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| 1 | Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant capacity,blood biochemical biomarkers and cytokines expression in broiler chickens fed different phytogenic levels显示文摘The effects of inclusion levels of a phytogenic feed additive(PFA), characterized by menthol anethol and eugenol, on broiler growth performance, nutrient digestibility, biochemical biomarkers and total antioxidant capacity(TAC) of plasma and meat, as well as on the relative expression of selected cytokines,were studied in a 42-d experiment. A total of 225 one-day-old male Cobb broiler chickens were assigned into 3 treatments, with 5 replicates of 15 chickens each. Chickens were fed maize-soybean meal basal diets following a 3 phase(i.e., starter, grower and finisher) feeding program. Depending on PFA inclusion level, treatments were: no PFA(PFA-0), PFA at 100 mg/kg(PFA-100) and PFA at 150 mg/kg(PFA-150).Feed and water were available ad libitum. Feed conversion ratio(FCR) during finisher phase was improved quadratically(P < 0.05) with increasing PFA level. Overall, increasing PFA level increased body weight gain(BWG) in a linear(P < 0.05) and quadratic(P < 0.05) manner with treatments PFA-100 and PFA-150 being greater(P < 0.05) compared with PFA-0. Total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter increased linearly(P < 0.05) and quadratically(P < 0.05) with increasing PFA level. The apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen(AMEn) also increased linearly(P < 0.05). Increasing PFA level resulted in a linear(P < 0.05) increase in blood plasma TAC. Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-18(IL-18) was reduced linearly(P < 0.05) in spleen with increasing PFA level. In conclusion, PFA inclusion at 100 mg/kg diet positively influenced performance, whereas PFA inclusion at150 mg/kg resulted in a stronger improvement in AMEn and plasma TAC. Finally, PFA inclusion resulted in a pattern of reduced pro-inflammatory biomarker IL-18 at spleen. Overall, this study provides evidence for the beneficial role of PFA as a natural growth and health promoter in broiler chickens that needs to be further confirmed in field studies. | Vasileios Paraskeuas Konstantinos Fegeros Irida Palamidi Christine Hunger Konstantinos C.Mountzouris | 2017 | Animal Nutrition2017，，2： | 5 |
| 2 | Assessment of Pb retention coefficient and nutrient utilization in growing pigs fed diets with added clinopalolite显示文摘 | Fokas P Zervas G Fegeros K | 2004 | Animal Feed Science and Technology2004，117，： | 1 |
| 3 | Dietary probiotic inclusion level modulates intestinal mucin composition and mucosal morphology in broilers显示文摘 | Tsirtsikos P Fegeros K Balaskas C | | 0，，8： | 1 |
| 4 | Assessment of Pb retention coefficientand nutrient utilizationin growing pigsfed dietswith addedclinoptilolite显示文摘 | Fokas P Zervas G Fegeros K | 2004 | Animal Feed Science and Technology2004，117，： | 1 |
| 5 | Modulation of intestinal mucin composition and mucosal morphology by dietary phytogenic inclusion level in broilers显示文摘 | Tsirtsikos P Fegeros K Kominakis A | | 0，，7： | 1 |
| 6 | Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Various Functional Properties of Macrophages and Neutrophils Obtained from Weaned Piglets 显示文摘 | Fragou S Fegeros K Xylouri E | 2004 | Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A2004，51，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Soy hulls as a replacement for maize in lactating dairy ewe diets with or without dietary fat supplements 显示文摘 | Zervas G Fegeros K Koytsotolis K C | 1998 | Animal Feed Science and Technology1998，76，： | 1 |
| 8 | Utilization of fats based on the composition of sow milk fat in the diet of weanling pigs显示文摘 | Mountzourisl K C Fegeros K Papadopoulos G | 1999 | Animal Feed Science and Technology1999，77，： | 1 |
| 9 | Effect of vitamin E supplementation on various functional properties of macrophages and neutrophils obtained from weaned piglets显示文摘 | Fragou S Fegeros K Xylouri E | 2004 | Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A2004，51，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Assessment of Pb retention coefficient and nutrient utilization in growing pigs diets with added clinoptilolite显示文摘 | Fokas P Zervas G Fegeros K et d | 2004 | Anim Feed Sci Technol2004，117，： | 1 |
| 11 | Soy hulls as a re- placement for maize in lactating dairy ewe diets with or without dietary fat supplements 显示文摘 | Zervas G Fegeros K Koytsotolis K | 1998 | Animal Feed Sci- ence and Technology1998，76，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Nuthrive value of dried citrus pulp and its effect on milk yield and milk composition of lactating ewes显示文摘 | FEGEROS K ZERVAS G STAMOULI S | 1995 | Journal of Dairy Science1995，78，： | 1 |
| 13 | Nutritive Value of Dried Citrus Pulp and Its Effect on Milk Yield and Milk Composition of Lactating Ewes 显示文摘 | FEGEROS K ZERVAS G | 1995 | J Dairy Sci1995，78，： | 1 |
| 14 | Assessment of Pb re- tention coefficient and nutrient utilization in growing pigs fed dicts with added clinoptilolite显示文摘 | Fokas P Zervas G Fegeros K | 2004 | Animal Feed Science and Technology2004，，117： | 1 |
| 15 | Utilization of fats based on the composition of sow milk fat in the diet of weanling pigs显示文摘 | Mountzouris K C Fegeros K Papadopoulos G | 1999 | Anita Feed Sci Technol1999，77，： | 1 |
| 16 | Soy Hulls as a Replacement for Maize in lactating Dairy Ewe Diets with or without Dietary Fat Supplements显示文摘 | Zervas G Fegeros K Koytsotolis K | 1998 | Anim Feed Sci Tech1998，76，： | 1 |
| 17 | Prediction of chemical, nutritive and agronomic characteristics of wheat by near infrared spectroscopy 显示文摘 | Gamsworthy P C Wiseman J Fegeros K | 2000 | J Agr Sci2000，135，： | 1 |
| 18 | Nutritive value of drid citrus pulp and its effect on milk yield and milk composition of lactating ewes 显示文摘 | Fegeros K Zervas G | 1995 | J Dairy Sci1995，78，： | 1 |
| 19 | Assessment of Pb retention coefficient and nutrient utilization in growing pigs fed diets with added clinoptilolite显示文摘 | G Zervas K Fegeros | 2004 | Animal Feed Science and Technology2004，117，： | 1 |
| 20 | Predication of chemical,nutritive and agronomic characteristics of wheat by NIR spectroscopy显示文摘 | Garnsworthy J Fegeros K W | 2000 | Journal of Agricultural Science2000，135，： | 1 |
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