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| 1 | Irritable bowel syndrome: A microbiome-gut-brain axis disorder?显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is an extremely prevalent but poorly understood gastrointestinal disorder. Consequently, there are no clear diagnostic markers to help diagnose the disorder and treatment options are limited to management of the symptoms. The concept of a dysregulated gut-brain axis has been adopted as a suitable model for the disorder. The gut microbiome may play an important role in the onset and exacerbation of symptoms in the disorder and has been extensively studied in this context. Although a causal role cannot yet be inferred from the clinical studies which have attempted to characterise the gut microbiota in IBS, they do confirm alterations in both community stability and diversity. Moreover, it has been reliably demonstrated that manipulation of the microbiota can influence the key symptoms, including abdominal pain and bowel habit, and other prominent features of IBS. A variety of strategies have been taken to study these interactions, including probiotics, antibiotics, faecal transplantations and the use of germ-free animals. There are clear mechanisms through which the microbiota can produce these effects, both humoral and neural. Taken together, these findings firmly establish the microbiota as a critical node in the gut-brain axis and one which is amenable to therapeutic interventions. | Paul J Kennedy John F Cryan Timothy G Dinan Gerard Clarke | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，39： | 20 |
| 2 | Imaging of bone metastasis: An update显示文摘Early detection of skeletal metastasis is critical for accurate staging and optimal treatment. This paper briefly reviews our current understanding of the biological mechanisms through which tumours metastasise to bone and describes the available imaging methods to diagnose bone metastasis and monitor response to treatment. Among the various imaging modalities currently available for imaging skeletal metastasis, hybrid techniques whichfuse morphological and functional data are the most sensitive and specific, and positron emission tomography(PET)/computed tomography and PET/magnetic resonance imaging will almost certainly continue to evolve and become increasingly important in this regard. | Gerard J O'Sullivan Fiona L Carty Carmel G Cronin | 2015 | World Journal of Radiology2015，7，8： | 10 |
| 3 | Re-challenge chemotherapy with gemcitabine plus carboplatin in patients with non-small cell lung cancer显示文摘Despite recent improvements to current therapies and the emergence of novel agents to manage advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),the patients′overall survival remains poor.Re-challenging with first-line chemotherapy upon relapse is common in the management of small cell lung cancer but is not well reported for advanced NSCLC.NSCLC relapse has been attributed to acquired drug resistance,but the repopulation of sensitive clones may also play a role,in which case re-challenge may be appropriate.Here,we report the results of re-challenge with gemcitabine plus carboplatin in 22 patients from a single institution who had previously received gemcitabine plus platinum in the first-line setting and had either partial response or a progression-free interval of longer than 6 months.In this retrospective study,the charts of patients who underwent second-line chemotherapy for NSCLC in our cancer center between January 2005 and April 2010 were reviewed.All the patients who received a combination of gemcitabine and carboplatin for re-challenge were included in the study.These patients were offered second-line treatment on confirmation of clear radiological disease progression.The overall response rate was 15%and disease control rate was 75%.The median survival time was 10.4 months,with 46%of patients alive at 1 year.These results suggest that re-challenge chemotherapy should be considered in selected patients with radiological partial response or a progression-free survival of longer than 6 months to the initial therapy. | Khurum Khan Gerard G Hanna Lynn Campbell Paula Scullin Adnan Hussain Ruth L Eakin Jonathan McAleese | 2013 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2013，32，10： | 3 |
| 4 | Serotonin type 3 receptor subunit gene polymorphisms associated with psychosomatic symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome:A multicenter retrospective study显示文摘BACKGROUND Single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)of the serotonin type 3 receptor subunit(HTR3)genes have been associated with psychosomatic symptoms,but it is not clear whether these associations exist in irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).AIM To assess the association of HTR3 polymorphisms with depressive,anxiety,and somatization symptoms in individuals with IBS.METHODS In this retrospective study,623 participants with IBS were recruited from five specialty centers in Germany,Sweden,the United States,the United Kingdom,and Ireland.Depressive,anxiety,and somatization symptoms and sociodemographic characteristics were collected.Four functional SNPs—HTR3A c.