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| 1 | Attributable cost of a nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit: A prospective cohort study显示文摘AIM To study the impact of hospital-acquired infections(HAIs) on cost and outcome from intensive care units(ICU) in India. METHODS Adult patients(> 18 years) admitted over 1-year, to a 24-bed medical critical care unit in India, were enrolled prospectively. Treatment cost and outcome data were collected. This cost data was merged with HAI data collected prospectively by the Hospital Infection Control Committee. Only infections occurring during ICU stay were included. The impact of HAI on treatment cost and mortality was assessed. RESULTS The mean(± SD) age of the cohort(n = 499) was42.3 ± 16.5 years. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation-Ⅱ score was 13.9(95%CI: 13.3-14.5); 86% were ventilated. ICU and hospital length of stay were 7.8 ± 5.5 and 13.9 ± 10 d respectively. Hospital mortality was 27.9%. During ICU stay, 76(15.3%) patients developed an infection(ventilator-associated pneumonia 50; bloodstream infection 35; urinary tract infections 3), translating to 19.7 infections/1000 ICU days. When compared with those who did not develop an infection, an infection occurring during ICU stay was associated with significantly higher treatment cost [median(inter-quartile range, IQR) INR 92893(USD 1523)(IQR 57168-140286) vs INR 180469(USD 2958)(IQR 140030-237525); P < 0.001 and longer duration of ICU(6.7 ± 4.5 d vs 13.4 ± 7.0 d; P < 0.01) and hospital stay(12.4 ± 8.2 d vs 21.8 ± 13.9 d; P < 0.001)]. However ICU acquired infections did not impact hospital mortality(31.6% vs 27.2%; P = 0.49).CONCLUSION An infection acquired during ICU stay was associated with doubling of treatment cost and prolonged hospitalization but did not significantly increase mortality. | Binila Chacko Kurien Thomas Thambu David Hema Paul Lakshmanan Jeyaseelan John Victor Peter | 2017 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2017，6，1： | 11 |
| 2 | Soil Carbon Dynamics Under Changing Climate A Research Transition from Absolute to Relative Roles of Inorganic Nitrogen Pools and Associated Microbial Processes:A Review显示文摘It is globally accepted that soil carbon(C) dynamics are at the core of interlinked environmental problems, deteriorating soil quality and changing climate. Its management remains a complex enigma for the scientific community due to its intricate relationship with soil nitrogen(N) availability and moisture-temperature interactions. This article reviews the management aspects of soil C dynamics in light of recent advances, particularly in relation to the availability of inorganic N pools and associated microbial processes under changing climate. Globally, drastic alterations in soil C dynamics under changing land use and management practices have been primarily attributed to the variation in soil N availability, resulting in a higher decomposition rate and a considerable decline in soil organic C(SOC) levels due to increased soil CO_2 emissions, degraded soil quality, and increased atmospheric CO_2 concentrations,leading to climate warming. Predicted climate warming is proposed to enhance SOC decomposition, which may further increase soil N availability, leading to higher soil CO_2 efflux. However, a literature survey revealed that soil may also act as a potential C sink, if we could manage soil inorganic N pools and link microbial processes properly. Studies also indicated that the relative, rather than the absolute, availability of inorganic N pools might be of key importance under changing climate, as these N pools are variably affected by moisture-temperature interactions, and they have variable impacts on SOC turnover. Therefore, multi-factorial studies are required to understand how the relative availability of inorganic N pools and associated microbial processes may determine SOC dynamics for improved soil C management. | pratap srivastava rishikesh singh sachchidanand tripathi pardeep singh shikha singh hema singh akhilesh singh raghubanshi pradeep kumar mishra | 2017 | Pedosphere2017，27，5： | 5 |
