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| 1 | Why endophenotype development requires families显示文摘Endophenotypes are heritable quantitative traits that are associated with disease liability, can be measured in both affected and unaffected individuals, and provide much greater power to localize and identify risk genes for mental illness than does affection status alone. Traditionally, endophenotypic markers for psychiatric illnesses include in vivo neuroanatomic and functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements and indices of neurocognitive abilities. However, neurocognitive and neuroimaging measures are by no means the only classes of endophenotypes that could be useful for identifying genes for mental illness. Given the advantages of endophenotype-based strategies for elucidating the genetic underpinnings of psychiatric disorders, it would seem prudent to develop a wide range of putative endophenotypes. In order for a measure to be considered a valid endophenotype, it must meet a number of criteria. Specifically, the trait must (1) have moderate to high heritability, (2) be associated with the illness, (3) be independent of clinical state, and (4) impairment must co-segregate with the illness within a family, with non-affected family members showing impairment relative to the general population. While each of these criteria is critical, the heritability and co-segregation requirements are really what differentiate an endophenotype from a simple biomarker. At this time, one requires an experimental design that includes families to demonstrate both heritability and co-segregation. The assertion that novel endophenotypes can not be fully established without family data does not preclude work in unrelated individuals, rather that unrelated samples will only be able to nominate potential candidate endophenotypes that subsequently need to be confirmed in family-based experiments. | GLAHN David C BLANGERO John | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，32： | 2 |
| 2 | Feasibility study on oil droplet flow investigation inside aero engine bearing chambers- PDPA techniques in combination with numerical approaches显示文摘 | Glahn A Kurreck M Willman M | 1996 | Transactions of the ASnE-Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power1996，18，0： | 1 |
| 3 | Ultrasound as a deterrent to Rattus norvegicus显示文摘 | Lavoie GK Glahn JF | 1977 | J Stored Prod Res1977，13，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Influence of high rotational speeds on heat transfer and oil film thickness in aero-engine bearing chamber显示文摘 | Witting S Glahn A Himmelsbach J | 1994 | Journal of Engineering for Gas and Turbines and Power1994，116，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Treatment of progressive stroke with tirofiban-experience in 35 patients显示文摘 | Philipps J Thomalla G Glahn J | 2009 | Cerebrovasc Dis2009，28，： | 1 |
| 6 | Two phase air/oil flow in aero engine bearing chambers: characterization of oil film flows显示文摘 | Glahn A Witting S | 1996 | Transactions of the ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power1996，118，3： | 1 |
| 7 | The use of model output statistics (MOS) in objective weather forecasting显示文摘 | Glahn H R Lowry D A | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Recognizing and managing a malignant hyperthermia crisis: guidelines from the European Malignant Hyperthermia Group 显示文摘 | Glahn K_P Ellis FR Halsall PJ | 2010 | Br J Anaesth2010，105，4： | 1 |
| 9 | The anatomy of first-episode and chronic schizophrenia:an anatomical likelihood estimation meta-analysis显示文摘 | Ellison-Wright I Glahn DC Laird AR | 2008 | Am J Psychiatry2008，165，： | 1 |
| 10 | Defining and assessing adherence to oral antipsychotics: a review of the literature 显示文摘 | Velligan DI Lain YW Glahn DC | 2006 | Schizophr Bull2006，32，： | 1 |
| 11 | Two phase air/oil flow in aero-engine bearing chambers: characterization of oil film flows显示文摘 | Glahn A Wittig S | 1996 | Transactions of the ASME-Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power1996，118，7： | 1 |
| 12 | Intra-amniotic administration and dietary inulin affect the iron status and intestinal functionality of iron-- deficient broiler chickens 显示文摘 | Tako E Glahn R P | 2012 | Poultry Science2012，91，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Influence of high rotational speeds on heat transfer and oil film thickness in aero-eugine bear- ing chambers显示文摘 | Witting S Glahn A Himmelsbach J | 1994 | Transactions of the ASME Journal of En- gineering for Gas and Turbines and Power1994，116，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Iron uptake is enhanced in Caco-2 cell monolayers by cysteine and reduced eysteinyl glyeine显示文摘 | Glahn R P Van Campen D R | 1997 | The Journal of Nutrition1997，127，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Two-phase air/oil flow in aero engine bearing chambers: characterization of oil film flows 显示文摘 | Glahn A Wittig S | 1996 | Transactions of the ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power1996，118，7： | 1 |
| 16 | The bioavailability of iron fortied in whole grain parboiled rice显示文摘 | PROM-U-THAI C GLAHN R P CHENG Z Q | 2009 | Food Chemistry2009，112，： | 1 |
| 17 | Two-phase air/oil flow in aero- engine bearing chambers: characterization of oil film flows 显示文摘 | Glahn A Wittig S | 1996 | Transactions of the ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas and Turbines Power1996，118，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Adherence to secondary stroke prevention strategies-results from the German Stroke Data Bank显示文摘 | Hmann GF Weimar C Glahn J | 2003 | Cerebrovasc Dis2003，15，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Peptides isolated from in vitro digests of milk enhance iron uptake by caco-2 cells显示文摘 | Argyri K Miller D D Glahn R P | 2007 | J Agric Food Chem2007，55，10： | 1 |
| 20 | Defining and assessing adherence to oral antipchotics:a review of the literature显示文摘 | Velligan DI Lam YW Glahn DC | | 0，，4： | 1 |
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