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| 1 | Eddy covariance measurements of water vapor and CO_2 fluxes above the Erhai Lake显示文摘Measurement of turbulence fluxes were performed over the Erhai Lake using eddy covariance(EC) method.Basic physical parameters in the lake-air interaction processes,such as surface albedo of the lake,aerodynamic roughness length,bulk transfer coefficients,etc.,were investigated using the EC data in 2012.The characteristics of turbulence fluxes over the lake including momentum flux,sensible heat flux,latent heat flux,and CO2 flux,and their controlling factors were analyzed.The total annual evaporation of the lake was also estimated based on the artificial neural network(ANN) gap-filling technique.Results showed that the total annual evaporation in 2012 was 1165 ± 15 mm,which was larger than the annual precipitation(818 mm).Local circulation between the lake and the surrounding land was found to be significant throughout the year due to the land-lake breeze or the mountain-valley breeze in this area.The prevailing winds of southeasterly and northwesterly were observed throughout the year.The sensible heat flux over this plateau lake usually had a few tens of W m-2,and generally became negative in the afternoon,indicating that heat was transferred from the lake to the atmosphere.The sensible heat flux was governed by the lake-air temperature difference and had its maximum in the early morning.The diurnal variation of the latent heat flux was controlled by vapor pressure deficit with a peak in the afternoon.The latent heat flux was dominant in the partition of available energy in daytime over this lake.The lake acted as a weak CO2 source to the atmosphere except for the midday of summer.Seasonal variations of surface albedo over the lake were related to the solar elevation angle and opacity of the water.Furthermore,compared with the observation data,the surface albedo estimated by CLM4-LISSS model was underestimated in winter and overestimated in summer. | LIU HuiZhi FENG JianWu SUN JiHua WANG Lei XU AnLun | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，3： | 15 |
| 2 | Orogenic and Anorogenic Granitoids in the Altay Mountains of Xinjiang and Their Discrimination Criteria显示文摘On the basis of field geological studies of the granotoids in the region, mineralogical, petrological, geochemical(including stable isotope geochemical) and isotopic geochronological investigations were carried out on selected representative granitic bodies of various types. The authors have concluded that, apart from the bodies of the orogenic granitoid series, there also exist intrusions of the anorogenic granitoid series in the region. The intrusives of the two series were formed not only in different ages and tectonic environments, but also were derived from different sources of materials. Moreover, they are associated with different mineralizations, belonging to different minerologenetic series(Cheng et al., 1983). They show distinctly a series of discriminative criteria. The problems under discussion in the present paper are of important theoretical and practical significance in the studies of granites of the orogenic belt, particularly the studies of the genesis and related metallogeny of the granites of the region. | Zou Tianren Institute of Mineral Deposits, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing Chao Huizhi and Wu Baiqing Xinjiang Institute of Geology, Ministry of Metallurgical Industry Urumqi, Xinjiang Jiang Minxi | 1989 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)1989，63，1： | 14 |
| 3 | Seasonal and inter-annual variation of surface roughness length and bulk transfer coefficients in a semiarid area显示文摘Here we report a multiyear study on the surface roughness length and bulk transfer coefficients over the degraded grassland and cropland surfaces in a semiarid area of China. Eddy covariance measurement and the meteorological profile observation data were used to analyze characteristics of these parameters on the diurnal, seasonal, and annual scales. Significant seasonal and annual variations of the aerodynamic roughness length are observed over the two surfaces. A large variation of kB-1 is measured during the day. Both kB-1 and the bulk transfer coefficients exhibit significant seasonal and annual variations. During the growing season (May to October), average Cd and Ch are 3.1×10-3 and 2.5×10-3 over the degrade grassland surface, and 4.7×10-3 and 3.1×10-3 over the cropland surface respectively. During the non-growing season, average Cd and Ch are 2.3×10-3 and 2.0×10-3 over the degrade grassland surface, and 2.9×10-3 and 2.2×10-3 over the cropland surface respectively. | FENG JianWu LIU HuiZhi WANG Lei DU Qun SHI LiQing | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，2： | 11 |
| 4 | The vertical distribution characteristics of integral turbulence statistics in the atmospheric boundary layer over an urban area in Beijing显示文摘Turbulence data(2008–2012) from a 325 m meteorological tower in Beijing, which consisted of three layers(47,140, and 280 m), was used to analyze the vertical distribution characteristics of turbulent transfer over Beijing city according to similarity theory. The conclusions were as follows.(1) Normalized standard deviations of wind speeds/ui * were plotted as a function only of a local stability parameter. The values under near-neutral conditions were 2.15, 1.61, and 1.19 at 47 m, 2.39, 1.75,and 1.21 at 140 m, and 2.51, 1.77, and 1.30 at 280 m, showing a clear increase with height. The normalized standard deviation of wind components fitted the 1/3 law under unstable stratification conditions and decreased with height under both stable and unstable conditions.