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| 1 | 针对患者利益的机器学习和人工智能研究:在透明性、可重复性、伦理和有效性等方面的20个关键问题显示文摘机器学习(ML)、人工智能(AI)和其他现代统计方法正为利用先前尚未开发且极速增长的数据资源提供新的机会,以期让患者获益。尽管目前正在进行许多有前景的研究,特别是在图像方面,但就文献整体而言还缺乏透明度、对可重复性清晰的阐述、对潜在伦理问题的探究,以及对有效性的明确验证。这些问题的存在有许多原因,其中最重要的一点(为此我们提供了初步解决方案)就是当前缺乏针对ML和AI的最佳实践指南。我们认为从事研究的跨学科团队和应用ML/AI影响健康的项目,将因解决有关透明度、可重复性、伦理和有效性(TREE)的一系列问题而受益。这里提出的20个关键问题为研究团队提供了一个研究设计、实施和报告框架;帮助编辑和同行评审专家评估文献的贡献;让患者、临床医生和政策制定者评估新发现可能会给患者带来的获益。 | Sebastian Vollmer Bilal A Mateen Gergo Bohner Franz J Kirdly Rayid Ghani Pall Jonsson Sarah Cumbers Adrian Jonas Katherine S L McAllister Puja Myles David Granger Mark Birse Richard Branson Karel G M Moons Gary S Collins John P A Chris Holmes Harry Hemingwayp 李峰(译) 徐磊(校) 赵邑(校) | 2020 | 英国医学杂志中文版2020，23，9： | 5 |
| 2 | GENETIC PROGRAMMING TO PREDICT SKI-JUMP BUCKET SPILLWAY SCOUR显示文摘Researchers in the past had noticed that application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in place of conventional statistics on the basis of data mining techniques predicts more accurate results in hydraulic predictions. Mostly these works pertained to applications of ANN. Recently, another tool of soft computing, namely, Genetic Programming (GP) has caught the attention of researchers in civil engineering computing. This article examines the usefulness of the GP based approach to predict the relative scour depth downstream of a common type of ski-jump bucket spillway. Actual field measurements were used to develop the GP model. The GP based estimations were found to be equally and more accurate than the ANN based ones, especially, when the underlying cause-effect relationship became more uncertain to model. | AZAMATHULLA H. MD GHANI A. AB ZAKARIA N. A LAI S. H CHANG C. K LEOW C. S ABUHASAN Z | 2008 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2008，20，4： | 4 |
| 3 | The role of acute and early HIV infection in the spread of HIV and implications for transmission prevention strategies in Lilongwe, Malawi: a modelling study显示文摘 | Kimberly A Powers Azra C Ghani William C Miller Irving F Hoffman Audrey E Pettifor Gift Kamanga Francis EA Martinson Myron S Cohen | 2011 | The Lancet . 2011 (9787)2011，，： | 1 |
| 4 | A class of proportional in tegral sliding mode control with application to active suspension system显示文摘 | Sam Y M Osman H S Ghani M R | 2004 | Systems & Control Letters2004，51，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Role for macrophage migration in- hibitory factor in asthma显示文摘 | Mizue Y Ghani S Leng L | 2005 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2005，102，14： | 1 |
| 6 | TCP/IP enhancements for satellite networks显示文摘 | Ghani N Dixit S | 1999 | IEEE Communications Magazine1999，37，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Generation of a high-titer packaging cell line for the production of retroviral vectors in sus- pension and serum-free media显示文摘 | Ghani K Cottin S Karnen A | 1991 | Gene Ther1991，14，24： | 1 |
| 8 | Shear Strength Characteristics of Sand-Waste Material Mixture显示文摘 | Chow S H Ismail N Ghani A | 2009 | The Institution of Engineers2009，70，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Serum IL-6 and IL-1-ra with sequential organ failure assessment scores in septic patients receiving high-volume haemofiltration and continuous venovenous haemofiltration 显示文摘 | Ghani RA Zainudin S Ctkong N | 2006 | Nephrology (Carlton)2006，11，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in asthma显示文摘 | Mizue Y Ghani S Leng L | 2005 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2005，102，14： | 1 |
| 11 | Bystander effect in glioblas- toma cells with a predominant cytoplasmic localization of conncx- in43显示文摘 | COTTIN S GHANI K CARUSO M | 2008 | Cancer Gene Ther2008，15，12： | 1 |
| 12 | Effect of nitrogen and phosphate fertilisers on microbial and nematode diversity in pasture soils显示文摘 | Sarathchandra S U Ghani A Yeates G W | 2001 | Soil Biology and Biochemistry2001，33，7： | 1 |
| 13 | A study of approaches to hypertext categorization 显示文摘 | Y Yang S Slattery R Ghani | 2002 | Journal of Intelligent Information Systems2002，18，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Serum IL-6 and IL- 1r α with sequential organ failure assessment scrores in septic patients receiving high-volume haemofiltration and continuous venovenous haemofiltration显示文摘 | Ghani RA Zainudin S Ctkong N | 2006 | Nephrology (Carlton)2006，11，： | 1 |
| 15 | A study of approaches to hypertext categorization显示文摘 | YANG Yi-ming SLATTERY S GHANI R | 2002 | J Intelligent Info Syst2002，18，23： | 1 |
| 16 | Intracoronary adenosine administered during percutaneous intervention in acute myocardial infarction and reduction in the incidence of 'no reflow' phenomenon显示文摘 | ASSALI AR SDRINGOLA S GHANI M | 2000 | Catheter Cardiovasc Interv2000，51，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Gemcitabine intercellular diffusion mediated by gap junctions: new implications for cancer therapy 显示文摘 | Cottin S Ghani K Campos-Lima PO | 2010 | MolCancer2010，9，： | 1 |
| 18 | Adsorption behaviour of Fe( Ⅱ ) and Fe( Ⅲ ) ions in aqueous solution on chitosan and eross-linked ehitosan beads 显示文摘 | WAN NGAH W S AB GHANI S KAMARI A | 2005 | Bioresouree Teehnology2005，96，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Adsorption behaviour of Fe (Ⅱ) and Fe ( Ⅲ) ions in aqueous solution on chitosan and cross - linked chitosan beads 显示文摘 | Ngah W S W Ghani S Ab Kamari AI | 2005 | Bioresource Technology2005，96，： | 1 |
| 20 | Gemcitabine intercellular diffusion mediated by gap junctions: new implications for cancer therapy 显示文摘 | Cottin S Ghani K de Campos-Lima PO | 2010 | Mol Cancer2010，9，： | 1 |
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