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| 1 | 全球药物滥用的疾病负担:来自2010年全球疾病负担研究显示文摘背景:直到目前还没有研究者系统地估计过全球及区域性的苯丙胺类、大麻、可卡因和阿片类药物依赖的患病率及其造成的疾病负担。我们旨在用伤残损失寿命年(YLDs)、过早死亡损失寿命年(YLLs)和伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)来估计药物依赖的患病率和其造成的疾病负担。方法:采用贝叶斯Meta回归的方法(Dis Mod-MR)对药物依赖的流行病学研究及2010年全球疾病、伤害及危险因素负担研究(GBD 2010)进行了系统综述,估计人群水平的药物依赖患病率。GBD 2010通过代表性社区调查和基于互联网的调查计算出新的失能权重。我们把估计的药物依赖患病率和新的失能权重结合起来估算药物依赖导致的YLDs、YLLs、DALYs和其作为相关疾病危险因素时导致的YLDs、YLLs和DALYs。结果:2010年,药物依赖直接造成了2千万的DALYs(95%UI(不确定区间)1.3-2.54千万),占全球全因DALYs的0.8%(0.6%-1.0%)。世界范围内,相比于其他药物,越来越多的人依赖于阿片类和苯丙胺类药物。阿片类药物依赖直接造成的疾病负担最大(DALYs为920万,95%UI为710-1140万)。在某些地区,药物依赖导致的DALYs所占比例比其他地区高出20倍,收入越高的国家药物依赖造成的负担所占比例也越高。注射吸毒所致HIV感染造成210万的DALYs(95%UI 110-360万),所致HCV感染导致50.2万的DALYs(95%UI 28.6-89.1万)。苯丙胺类药物依赖所致自杀造成85.4万的DALYs(95%UI 29.1-179.1万),阿片类药物依赖所致自杀造成67.1万的DALYs(95%UI 32.9-173.0万),可卡因依赖所致自杀造成32.4万的DALYs(95%UI 10.9-68.2万)。药物依赖导致的疾病负担最高的国家(>650 DALYs/10万人)包括美国,英国,俄罗斯和澳大利亚。结论:药物滥用是造成全球疾病负担的一个重要因素。为减少人群水平的疾病负担,我们需采取有效的措施(比如给予阿片类药物依赖者替代治疗及针具交换等)降低阿片类药物依赖和注射吸毒导致的疾病负担。 | 王同瑜 Degenhardt L Whiteford HA Ferrari AJ Baxter AJ Charlson FJ Hall WD Freedman G Burstein R Johns Engell RE Flaxman A Murray CJ Vos T | 2015 | 中国药物依赖性杂志2015，24，6： | 3 |
| 2 | Effects of Vortex Genera- tor Application on the Performance of a Compressor Cas- cade显示文摘 | Hergt A Meyer R Engel K | 2013 | Journal of Turbomachinery2013，135，02： | 1 |
| 3 | Explaining investment dynamics in US Manufacturing: A generalized (S, s) approach显示文摘 | Caballero R J Engel E M R A | 1999 | Econometrica1999，67，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Financial accounting information,organizational complexity and corporate governance systems显示文摘 | Bushman R Chen Q Engel E Smith A | 2004 | Journal of Accounting and Economics2004，，37： | 1 |
| 5 | Nonpoint source (NPS) pollutant modeling using models integrated with geographic information systems (GIS)显示文摘 | Engel B A Srinivasan R Arnold J | 1993 | Water Science and Technology1993，28，35： | 1 |
| 6 | On the glow discharge at high pressure 显示文摘 | A Von Engel R Seeliger M Steenbeck | 1933 | Zeit fuer Physik1933，85，： | 1 |
| 7 | A spatial decision on support system for assessing agricultural non-point source pollution显示文摘 | SRINIVASAN R ENGEL B A | 1994 | Water Re- sources Bulletin1994，30，3： | 1 |
| 8 | High-frequency oscillations:what is normal and what is not?显示文摘 | Engel J Jr Bragin A Staba R | 2009 | Epilepsia2009，50，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Design of an ultralight weight autonomous solar airplane for continuous flight显示文摘 | NOTH A ENGEL W SIEGWART R | 2006 | Proceedings of Field and Service Robotics2006，25，7： | 1 |
| 10 | Chlamydia trachomatis inandrologic patients-direct and indirect detection显示文摘 | Bollmann R Engel S PetzoIdt R et a! | | Infection0，29，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Food packaging and bisphenol A and bis (2-ethyhexyl) phthalate expo- sure: Findings from adietary intervention 显示文摘 | Rudel R A Gray J M Engel C L | 2011 | Environ- mental Health Perspectives2011，119，7： | 1 |
| 12 | A spatial decision snpport system for assessing agricultural nonpoint pollution 显示文摘 | Srinivasan R Engel B A | 1994 | Water Resources Bulletin1994，30，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Angiotensin-( 1 7) and the G protein-coupled receptor MAS are key players in renal inflammarion显示文摘 | Esteban V Heringer-Walther S Sterner-Kock A de Bruin R van den Engel S Wang Y | 2009 | PLoS One2009，4，： | 1 |
| 14 | Visuomotor Integration Is Associated with Zero Time-Lag Synchronization among Cortical Areas 显示文摘 | Roelfsema P R Engel A K Singer W | 1997 | Nature1997，385，： | 1 |
| 15 | The criterion validity of the Center for Epidemiologieal Studies Depression Scale (CES- D) in a sample of self-referred elders with depressive symptomatology 显示文摘 | Haringsma R Engels G I Beekman A T F | 2004 | International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry2004，19，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Hepatitis B virus infection and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in South Korea:a cohort study显示文摘 | ENGELS E A CHO E R JEE S H | 2010 | Lancet Oncol2010，11，： | 1 |
| 17 | Develop- ment and psychometric validation of an eating disorder- specific health-related quality of life instrument显示文摘 | Engel S G Wittrock D A Crosby R D | 2006 | Int J Eat Disord2006，39，1： | 1 |
| 18 | A spatial decision support system for assessing agricultural non-point source pollution显示文摘 | Srinivasan R Engel B A | 1994 | Water Resour Bulletin1994，30，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Effects of gallotannin treatment on attachment, growth,and survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes on spinach and lettuce 显示文摘 | ENGELS C WEISS A CARI E R | 2012 | European Food Research and Technology2012，234，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Raymond concrete cylinder piles in arabian gulf 显示文摘 | Engelling P D Hayden R F Hawkins R A | 1984 | International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts1984，，5： | 1 |
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