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| 1 | Efficiency Analysis of Industrial Water Treatment in China Based on Two-stage Undesirable Fixed-sum Output DEA Model显示文摘China is a country with the most water consumption, so it is lack of water resources.Industry has brought serious water pollution while driving economic development, which leads to the destruction of ecological environment. With the improvement of environmental awareness, many scholars have shifted their research direction to how to improve the ecological environment. Most studies consider the whole system as a 'black box', regardless of its internal structure. Therefore, a method to identify inefficiency is necessary and some suggestions for optimization are given. In this paper,a two-stage undesirable fixed-sum output data envelopment analysis(DEA) model is proposed. The industrial chemical oxygen demand(COD) emission during 2011–2015 are adjusted, and the efficiency values are calculated by heuristic search algorithm. The efficiency of 30 provinces and cities is divided into eastern, central and western regions. The model can identify the inefficient stage in industrial system, and find the source of low efficiency in the system. The analysis shows that the efficiency of eastern region is the highest, while the overall efficiency is inclined to the pollutant treatment stage.Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the low efficiency areas, which can save water while ensuring economic benefits, and provide new direction for water pollution reduction and improve the ecological environment. | Hewen MA Baoxia GENG Yingxiong FU Yi SUN Zhao SUN | 2021 | Journal of Systems Science and Information2021，9，6： | 5 |
| 2 | Immune responses of a designed HIV-1 DNA vaccine on rhesus monkeys显示文摘An effective HIV-1 vaccine will be the ultimate solution for the prevention of HIV/AIDS, though HAART plays important roles in treating the disease. In this study, a large-scale recombinant DNA plasmid containing a designed HIV-1 multi-epitope- p24 chimeric gene was prepared and purified. Rhesus monkeys were then inoculated muscularly with the plasmid for four times in week 0, 4, 8 and 18. Whole blood was collected two weeks after the third and fourth inoculation, followed by serum and pe- ripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) separation. The CTL activity and proliferation of PBMCs stimu- lated by macaque MHC-I-restricted HIV-1 CTL epi- tope peptide were analyzed by MTT and LDH release assay, respectively. Th1 cytokines in supernatant of cultured PBMC stimulated by HIV-1 CTL epitope peptide and anti-HIV-1 antibody in serum were as- sayed by ELISA. The results showed that increased CTL target-killing activity, higher secretion of Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2) and promoted proliferative reaction of monkey PBMCs stimulated by HIV-1 CTL epitope peptide were detected in the immunization group inoculated by the recombinant DNA vaccine for three times, which were further enhanced by the fourth inoculation. At the same time, HIV-1 specific antibody in serum of immunized monkeys was higher than that in controls. We concluded that the designedHIV-1 DNA vaccine may induce HIV-1 specific cellular and humoral immunity on monkeys. | ZHANG Lishu JIN Ningyi SONG Yingjin SUN Yansong WANG Hong ZHAN Dawei MA Hewen SHANG Yupu JIN Hongtao HONG Baoqing LI Chang | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，13： | 3 |
| 3 | Optimized design and experiment of spiral-type intra-row weeding actuator for maize(Zea mays L.)planting显示文摘Mechanical weeding not only avoids crop herbicide residue but also protects the ecological environment.Compared with mechanical inter-row weeding,mechanical intra-row weeding needs to avoid crop plants,which is conducive to causing a higher rate of seedling damage.In order to realize maize(Zea mays L.)intra-row weeding,a maize intra-row weeding mechanism was designed in this study.The mechanism can detect maize seedlings by infrared beam tube,then a sliding-cutting bevel tool moves spirally amid maize seedlings,so as to eradicate intra-row weeds.A field experiment was conducted under the following experimental conditions:the bevel tool rotation speed was 800-1400 r/min,the mechanism forward speed was 4-7 km/h,and the bevel tool depth was 2-14 cm,the experimental results illustrated that the mechanism’s average weeding rate and seedling damage rate were 95.8%and 0.6%,respectively.The variance analysis showed that the primary and secondary factors that affecting the weeding rate and seedling damage rate were the same,which were bevel tool rotation speed,mechanism forward speed,bevel tool depth in soil in a descending order according to the significances.The result of the field experiment may provide a reference for intra-row weeding device design. | Honglei Jia Binglong Gu Zhongyang Ma Huili Liu Gang Wang Mingwei Li Hewen Tan | 2021 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2021，14，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Construction and characterization of a recombinant fowlpox virus containing HIV-1 multi-epitope-p24 chimeric gene in mice显示文摘The epidemic of HIV/AIDS is sweeping across the world. It is of great importance to figure out new ways to curb this disease. Epitope-based vaccine is one of these solutions. In this study, a chimeric gene was obtained by combination of a designed HIV-1 multi-epitope gene (MEG) and HIV-1 p24 gene. A re- combinant plasmid pUTA2-MEGp24 was then constructed by inserting MEGp24 gene into the down- stream of the promoter (ATI-P7.5×20) of fowlpox virus (FPV) transfer vector pUTA2. The recombinant plasmid and wild-type FPV 282E4 strain were then co-transfected into CEF cells and homologous re- combination occurred. A recombinant virus expressing HIV-1 protein MEGp24 was screened by ge- nome PCR and Western blot assay. Large scale preparation and purification of the recombinant fowl- pox virus (rFPV) were then carried out. BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly with the rFPV for three times on day 0, 14 and 42. Mice were executed and sampled one week after the third inoculation. Anti-HIV-1 antibody in serum and Th1 cytokines in the supernatant of cultured spleen cells were as- sayed by ELISA. The count of T lymphocyte subsets and the CTL activity of spleen lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, respectively. The results showed that HIV-1 specific antibody in serum and increased T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+ T, CD8+ T) were detected in the immunization group. CTL target-killing activity and higher secretion of Th1 cyto- kines (IFN-γ and IL-2) of spleen lymphocytes stimulated by H-2d-restricted CTL peptide were observed in immunized mice. We concluded that the rFPV may induce HIV-1 specific immunity especially cellular immunity in mice. | ZHANG LiShu JIN NingYi SONG YingJin WANG Hong MA HeWen LI ZiJian JIANG WenZheng | 2007 | Science China(Life Sciences)2007，50，2： | 1 |
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