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| 1 | Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction and bile duct microlithiasis in acute idiopathic pancreatitis显示文摘Although there are numerous causes of acute panc-reatitis, an etiology cannot always be found. Two potential etiologies, microlithiasis and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, are discussed in this review. Gallbladder microlithiasis, missed on transcutaneous ultrasound, is reported as the cause of idiopathic acute pancreatitis in a wide frequency range of 6%-80%. The best diagnostic technique for gallbladder microlithiasis is endoscopic ultrasound although biliary crystal analysis and empiric cholecystectomy remain as reasonable options. In contrast, in patients who are post-cholecystectomy, bile duct microlithiasis does not appear to have a role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction is present in 30%-65% of patients with idiopathic acute recurrent pancreatitis in whom other diagnoses have been excluded. It is unclear if this sphincter dysfunction was the original etiology of the first episode of pancreatitis although it appears to have a causative role in recurring episodes since sphincter ablation decreases the frequency of recurrent attacks. Unfortunately, this conclusion is primarily based on small retrospective case series; larger prospective studies of the outcome of pancreatic sphincterotomy for SOD-associated acute pancreatitis are sorely needed. Another problem with this diagnosis and its treatment is the concern over potential procedure related complications from endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), manometry and pancreatic sphincterotomy. For these reasons, patients should have recurrent acute pancreatitis, not a single episode, and have a careful informed consent before assessment of the sphincter of Oddi is undertaken. | Grace H Elta | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，7： | 30 |
| 2 | A survey of ampullectomy practices显示文摘AIM:To investigate the endoscopic ampullectomy practices of expert biliary endoscopists.METHODS:An anonymous survey was mailed to 79 expert biliary endoscopists to assess ampullectomy practices.RESULTS:Forty six(58%) biliary endoscopists returned the questionnaire.Of these, 63% were in academia and in practice for an average of 16.4 years(± 8.6).Endoscopists performed an average of 1.1(± 0.8) ampullectomies per month.Prior to ampullectomy, endoscopic ultrasound was'always'utilized by 67% of respondents vs'sometimes'in 31% of respondents.Empiric biliary sphincterotomy was not utilized uniformly, only 26%'always'and 37%'sometimes'performed it prior to resection.Fifty three percent reported'never'performing empiric pancreatic sphincterotomy prior to ampullectomy.Practitioners with high endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography volumes were the most likely to perform a pancreatic sphincterotomy(OR = 10.9;P = 0.09).Participants overwhelmingly favored'always'placing a prophylactic pancreatic stent, with 86% placing it after ampullectomy rather than prior to resection(23%).Argon plasma coagulation was the favored adjunct modality(83%) for removal of residual adenomatous tissue.Practitioners uniformly(100%) preferred follow-up examination to be within 6 mo post-ampullectomy.CONCLUSION:Among biliary experts, there is less variation in ampullectomy practices than is reflected in the literature. | Stacy B Menees Philip Schoenfeld Hyungjin Myra Kim Grace H Elta | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，28： | 2 |
| 3 | Dispersion Phenomena in High Viscosity Immiscible Fluid Systems and Application of Static Mixers as Dispersion Devices in Such Systems显示文摘 | Grace H | 1982 | Chemical Engineering Communications1982，14，3： | 1 |
| 4 | A fine-grained analysis of facial expression processing in high-functioning adults with autism显示文摘 | Kate H Nancy M Grace LL | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 5 | Structure and performance of filter media显示文摘 | Grace H P | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | The relationship between species density and community biomazs in grazed and ungrazed coastal meadows显示文摘 | Grace J B Jutila H | 1999 | Oikos1999，85，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Flow of pulp fibre suspension and slurries: A review显示文摘 | Cui H Grace J R | 2007 | International Journal of Multiphase Flow2007，33，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Ink Transfer Characteristics and coating structure显示文摘 | Lepoutre P De Grace J H | 1978 | Paper Technology and industry1978，19，9： | 1 |
| 9 | Mierostruetural aspects of the behavior of circulating fluidized beds显示文摘 | Brereton C M H Grace J R | 1993 | Chemical Engineer-ing Science1993，48，14： | 1 |
| 10 | Chaotic behavior of fluidized beds based on pressureand voidage fluctuations 显示文摘 | Bi H T Grace J R | 1997 | AIChE J1997，43，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Optimizing an Array of Antennas for Cellular Coverage from High Altitude Platform显示文摘 | Thornton J Grace D Capstick M H | 2003 | IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications2003，2，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Inhibition of magnesium localised corrosion in chloride containing electrolyte显示文摘 | WILLIAMS G MCMURRAY H N GRACE R | | 0，，24： | 1 |
| 13 | Structure of the N terminal domain of a type B1 G protein coupled receptor in com plex with a peptide ligand 显示文摘 | Grace C R R Perrin M H Gulyas J | 2007 | P Nat Acad Sci2007，104，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Generalized cross-validation as a method for choosing agood Ridge parameter显示文摘 | GOLUB G H MICHAEL H GRACE W | 1979 | Technometrocs1979，21，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Hydrodynam ics of the stripper section of fluid cokers显示文摘 | BI H T GRACE J R LIM C J | 2005 | The Ca nadian Journal of Chemical Engineering2005，83，： | 1 |
| 16 | Reduction of Electrostatic Charges in Gas-solid Fluidized Beds 显示文摘 | PARK A BI H T GRACE J R | 2002 | Chem Eng Sci2002，57，： | 1 |
| 17 | SCN5A and sinoatrial node pacemaker function显示文摘 | Lei M Zhang H Grace AA | 2007 | Cardiovasc Res2007，74，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Simultaneous CO2/S02 capture char- acteristics of three limestones in a fluidized-bed reactor显示文摘 | Ryu H J Grace J R Lira C J | 2006 | Energy Fuels2006，20，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Rooting of Shorea leprosula stem cuttings decreases with increasing leaf area显示文摘 | Aminah H Dick J M Grace J | 1997 | Forest Ecology and Management1997，91，： | 1 |
| 20 | Idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia: sensory features and pain mechanism 显示文摘 | Dubner R Sharav Y Gracely R H | 1987 | Pain1987，31，： | 1 |
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