| 1 | No expenditure difference among patients with liver cancer at stageⅠ-ⅣV:Findings from a multicenter cross-sectional study in China显示文摘Objective:The number of liver cancer patients in China accounts for more than half of the world.However,China currently lacks national,multicenter economic burden data,and meanwhile,measuring the differences among different subgroups will be informative to formulate corresponding policies in liver cancer control.Thus,the aim of the study was to measure the economic burden of liver cancer by various subgroups.Methods:A hospital-based,multicenter and cross-sectional survey was conducted during 2012・2014,covering 39 hospitals and 21 project sites in 13 provinces across China.The questionnaire covers clinical information,sociology,expenditure,and related variables.All expenditure data were reported in Chinese Yuan(CNY)using 2014 values.Results:A total of 2,223 liver cancer patients were enrolled,of whom 59.61%were late-stage cases(III-IV),and 53.8%were hepatocellular carcinoma.The average total expenditure per liver cancer patient was estimated as 53,220 CNY,including 48,612 CNY of medical expenditures(91.3%)and 4,608 CNY of non-medical expenditures(8.7%).The average total expenditures in stage I,H,m and stage IV were 52,817 CNY,50,877 CNY,50,678 CNY and 54,089 CNY(P>0.05),respectively.Non-medical expenditures including additional meals,additional nutrition care,transportation,accommodation and hired informal nursing were 1,453 CNY,839 CNY,946 CNY,679 CNY and 200 CNY,respectively.The one-year out-of-pocket expenditure of a newly diagnosed patient was 24,953 CNY,and 77.2%of the patients suffered an unmanageable financial burden.Multivariate analysis showed that overall expenditure differed in almost all subgroups(P<0.05),except for sex,clinical stage,and pathologic type.Conclusions:There was no difference in treatment expenditure for liver cancer patients at different clinical stages,which suggests that maintaining efforts on treatment efficacy improvement is important but not enough.To fiirtherly reduce the overall economic burden from liver cancer,more effort should be given to primary and secondary prevention strategies. | Haike Lei Lin Lei Jufang Shi Yongzhong Wu Ling Liang Huiyao Huang Mei He Fangzhou Bai Maomao Cao Hui Qiu Yuting Wang Chengcheng Liu Jia Du Hong Wang Yan Zhang Mengdi Cao Ji Peng Ni Li Chunfeng Qu Min Dai Wanqing Chen Jie He | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2020，32，4： | 7 |
| 2 | Time-frequency analysis of Li solid-phase diffusion in spherical active particles under typical discharge modes显示文摘Li transient concentration distribution in spherical active material particles can affect the maximum power density and the safe operating regime of the electric vehicles(EVs). On one hand, the quasiexact/exact solution obtained in the time/frequency domain is time-consuming and just as a reference value for approximate solutions;on the other hand, calculation errors and application range of approximate solutions not only rely on approximate algorithms but also on discharge modes. For the purpose to track the transient dynamics for Li solid-phase diffusion in spherical active particles with a tolerable error range and for a wide applicable range, it is necessary to choose optimal approximate algorithms in terms of discharge modes and the nature of active material particles. In this study, approximation methods,such as diffusion length method, polynomial profile approximation method, Padé approximation method,pseudo steady state method, eigenfunction-based Galerkin collocation method, and separation of variables method for solving Li solid-phase diffusion in spherical active particles are compared from calculation fundamentals to algorithm implementation. Furthermore, these approximate solutions are quantitatively compared to the quasi-exact/exact solution in the time/frequency domain under typical discharge modes, i.e., start-up, slow-down, and speed-up. The results obtained from the viewpoint of time-frequency analysis offer a theoretical foundation on how to track Li transient concentration profile in spherical active particles with a high precision and for a wide application range. In turn, optimal solutions of Li solid diffusion equations for spherical active particles can improve the reliability in predicting safe operating regime and estimating maximum power for automotive batteries. | Qiu-An Huang Yuxuan Bai Liang Wang Juan Wang Fangzhou Zhang Linlin Wang Xifei Li Jiujun Zhang | 2022 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2022，31，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Protein phosphatase 6 (Pp6) is crucial for regulatory T cell function and stability in autoimmunity显示文摘Regulatory T(T_(reg))cells constitute a dynamic population that is critical in autoimmunity.T_(reg) cell therapies for autoimmune diseases are mainly focused on enhancing their suppressive activities.However,recent studies demonstrated that certain inflammatory conditions induce T_(reg) cell instability with diminished FoxP3 expression and convert them into pathogenic effector cells.Therefore,the identification of novel targets crucial to both T_(reg) cell function and plasticity is of vital importance to the development of therapeutic approaches in autoimmunity.In this study,we found that conditional Pp6 knockout(cKO)in T_(reg) cells led to spontaneous autoinflammation,immune cell activation,and diminished levels of FoxP3 in CD4^(+)T cells in mice.Loss of Pp6 in T_(reg) cells exacerbated two classical mouse models of T_(reg)-related autoinflammation.Mechanistically,Pp6 deficiency increased CpG motif methylation of the FoxP3 locus by dephosphorylating Dnmt1 and enhancing Akt phosphorylation at Ser473/Thr308,leading to impaired FoxP3 expression in T_(reg) cells.In summary,our study proposes Pp6 as a critical positive regulator of FoxP3 that acts by decreasing DNA methylation of the FoxP3 gene enhancer and inhibiting Akt signaling,thus maintaining T_(reg) cell stability and preventing autoimmune diseases. | Wei Cai Junxun Zhang Hong Zhou Xiangxiao Li Fangzhou Lou Yang Sun Zhenyao Xu Jing Bai Qianqian Yin Zhikai Wang Libo Sun Xiaojie Cai Sibei Tang Yue Wu Li Fan Hong Wang Honglin Wang Qun Li | 2022 | Genes & Diseases2022，9，2： | 0 |
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