| 1 | 全国孕产妇死亡监测结果分析显示文摘对1989~1991年全国30省、自治区、直辖市247个监测点1.0亿人口范围内的孕产妇死亡监测资料进行分析。监测地区三年内活产总数4201457例,孕产妇死亡3274例,孕产妇监测死亡率平均为80.0/10万,调整后为87.8/10万。城市、农村、不同地区孕产妇死亡率的高低有明显差异,三年比较,城市、农村孕产妇死亡率呈下降趋势,农村更为明显。孕产妇死亡原因主要为产科出血、好高征、心脏病、产褥感染、羊水栓塞、肝病,产科出血主要原因为胎盘滞留、宫缩乏力。结果显示:可避免的死亡占89.0%,不可避免的死亡占11.0%。并对孕产妇死亡的有关问题进行讨论。 | .Zhang Ling-mei DingHui.(BeiJing Municipal Institute for Women HealthCare , 100006.) | 1994 | 中华妇产科杂志1994，29，9： | 199 |
| 14 | Experimental Researches on Carcinogenesis or Tumorigenicity of MDCK Canine Kidney Cell(CKC) Lines and Analysis of Their Chromosome Karyotypes显示文摘The chromosomal number variations & structural aberrations of the MDCK cell line, primary feline or canine kidney cell(FKC or CKC) and Hela cell line were investigated and their karyotypes of conventional chromosome bands were analyzed. The carcinogenesis or tumorigenicity testing of these cell lines in about 232 nude mice and for colony formation in soft agarose and for haemagglutination under different concentration of plant lectins of these cells were carried out. Under the prerequisite that the incidence of cancer or tumor in negative-control nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with primary feline or canine kidney cell cultures purified in vitro at passage 3 was 0 (0/22) and 0 (0/10), respectively. The incidence of the progressively-growing malignant tumor(MT) in positive-control nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with Hela cell cultures of KB, X, or NM20/X strain was 10/10, 25/25 and 5/51, respectively. The results showed that the incidence of tumor in nude mice with tetrapioid YA strain of MDCK cell during 20 - 45 passages, with hypodiploid JB strain of MDCK cell on passage 25, with di-and hypoploid JC strain of MDCK cell during 2 - 15passages or with hypoploid M strain of MDCK cell during 9 - 27 passages was 28/58, 1/5, 4/18 and 0/31,respectively. The chromosomal analysis results showed that the ratio of difference in the rate of modal chromosome number between high (mcs + n) and lowest (mcs)passages was not more than 5 % - 15 % and the structure aberrations was generally 0 - 3%. These results proved that the genetic characteristics of chromosomal number of cell lines determines their tumorigenicity, but it is species-specific. MDCK line has tumorigenicity no matter what its chromosome karyotype is, at least it has very low tumorigenicity even when its modal chromosome number is hypoploid. The repeatedly frozen, thawed and split controls of tumorigenicity-positive cell lines(X strain of Hela, M strain of BHK-21, JA strain of Vero, YA strain of MDCK) have much lower tumorigenicity or are even non-carcinogenesis, and the repeatedly frozen, thawed and split controls of very low tumorigenicity cell lines (M or JC strain of MDCK) are certainly non-carcinogenic and never have increased tumorigenicity.It is thus evident that MDCK cell of M, JB or JC strain can be approved as substrate for the preparation of attenuated viral vaccines, but MDCK cell of YA strain can not be approved as substrate for the preparation of comattenuated viral vaccines. In summary, all strains of MDCK cell line have tunorigenicity, at least have low tumorigencity, never have non-cancinogenic MDCK, but very low tumorigenicity MDCK cell strains can certainly be used for the approval production of canine viral vaccines if the DNA content in viral cell cultures was remarkably decreased through conventional means in manufacturing process. Therefore, the master cell stock and working cell bank of MDCK line used for vaccine manufacture were established in China, which are free of infectious agents, and described with respect to cytogenetic characteristics and tumorigenicity. Tests showed that there were correlations among cell line chromosome number variations, anchorage independence in soft agarose, haemagglutination under plant lectins, and tumor-forming ability in nude mice, thus all the in vitro tests are economic, simple and reliable means for monitoring the tumor-forming ability of MDCK line in nude mice. | ZHANG De-li, LI Liu-jin, XIA Geng-tian, HE Xu-yu, GAO Bu-xian, BAI Xiao-hong, HUANG Gao-sheng, LIU Shang-gao, YAN Long-fei and FANG Fu-de( Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing 100083 , P. R . China Beijing Institute of Preventive Medicine , Beijing 100071 , P. R . China Department of Toxicology at Center for Research & Development of Animal Healthcare Products , Fourth Military Medical University , Xian 710032 , P. R . China Department of Pathology at School of Pre-clinical Education , Section of Pathology at Xi-Jing Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research at China Cancer Research Foundation , Fourth Military Medical University, Xian 710032 , P. R . China Key Open Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of State Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology , College of Biological Sciences , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100094 , P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences at the Peking Union Medical Colloge /Institute of Basic Medical Sciences at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100005 , P. R . China) | 2002 | Agricultural Sciences in China2002，1，7： | 1 |
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