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| 1 | Medical decompression of vertebral hydatidosis显示文摘 | LamKS FarajA MulhollandRC | 1997 | Spine (Phila Pa 1976)1997，22，17： | 1 |
| 2 | Multiclonal asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections predict a reduced risk of malaria disease in a Tanzanian population显示文摘 | Sándor Bereczky Anne Liljander Ingegerd Rooth Lea Faraja Fredrik Granath Scott M. Montgomery Anna F?rnert | 2006 | Microbes and Infection2006，，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Sustainable strategies for Ebola virus disease outbreak preparedness in Africa:a case study on lessons learnt in countries neighbouring the Democratic Republic of the Congo显示文摘Background: From May 2018 to September 2022, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) experienced seven Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreaks within its borders. During the 10th EVD outbreak (2018–2020), the largest experienced in the DRC and the second largest and most prolonged EVD outbreak recorded globally, a WHO risk assessment identified nine countries bordering the DRC as moderate to high risk from cross border importation. These countries implemented varying levels of Ebola virus disease preparedness interventions. This case study highlights the gains and shortfalls with the Ebola virus disease preparedness interventions within the various contexts of these countries against the background of a renewed and growing commitment for global epidemic preparedness highlighted during recent World Health Assembly events.Main text: Several positive impacts from preparedness support to countries bordering the affected provinces in the DRC were identified, including development of sustained capacities which were leveraged upon to respond to the subsequent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Shortfalls such as lost opportunities for operationalizing cross-border regional preparedness collaboration and better integration of multidisciplinary perspectives, vertical approaches to response pillars such as surveillance, over dependence on external support and duplication of efforts especially in areas of capacity building were also identified. A recurrent theme that emerged from this case study is the propensity towards implementing short-term interventions during active Ebola virus disease outbreaks for preparedness rather than sustainable investment into strengthening systems for improved health security in alignment with IHR obligations, the Sustainable Development Goals and advocating global policy for addressing the larger structural determinants underscoring these outbreaks.Conclusions: Despite several international frameworks established at the global level for emergency preparedness, a shortfall exists between global policy and practice in countries at high risk of cross border transmission from persistent Ebola virus disease outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo. With renewed global health commitment for country emergency preparedness resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and cumulating in a resolution for a pandemic preparedness treaty, the time to review and address these gaps and provide recommendations for more sustainable and integrative approaches to emergency preparedness towards achieving global health security is now. | Caroline S.Ryan Marie‑Roseline D.Belizaire Miriam Nanyunja Olushayo Oluseun Olu Yahaya Ali Ahmed Anderson Latt Matthew Tut Kol Bertrand Bamuleke Jayne Tusiime Nadia Nsabimbona Ishata Conteh Shamiso Nyashanu Patrick Otim Ramadan Solomon Fisseha Woldetsadik Jean‑Pierre Mulunda Nkata Jim T.Ntwari Senya D.Nzeyimana Leopold Ouedraogo Georges Batona Vedaste Ndahindwa Elizabeth A.Mgamb Magdalene Armah Joseph Francis Wamala Argata Guracha Guyo Alex Yao Sokemawu Freeman Alexander Chimbaru Innocent Komakech Muhau Kuku Walter M.Firmino Grace E.Saguti Faraja Msemwa Shikanga O‑Tipo Precious C.Kalubula Ngoy Nsenga Ambrose Otau Talisuna | 2022 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2022，11，6： | 0 |
| 4 | Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis:extinction or outbreak显示文摘Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis are neglected zoonotic diseases that affect human health and economies of developing countries.In this work,we formulate and analyze deterministic and continuous time Markov chain(CTMC)stochastic models to determine parameters that drive Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis and the likelihood of their extinction.The basic reproduction number R0 is computed by the next generation matrix approach,sensitivity index of each parameter in R0 is derived by the normalized forward sensitivity index and the likelihood of diseases’extinction is computed by the multitype branching process.The analysis shows that humans with Taenia solium taeniasis,infectious pork and Taenia solium eggs in the environment play an important role in the transmission of Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis,and the model exhibits forward bifurcation at R0=1.This implies that R0<1 is a sufficient condition to eliminate Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis.For CTMC model,analysis shows that the probability of Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis extinction is high if the diseases emerge from humans with Taenia solium cysticercosis and there is an outbreak if the diseases emerge from either humans with Taenia solium taeniasis or infectious pork or Taenia solium eggs in the environment.To control Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis,the intervention strategies should focus on improving hygiene and sanitation for reducing shedding rate of Taenia solium eggs in the environment,inspection of pork for reducing the rate of acquiring Taenia solium taeniasis and spraying of insecticides for killing Taenia solium eggs in the environment. | Jacob I.Irunde Faraja B.Luhanda | 2023 | Animal Diseases2023，3，2： | 0 |
| 5 | Pattern of congenital anomalies among pediatric surgical patients in a tertiary care hospital in northern Tanzania显示文摘Background Congenital anomalies are major causes of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age and make a significant contribution to the surgical burden of diseases.Most anomalies have multifactorial causes and commonly affect the central nervous,cardiovascular,gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal systems.Countries with improved pediatric surgical care have shown dramatic reductions in morbidity and mortality rates.The aim of this study was to analyze the pattern of congenital anomalies presenting in our surgical departments in patients under 5 years of age.Methods A retrospective descriptive study was done.Data were obtained from clinical records of patients under 5 years of age,who underwent surgical correction of their congenital anomalies between 2017 and 2021.Analysis was done to identify the proportion of congenital anomalies managed in our setting.Results Congenital anomalies contributed 4.6%of overall surgical burden.Totally,822 patients with congenital anomalies were included for analysis.The most commonly diagnosed congenital anomaly was inguinal hernia,followed by hydrocephalus,neural tube defects and cleft lips.The most commonly affected system was the central nervous system,anterior abdominal wall,orofacial and digestive system in decreasing order of frequency.Most of our patients presented outside the neonatal period(84.4%),and few(16.1%)had more than one system affected.Male children comprised 64%.Conclusions Delayed presentation of children with congenital anomalies is still a significant problem in our area.Prevention through nutritional supplementation and antenatal screening is crucial.The true epidemiology of congenital anomalies in northern Tanzania is still obscure. | Faraja Mussa Magwesela Happiness Rabiel Catherine Mlelwa Mung'ong'o | 2022 | World Journal of Pediatric Surgery2022，5，4： | 0 |
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