| 3 | Impact of sole and combined application of biochar,organic and chemical fertilizers on wheat crop yield and water productivity in a dry tropical agro-ecosystem显示文摘Agriculture under changing climate scenario is facing major challenges of water scarcity and resource imbalances.Crop water productivity(WP)may act as an indicator of crop responses to water limitation.Organic amendments such as biochar and manure application to soil are suggested for improving soil quality and reducing water requirements from agricultural sector.However,studies exploring the impact of biochar as sole or in combination with organic and/or chemical fertilizers on WP in dry tropical agro-ecosystems are limited.In this study,we observed the effect of rice-husk ash(RHA,biochar)along with farm-yard manure(FYM)and chemical fertilizers(CF)under varying water conditions on soil hydro-physical properties,yield and WP of wheat crop.Water-filled pore space(WFPS),grain and straw yield,irrigation and total water productivity varied significantly(at P<0.001)at treatment level.Grain and straw yield were found higher under sole and combined CF applied treatments.Sole and combined RHA and FYM amendment improved water holding capacity(WHC)and WFPS,whereas a decrease in crop yield was observed as compared to the control.Irrigation and total water productivity were found higher under combined RHA+FYM and sole CF treatments with reduced water supply(except sole CF)as compared to control and sole RHA treatments with full water irrigation.Crop water productivity was found positively correlated with grain and straw yields,however,significant correlations were not observed with WHC and WFPS.Results indicate that increasing soil hydro-physical properties in silty-loam soil may hinder crop yield and WP under sole biochar applied soils.Overall,the implications of the study would help in devising agro-management practices based on combined application of RHA and FYM with reduced chemical fertilizer and water inputs to mitigate the impacts of climate change without compromising crop yield in the highly vulnerable dry tropical agro-ecosystem of India.Moreover,long-term studies are needed in these ecosystems to identify the appropriate agricultural package for mitigating the forthcoming water scarcity conditions. | Rishikesh Singh Pardeep Singh Hema Singh A.S.Raghubanshi | 2019 | Biochar2019，1，2： | 5 |
| 4 | A Multi-Threaded Semantic Focused Crawler显示文摘The Web comprises of voluminous rich learning content.The volume of ever growing learning resources however leads to the problem of information overload.A large number of irrelevant search results generated from search engines based on keyword matching techniques further augment the problem.A learner in such a scenario needs semantically matched learning resources as the search results.Keeping in view the volume of content and significance of semantic knowledge,our paper proposes a multi-threaded semantic focused crawler(SFC) specially designed and implemented to crawl on the WWW for educational learning content.The proposed SFC utilizes domain ontology to expand a topic term and a set of seed URLs to initiate the crawl.The results obtained by multiple iterations of the crawl on various topics are shown and compared with the results obtained by executing an open source crawler on the similar dataset.The results are evaluated using Semantic Similarity,a vector space model based metric,and the harvest ratio. | Punam Bedi Anjali Thukral Hema Banati Abhishek Behl Varun Mendiratta | 2012 | Journal of Computer Science & Technology2012，27，6： | 4 |
| 5 | 抗AGR2单克隆抗体18A4抑制细胞外AGR2诱导的肿瘤细胞活性显示文摘在两种自身不表达肿瘤相关蛋白AGR2的黑色素瘤细胞A375和B16-F10中加入AGR2以增强肿瘤细胞活性,观察以AGR2为靶点的单克隆抗体18A4对细胞外AGR2诱导的肿瘤细胞活性的抑制作用。用MTT法和克隆形成实验检测AGR2,18A4抗体单用和联合作用对细胞增殖能力的影响;流式细胞术检测AGR2,18A4抗体单用和联合作用对细胞周期的影响;划痕实验检测细胞迁移能力;鬼笔环肽染色检测细胞形态变化;Western blot和免疫荧光染色检测细胞内p53表达量。结果表明,单克隆抗体18A4能够抑制细胞外AGR2诱导的肿瘤细胞增殖速度加快,G1/S细胞周期转化,迁移速度加快和细胞形态的变化。Western blot和免疫荧光染色检测发现在化疗药物阿霉素处理的细胞中,细胞外AGR2降低细胞内p53的表达量,而18A4能够抑制这一现象。实验结果表明18A4能够抑制细胞外AGR2诱导的多种肿瘤细胞活性,是一种潜在的抗肿瘤药物。 | 于天弘 Siva Bharath MERUGU Hema NEGI 孙宋暄 丁云鹤 武正华 李大伟 | 2018 | 中国药科大学学报2018，49，2： | 3 |
| 6 | Deep learning approach for microarray cancer data classification显示文摘Analysis of microarray data is a highly challenging problem due to the inherent complexity in the nature of the data associated with higher dimensionality,smaller sample size,imbalanced number of classes,noisy data-structure,and higher variance of feature values.This has led to lesser classification accuracy and over-fitting problem.In this work,the authors aimed to develop a deep feedforward method to classify the given microarray cancer data into a set of classes for subsequent diagnosis purposes.They have used a 7-layer deep neural network architecture having various parameters for each dataset.The small sample size and dimensionality problems are addressed by considering a well-known dimensionality reduction technique namely principal component analysis.The feature values are scaled using the Min-Max approach and the proposed approach is validated on eight standard microarray cancer datasets.To measure the loss,a binary cross-entropy is used and adaptive moment estimation is considered for optimisation.The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated using classification accuracy,precision,recall,f-measure,log-loss,receiver operating characteristic curve,and confusion matrix.A comparative analysis with state-of-the-art methods is carried out and the performance of the proposed approach exhibit better performance than many of the existing methods. | Hema Shekar Basavegowda Guesh Dagnew | 2020 | CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology2020，5，1： | 3 |