-42C>T,HTR3B c.386A>C,HTR3C c.489C>A,and HTR3E c.*76G>A—were genotyped and analyzed using the dominant and recessive models.We also performed separate analyses for sex and IBS subtypes.SNP scores were calculated as the number of minor alleles of the SNPs above.The impact of HTR3C c.489C>A was tested by radioligand-binding and calcium influx assays.RESULTS Depressive and anxiety symptoms significantly worsened with increasing numbers of minor HTR3C c.489C>A alleles in the dominant model(F_(depressive)=7.475,P_(depressive)=0.006;F_(anxiety)=6.535,P_(anxiety)=0.011).A higher SNP score(range 0-6)was linked to a worsened depressive symptoms score(F=7.710,P-linear trend=0.006)in IBS.The potential relevance of the HTR3C SNP was corroborated,showing changes in the expression level of 5-HT3AC variant receptors.CONCLUSION We have provided the first evidence that HTR3C c.489C>A is involved in depressive and anxiety symptoms in individuals with IBS.The SNP score indicated that an increasing number of minor alleles is linked to the worsening of depressive symptoms in IBS. | Sabrina Berens Yuanjun Dong Nikola Fritz Jutta Walstab Mauro D'Amato Tenghao Zheng Verena Wahl Felix Boekstegers Justo Lorenzo Bermejo Cristina Martinez Stefanie Schmitteckert Egbert Clevers Felicitas Engel Annika Gauss Wolfgang Herzog Robin Spiller Miriam Goebel-Stengel Hubert Mönnikes Viola Andresen Frieling Thomas Jutta Keller Christian Pehl Christoph Stein-Thöringer Gerard Clarke Timothy G Dinan Eamonn M Quigley Gregory Sayuk Magnus Simrén Jonas Tesarz Gudrun Rappold Lukas van Oudenhove Rainer Schaefert Beate Niesler | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，21： | 2 |
| 5 | Nonlinear acoustic echo cancellation based on volterra filters 显示文摘 | G Alexandre F Gerard L B J Regine | 2003 | IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing2003，11，6： | 1 |
| 6 | The Impact of Agri- cultural Soil Erosion on Biogeochemical Cycling 显示文摘 | JONH N Q GERARD G KRISTOF V O | 2010 | Nature Geo- science2010，3，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Technological Evolution and Radical Innovation 显示文摘 | ASHiSH SOOD GERARD J TELLIS G J | 2005 | Journal of Marketing2005，69，1： | 1 |
| 8 | In vivo effect of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-1 RA on oocyte cytoplasmic maturation,ovulation, and early embryonic development in the mare显示文摘 | Gailland M Duchamp G Gerard N | 2005 | Reprod Biol Endocrinol2005，22，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Quantification of methane oxidation in the rhizosphere of emergent aquatic macrophytes: Defining upper limits显示文摘 | Gerard G Chanton J | 1993 | Biogeochemistry1993，23，： | 1 |
| 10 | Extensive sorption of or-ganic compounds to black carbon, coal, and kerogen in sedi-ments and soils : mechanisms and consequences for distribu-tion ,bioaccumulation,and biodegradation 显示文摘 | Gerard C Oijan G Tomas D | 2005 | Environmen-tal Science Technology2005，39，18： | 1 |
| 11 | Plasmatic cystatin C for the estimation of glomerular filtration rate in intensive care units显示文摘 | Delanaye P Lambermont B Chapelle J P Gielen J Gerard P Rorive G | 2004 | Intensive Care Med2004，30，98： | 1 |
| 12 | Substrate and enzyme distribution in cells and eell fractions of the nervous system显示文摘 | Abood L G Gerard R W Tschirgi R D | 1952 | Am J Physiol1952，168，： | 1 |
| 13 | Metabolism and growth of juveniles of Litopenaeus vannamei: effect of salinity and dietary carbohydrate levels 显示文摘 | Carlos R Gerard C Gabriela G | 2001 | Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology2001，259，： | 1 |
| 14 | The response ot sod ero- sion and sediment export to land-use change in four areas of Europe : the importance of landscape pattern 显示文摘 | Martha M B Gerard G Anne V D | 2008 | Geomorphology2008，98，34： | 1 |
| 15 | Crushing behavior of aluminum honeycombs under impact loading显示文摘 | GERARD G | 1998 | International Journal of Impact Engineering1998，21，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Insecticidal activity of Huperzine A from the new Zealand clubmoss, Lycopodium varium显示文摘 | Ainge G D Lorimer S D Gerard P J | 2002 | J Agric Food Chem2002，50，： | 1 |
| 17 | Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects in Flame Retardancy of an Intumescent Epoxy Resin显示文摘 | Gerard C Fontaine G Bourbigot S | 2011 | Polymers for Advanced Technologies2011，22，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Capsule endoscopy:technique and indications 显示文摘 | Michel D Gerard G | 2008 | Best Pract Res Clin Gastroentero12008，22，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Factorial effects of salinity, dietary carbohydrate and moult cycle on digestive carbohydrases and hexokinases in Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931 ) 显示文摘 | Gabriela G Gerard C Tomds G | 2005 | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology2005，140，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Correlation between the loss of thyroglobulin iodination and the expression of thyroid-specific proteins involved in iodine metabolism in thyroid carcinomas 显示文摘 | Gerard AC Daumerie G Mestdagh C | 2003 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2003，88，10： | 1 |
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