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| 1 | Upper-gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to peptic ulcer disease:Incidence and outcomes显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the incidence,surgery,mortality,and readmission of upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB)secondary to peptic ulcer disease(PUD).METHODS:Administrative databases identified all hospitalizations for UGIB secondary to PUD in Alberta,Canada from 2004 to 2010(n=7079)using the International Classification of Diseases Codes(ICD-10).A subset of the data was validated using endoscopy reports.Positive predictive value and sensitivity with 95%confidence intervals(CI)were calculated.Incidence of UGIB secondary to PUD was calculated.Logistic regression was used to evaluate surgery,in-hospital mortality,and 30-d readmission to hospital with recurrent UGIB secondary to PUD.Co-variants accounted for in our logistic regression model included:age,sex,area of residence(i.e.,urban vs rural),number of Charlson comorbidities,presence of perforated PUD,undergoing upper endoscopy,year of admission,and interventional radiological attempt at controlling bleeding.A subgroup analysis(n=6356)compared outcomes of patients with gastric ulcers to those with duodenal ulcers.Adjusted estimates are presented as odds ratios(OR)with95%CI.RESULTS:The positive predictive value and sensitivity of ICD-10 coding for UGIB secondary to PUD were85.2%(95%CI:80.2%-90.2%)and 77.1%(95%CI:69.1%-85.2%),respectively.The annual incidence between 2004 and 2010 ranged from 35.4 to 41.2 per100000.Overall risk of surgery,in-hospital mortality,and 30-d readmission to hospital for UGIB secondary to PUD were 4.3%,8.5%,and 4.7%,respectively.Interventional radiology to control bleeding was performed in 0.6%of patients and 76%of these patients avoided surgical intervention.Thirty-day readmission significantly increased from 3.1%in 2004 to 5.2%in 2010(OR=1.07;95%CI:1.01-1.14).Rural residents(OR rural vs urban:2.35;95%CI:1.83-3.01)and older individuals(OR≥65 vs<65:1.57;95%CI:1.21-2.04)were at higher odds of being readmitted to hospital.Patients with duodenal ulcers had higher odds of dying(OR=1.27;95%CI:1.05-1.53),requiring surgery(OR=1.73;95%CI:1.34-2.23),and being readmitted to hospital(OR=1.54;95%CI:1.19-1.99)when compared to gastric ulcers.CONCLUSION:UGIB secondary to PUD,particularly duodenal ulcers,was associated with significant morbidity and mortality.Early readmissions increased over time and occurred more commonly in rural areas. | Samuel Quan Alexandra Frolkis Kaylee Milne Natalie Molodecky Hong Yang Elijah Dixon Chad G Ball Robert P Myers Subrata Ghosh Robert Hilsden Sander Veldhuyzen van Zanten Gilaad G Kaplan | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 21 |
| 2 | Molecular alterations in gastric cancer with special reference to the early-onset subtype显示文摘Currently, gastric cancer(GC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed neoplasms, with a global burden of 723000 deaths in 2012. It is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. There are numerous possible factors that stimulate the procarcinogenic activity of important genes. These factors include genetic susceptibility expressed in a singlenucleotide polymorphism, various acquired mutations(chromosomal instability, microsatellite instability, somatic gene mutations, epigenetic alterations) and environmental circumstances(e.g., helicobcter pylori infection, EBV infection, diet, and smoking). Most of the aforementioned pathways overlap, and authors agree that a clear-cut pathway for GC may not exist. Thus, the categorization of carcinogenic events is complicated. Lately, it has been claimed that research on early-onset gastric carcinoma(EOGC) and hereditary GC may contribute towards unravelling some part of the mystery of the GC molecular pattern because young patients are less exposed to environmental carcinogens and because carcinogenesis in this setting may be more dependent on genetic factors. The comparison of various aspects that differ and coexist in EOGCs and conventional GCs might enable scientists to: distinguish which features in the pathway of gastric carcinogenesisare modifiable, discover specific GC markers and identify a specific target. This review provides a summary of the data published thus far concerning the molecular characteristics of GC and highlights the outstanding features of EOGC. | Malgorzata Skierucha Anya NA Milne G Johan A Offerhaus Wojciech P Polkowski Ryszard Maciejewski Robert Sitarz | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，8： | 6 |
