoblast adhesion on nanophase metals: Ti, Ti6Al4V, and CoCrMo显示文摘 | Thomas J. Webster Jeremiah U. Ejiofor | 2003 | Biomaterials2003，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Trilateration based localization algorithm for wireless sensor network显示文摘 | Oguejiofor O S Aniedu A N Ejiofor H C | 2013 | International Journal of Science and Modern Engineering(IJISME)2013，1，10： | 1 |
| 20 | Increased osteoblast adhesion on nanophase metals: Ti,Ti6A14V,and CoCrMo显示文摘 | Webster TJ Ejiofor JU | 2004 | Biomaterials2004，25，19： | 1 |
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