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| 1 | Chronic hepatitis C:Treat or wait? Medical decision making in clinical practice显示文摘AIM:To analyzes the decision whether patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are treated or not.METHODS:This prospective cohort study included 7658 untreated patients and 6341 patients receiving pegylated interferon α2 a/ribavirin,involving 434 physicians/institutions throughout Germany (377 in private practice and 57 in hospital settings).A structured questionnaire had to be answered prior to the treatment decision,which included demographic data,information about the personal life situation of the patients,anamnesis and symptomatology of hepatitis C,virological data,laboratory data and data on concomitant diseases.A second part of the study analyzes patients treated with pegylated interferon α2a.All questionnaires included reasons against treatment mentioned by the physician.RESULTS:Overall treatment uptake was 45%.By multivariate analysis,genotype 1/4/5/6,HCV-RNA ≤ 520 000 IU/mL,normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT),platelets ≤ 142 500/μL,age > 56 years,female gender,infection length > 12.5 years,concomitant diseases,human immunodeficiency virus co-infection,liver biopsy not performed,care in private practice,asymptomatic disease,and unemployment were factors associated with reduced treatment rate.Treatment and sustained viral response rates in migrants (1/3 of cohort) were higher than in German natives although 1/3 of migrants had language problems.Treatment rate and liver biopsy were higher in clinical settings when compared to private practice and were low when ALT and HCV-RNA were low.CONCLUSION:Some reasons against treatment were medically based whereas others were related to fears,socio-economical problems,and information deficits both on the side of physicians and patients. | Claus Niederau Dietrich Hüppe Elmar Zehnter Bernd Mller Renate Heyne Stefan Christensen Rainer Pfaff Arno Theilmeier Ulrich Alshuth Stefan Mauss | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，12： | 2 |
| 2 | Effects of drugs in subtoxic concentrations on the metabolic fluxes in human hepatoma cell line HepG2 显示文摘 | Jens N Fozia N Elmar H | 2009 | Toxicol Appl Pharm2009，240，： | 1 |
| 3 | TOF-SIMS analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Allan Hills 84001显示文摘 | Thomas S Elmar K J Christian H H | 2003 | Meteoritics & Planetary Science2003，38，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Attitude control of a re- entry vehicle with internal dynamics 显示文摘 | Elmar M Wallner Klaus H Well | 2003 | Journal of Guid- ance Control and Dynamics2003，26，6： | 1 |
| 5 | The interaction of the antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S with the lipid bilayer model and biological membrane显示文摘 | Elmar J Prenner Ruthven N A H | 1999 | Biochim et Biophysi Acta1999，1462，： | 1 |
| 6 | Removal of Chloro and Nitro Aromatic Wastewater Pollutants by Ozonation and Biotreatment 显示文摘 | S Hermann H Elmar K Oemer M | 1995 | Environmental Science Technology1995，29，8： | 1 |
| 7 | In vivo study on the effectiveness of a lacquer containing CaF2/ NaF in treating dentine hypersensitivity 显示文摘 | Thomas A Elmar H | 1997 | Clin Oral Invest1997，1，1： | 1 |
| 8 | In vivo study on the effectiveness of a lacquer containing CaF2/NaF in treating dentine hypersensitivity显示文摘 | kielbassa AJ Thomas A Elmar H | 1997 | Clin Oral Invest1997，1，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Attitude control of a reentry vehicle with internal dynamics 显示文摘 | Elmar M Wallner Klaus H Well | 2003 | Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics2003，26，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Demand Side Management for Thermally Activated Building Systems Based on Multiple Linear Regression显示文摘The building sector and its heating and cooling represent one of the major consumer of energy worldwide. Simultaneously, the share of fluctuating generation of renewable energies in the energy mix increases. Therefore storage and demand side management technologies are required. The new adaptive and predictive control algorithm for thermally activated building systems(TABS) based on multiple linear regression(AMLR) presented in this paper enables the application of demand side management(DSM) strategies. Based on simulations, different strategies have been compared with each other. By applying the AMLR algorithm, electricity energy cost savings of 38% could be achieved compared to the conventional control strategy for TABS, while increasing the thermal comfort. At the same time, thermal energy demand can be reduced in the range between 4% to 8%, and pump operation time from 86% to 89%. | Martin Schmelas Julien H?ll Elmar Bollin | 2015 | Journal of Electronic Science and Technology2015，13，4： | 0 |
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