| 3 | Early-onset gastric cancer:Learning lessons from the young显示文摘There is by no means a clear-cut pattern of mutations contributing to gastric cancers,and gastric cancer research can be hampered by the diversity of factors that can induce gastric cancer,such as Helicobacter pylori infection,diet,ageing and other environmental factors.Tumours are unquestionably riddled with genetic changes yet we are faced with an unsolvable puzzle with respect to a temporal relationship.It is postulated that inherited genetic factors may be more important in early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC) than in gastric cancers found in older patients as they have less exposure to environmental carcinogens.EOGC,therefore,could provide a key to unravelling the genetic changes in gastric carcinogenesis.Gastric cancers occurring in young patients provide an ideal background on which to try and uncover the initiating stages of gastric carcinogenesis.This review summarizes the literature regarding EOGC and also presents evidence that these cancers have a unique molecular-genetic phenotype,distinct from conventional gastric cancer. | Anya N Milne G Johan A Offerhaus | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2010，2，2： | 3 |
| 4 | Bayesian probabilistic network modeling of remifentanil and propofol interaction on wakeup time after close-loop controlled anesthesia显示文摘 | Bothner U Milne S E Kenny G N C | 2002 | J Clin Monit2002，17，： | 2 |
| 5 | Collagen Type X:a component of the surface of normal human,pig,and rat articular cartilage显示文摘 | Rucklidge GJ Milne G Robins SP | 1996 | Biochem Biophys Res Commun1996，224，： | 1 |
| 6 | Urease inhibition in the sheep rumen and its effect on urea and nitrogen metabolism 显示文摘 | Whitelaw F G Milne J S Wright H A | 1991 | British J Nutr1991，66，： | 1 |
| 7 | Hippocampal metabolic abnormalities at first onsetand with recurrent episodes of a major depressivedisorder : A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopystudy 显示文摘 | MILNE A MACQUEEN G M YUCEL K | 2009 | Neuroimage2009，47，： | 1 |
| 8 | Invasive phy- tophagous pests arising through a recent evolutionary radiation: theBaetrocera dorsalis complex of tropical fruit flies显示文摘 | CLARKE A R ARMSTRONG K F CARMICHAEL A E MILNE J R RAGHU S RODERICK G K YEATES D K | 2005 | Annual Review of Entomology2005，50，： | 1 |
| 9 | Efficacy of continuous passive motion following total knee arthroplasty: A meta - analysis显示文摘 | Brosseau L Milne S Wells G | 2004 | J Rheumatol2004，31，11： | 1 |
| 10 | The uninary excretion of Nτ -methyl histidine in sheep:an invalid index of muscle protein breakdown显示文摘 | Harris C I G Milne | 1980 | Br J Nutr1980，44，： | 1 |
| 11 | Toward a systems approach to understanding plant cell walls显示文摘 | SOMERVILLE C BAUER S BRININSTOOL G FACETTE M HAMANN T MILNE J OSBORNE E PAREDEZ A PERSSON S RAAB T VORWERK S YOUNGS H | 2004 | Science2004，306，： | 1 |
| 12 | Relationship between bispectral index,auditory evoked potential index and effect-site EC50 for propofol at two clinical end -points 显示文摘 | Milne S E Troy A Irwin M G | 2003 | Br J Anaesth2003，90，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Mechanisms of Fermi level pinning in Schottky barriers on InGaAsSb and AlGaAsSb 显示文摘 | Polyakov A Y Milnes A G Smimov N B | 1993 | Solid - State Electronics1993，36，10： | 1 |
| 14 | Propofol sparing effect of remifentanil using closed-loop anaesthesia 显示文摘 | Milne S E Kenny G N Schraag S | 2003 | Br J Anaesth2003，90，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Electron microscopic changes in human oesophage~al epithelium in oesophagitis 显示文摘 | Hopwood D Milne G Logan KR | 1979 | J Pathol1979，129，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Pulmonary sarcoidosis:morphologic associations of airflow obstrution at thin-section CT显示文摘 | Hansell D M Milne D G Wilsher M L | 1998 | Radiology1998，209，3： | 1 |
| 17 | A list of proposed standard acronyms for plant viruses and viroids显示文摘 | Hull R Milne R G Van Rerenmortel M H V | 1991 | Archives of Virology1991，120，： | 1 |
| 18 | High-temperature, short-time sulphation of calcium-based sorbents I Theoretical sulphatiort model显示文摘 | Milne C R Silcox G D | 1990 | Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research1990，29，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Consumers' protection of online privacy and iden- tity显示文摘 | Milne G R | 2004 | Journal of Consumer Affairs2004，38，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Human biochemistry of the iso- prostane pathway显示文摘 | Milne G L Yin H Morrow J D | 2008 | Biol Chem2008，283，15： | 1 |
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