| 7 | Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and tissue resident memory cells in colorectal cancer based on microsatellite instability and BRAF status显示文摘BACKGROUND Recent studies in non-colorectal malignancy have associated T resident memory(T_(RM)) cells with improved patient survival. It is unknown if T_(RM) plays a role in colorectal cancer(CRC).AIM To examine the potential role of T_(RM) cells in providing immunogenicity in CRC stratified by microsatellite instability(MSI) and BRAF status.METHODS Patients with known MSI and BRAF mutation status were eligible for inclusion in this study. CRC tumour sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin were microscopically reviewed and the images scanned prior to assessment for location of invading edge and core of tumour. Sequential sections were prepared for quantitative multiplex immunohistochemistry(IHC) staining. Opal Multiplex IHC staining was performed with appropriate positive and negative controls and imaged using a standard fluorescent microscope fitted with a spectral scanning camera(Mantra) in conjunction with Mantra snap software. Images were unmixed and annotated in in Form 2.2.0. Statistical analysis was performed using Graphpad Prism Version 7 and Stata Version 15.RESULTS Seventy-two patients with known MSI and BRAF status were included in the study. All patients were assessed for MSI by IHC and high resolution capillary electrophoresis testing and 44 of these patients successfully underwent quantitative multiplex IHC staining. Overall, there was a statistically significant increase in CD8+ T_(RM) cells in the MSI(BRAF mutant and wild type) group over the microsatellite stable(MSS) group. There was a statistically significant difference in CD8+ T_(RM) between high level MSI(MSI-H):BRAF mutant [22.57, 95% confidence interval(CI): 14.31-30.84] vs MSS [8.031(95%CI: 4.698-11.36)], P = 0.0076 and MSI-H:BRAF wild type [16.18(95%CI: 10.44-21.93)] vs MSS [8.031(95%CI: 4.698-11.36)], P = 0.0279. There was no statistically significant difference in CD8 T cells(both CD8+CD103-and CD8+CD103+T_(RM)) between MSI-H: BRAF mutant and wild type CRC.CONCLUSION This study has shown that CD8+ T_(RM) are found in greater abundance in MSI-H CRC, both BRAF mutant and MSI-H:BRAF wild type, when compared with their MSS counterpart. CD8+ T_(RM) may play a role in the immunogenicity in MSI-H CRC(BRAF mutant and BRAF wild type). Further studies should focus on the potential immunogenic qualities of T_(RM) cells and investigate potential immunotherapeutic approaches to improve treatment and survival associated with CRC. | James Wei Tatt Toh Angela L Ferguson Kevin J Spring Hema Mahajan Umaimainthan Palendira | 2021 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2021，12，4： | 2 |
| 8 | Sonochemically assisted synthesis of nano HMX显示文摘Nanotechnology has played an influential role in improving the energetic content without subsiding the performance of high energy materials in the current era.In this work,HMX(octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine)nanoparticles were prepared by sonochemically assisted solvent-antisolvent spray technique focussing the reduction in its size so as to improve its energetic properties.In order to fabricate nano HMX various parameters such as different solvents and temperature were investigated.Sonication is one of the strategies recently explored in this regard;so time dependent study of sonication using probe sonicator was performed.It has been postulated that bubble formed during sonication when collapses generate high temperature and many nucleation sites which leads to the formation of uniform spherical particles with small size and fast transition phase.XRD studies depicted phase transformation from a toβas a result of sonication.The TEM images revealed that the rise in the sonication time resulted into decrease in the particle size from 300 to 10 nm.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)was employed to determine the heat release of the samples and enhancement in the heat release with the decrease in the particle size.A decrease in the spark sensitivity was observed from 2 J(regular HMX)to 50 mJ(nano HMX). | Hema Singh Nilesh Jahagirdar Shaibal Banerjee | 2019 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2019，15，6： | 2 |
| 9 | Interaction of pH and temperature affect infection and symptom development of Plasmodiophora brassicae in canola显示文摘 | BruceD. Gossen Hema Kasinathan Tiesen Cao VictorP. Manolii StephenE. Strelkov Sheau-Fang Hwang MaryRuth McDonald | 2013 | Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology2013，，3： | 2 |
| 10 | Identification of SNP and InDel variations in the promoter and 5′ untranslated regions of γ-tocopherol methyl transferase(ZmVTE4) affecting higher accumulation of α-tocopherol in maize kernel显示文摘Deficiency of vitamin-E or tocopherol causes neurological and cardiovascular disorders in humans. Though maize kernel is rich in total tocopherol, the level of α-tocopherol possessing the highest vitamin-E activity is low. Mutant allele of ZmVTE4 with deletion of 7 bp and 118 bp (0/0: most favorable haplotype) in 5′UTR and promoter region, respectively significantly enhances α-tocopherol in maize kernel than wild type haplotype (7/118).α- tocopherol estimation in 15 diverse inbreds revealed that mean α-/γ-tocopherol and α-/ total-tocopherol was much higher in genotypes with favorable haplotype (1.51 and 0.41) than unfavorable class (0.19 and 0.13), respectively. However even within favorable class,α- tocopherol ranged from 4.76 to 30.07 μg g 1. Sequence analysis of part of 5′UTR and promoter of ZmVTE4 among the genotypes with favorable haplotype revealed 14 SNPs (SNP1 to SNP14) and eight InDels (InDel1 to InDel8). SNP7 at 606 bp (G to A), and InDels viz., InDel1 (27 bp), InDel4 (27 bp) and InDel8 (14 bp) differentiated low and high α-tocopherol accumulating inbreds with favorable haplotype. Hence the newly identified SNP and InDels in addition to the already reported InDels can be useful in selection of favorable genotypes with higher α-tocopherol in maize. | Abhijit Kumar Das Rashmi Chhabra Vignesh Muthusamy Hema Singh Chauhan Rajkumar Uttamrao Zunjare Firoz Hossain | 2019 | The Crop Journal2019，7，4： | 2 |
| 11 | Optimization and production of novel antimicrobial agents from sponge associated marine actinomycetes Nocardiopsis dassonvillei MAD08显示文摘 | Joseph Selvin S. Shanmughapriya R. Gandhimathi G. Seghal Kiran T. Rajeetha Ravji K. Natarajaseenivasan T. A. Hema | 2009 | Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology2009，，3： | 2 |
| 12 | Molecular Simulation of Hydrogen Adsorption Density in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Multilayer Adsorption Mechanism显示文摘The adsorption of hydrogen onto single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) was studied by molecular dynamics (MD)sim.lation. It was found that the hydrogen molecules distribute regularly inside and outside of the tube. Density distribution was computed for H2 molecule. Theoretical analysis of the result showed the multilayer adsorption mechanism of SWCNTs. The storage of H2 in SWCNTs is computed, which provides essential theoretical reference for further study of hydrogen adsorption in SWCNTs. | LianquanGUO ChangxiangMA ShuaiWANG HeMA XinLI | 2005 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2005，21，1： | 2 |
| 13 | Irrigation automationbased on soil electrical conductivity and leaf temperature 显示文摘 | ABRAHAM N HEMA P S SARITHA E K | 2000 | Agricultural Water Management2000，45，： | 1 |
| 14 | Irrigation automation based on soil electrical conductivity and leaf temperature显示文摘 | Abraham N Hema P S Saritha E K | 2000 | Agricultural Water Management2000，45，： | 1 |
| 15 | Analysis of flexible pavementsreinforced with geogrids显示文摘 | Hema Siriwardane Raj Gondle Bora Kutuk | 2010 | Geotech Geol Eng2010，，28： | 1 |
| 16 | Traffic modeling and classification using packet train length and packet train size 显示文摘 | DIVAKARANL Dinil Mon MURTHY Hema A GONSALVES Timothy A | 2007 | ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review2007，3065，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Substructure stability of highly alloyed maternities steels for power industry 显示文摘 | Rodak K Hemas A Kielbus A | 2003 | Materials Chemistry and Physics2003，81，： | 1 |
| 18 | Assessment of genetic diversity and identification of core collection in sandalwood germplasm using RAPDs显示文摘 | SHASHIDHARA G HEMA M V KOSHY B FAROOQI A A | 2003 | The Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology2003，78，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Effect of thermochemical pretreatment on sewage sludge and its impact on carboxylic acids production显示文摘 | Hema Rughoonundun Cesar Granda Romeela Mohee Mark T. Holtzapple | 2010 | Waste Management2010，，8： | 1 |
| 20 | A systematic study to determine the extent of gene silencing in Nicoti- ana benthamiana and other Solanaceae species when heterologous gene sequences are used for virus-induced gene silencing 显示文摘 | Senthil-kumar M Hema R Anand A | 2007 | New Phytol2007，176，4： | 1 |
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