(2) The normalized standard deviation of temperature fitted the.1/3 law in the free convection limit, but was quite scattered with different characteristics under near-neutral conditions. The normalized standard deviations of humidity and the CO2 concentration fitted the.1/3 law under unstable conditions, and remained constant under near-neutral and stable stratification. The normalized standard deviation of scalars, i.e., temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration, all increased with height.(3) Compared with momentum, and the water vapor and CO2 concentrations, the turbulence correlation coefficient for heat was smaller under near-neutral conditions, but larger under both stable and unstable conditions. A dissimilarity between heat, and the water vapor and CO2 concentrations was observed in urban areas. The relative correlation coefficients between heat and each of momentum, humidity, and CO2 concentration(|rwT/ruw|, |rwT/rwc| and |rwT/ruq|) in the lower layers were always larger than in higher layers, except for the relative correlation coefficient between heat and humidity in an unstable stratification. Therefore, the ratio between heat and each of momentum, humidity, and CO2 concentration decreased with height. | LIU Yang LIU HuiZhi WANG Lei | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，8： | 7 |
| 5 | Differentiation between malignant and benign nodules in the liver: Use of contrast C^3-MODE technology显示文摘AIM: To investigate the value of contrast-enhanced C3-MODE technology in differentiating malignant nodules of liver from the benign ones.METHODS: Forty-six nodules in 36 patients (29 men and 7 women) were studied by contrast-enhanced C3-MODE technology and contrast-enhanced CT in 1 wk before the biopsy or operation. A Iow MI monitor and a high MI flash imaging were intermittently performed. After the injection of contrast agent, the period from 10 to 30 s and the time later than 100 s were respectively defined as early arterial phase and the late phase. The vascularities of the liver nodules in the two phases were combined for differential diagnosis. Corresponding to the pathological diagnosis,the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of contrastenhanced C3-MODE technology were compared to those of contrast-enhanced CT.RESULTS: By C3-MODE technology, 33 of the 46 liver nodules were demonstrated as defected area in the late phase and were diagnosed as malignant tumors. Of them,28 with hypervascularity in the early arterial phase were assessed as hepatocellular carcinoma, the other five nodules with rim-like enhancement in the early arterial phase were diagnosed as metastatic tumors. Thirteen nodules were shown as iso or hypervascularity in the late phase as well as centripetal filling in the early arterial phase and we made a diagnosis of hemangioma.Corresponding to the pathological results, the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of contrast-enhanced C3-MODE technology in differentiating malignant and benign nodules in the liver were 97.0%, 92.3% and 95.7%, respectively.With comparison to those of contrast CT (sensitivity,94.1%; specificity, 91.7%; accuracy, 93.5%), the difference was not significant.CONCLUSION: Contrast-enhanced C3-MODE technology can effectively differentiate malignant liver tumors from the benign nodules. It highly agrees diagnostically with the pathology. We suggest that it provides a new approach for differential diagnosis of liver nodules in addition to contrast-enhanced CT. | Bao-MingLuo Yan-LingWen Hai-YunYang HuiZhi BingOu Jian-HongMa Jing-ShengPan Xiao-NingDai | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，16： | 7 |
| 6 | Catalytic spectrophotometric determination of trace selenium in microemulsion after separation and enrichment by SDG显示文摘A new catalytic spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of trace amount of Se(IV) in microemulsion medium. The method is based on the catalytic effect of traces of Se(IV) on the oxidation of 2’,4’-dichlorophenylfluorone (p-CPF) by potassium bromate with HNO3 as an activator in the presence of nonionic microemulsion medium. Under optimum conditions, the calibration graph is linear in the range of 0.4-15 μg?L?1 of Se(IV) at 480 nm. The detection limit achieved is 9.86 × 10?10 μg?L?1. Samples were dissolved and the obtained trace Se(IV) was separated and enriched by sulphydryl dextrane gel (SDG). The method has been applied for determination of trace selenium with satisfactory results. | LI Huizhi ZHAI Diantang FAN Yingju | 2006 | Rare Metals2006，25，3： | 6 |
| 7 | Carbon dioxide exchange processes over the grassland ecosystems in semiarid areas of China显示文摘Based on the carbon fluxes measured over the grassland ecosystems in Inner Mongolia(UG79 site),Loess Plateau(SACOL site),and Tongyu,Jilin Province(TY site) in the semiarid areas from 2007 to 2008 with the eddy covariance method,we have investigated the carbon exchange processes over semiarid grassland ecosystem and its main affecting environmental variables.The precipitations at UG79 and TY sites in 2007 were below the historical average,especially for TY site,which was 50% below the historical average annual precipitation.The precipitation in SACOL site was close to average in 2007 but below average in 2008.The variation of monthly diurnal average NEE showed that the diurnal mean NEE decreased in the order of TY site,UG79 site,and SACOL site.However,a longer net carbon uptake period was observed at SACOL site.The diurnal course of NEE at UG79 site was similar between 2007 and 2008.The diurnal average NEE remained large during July and August in growing season(May to September) at UG79 site,with maximum values approaching 0.08 mg C m-2 s-1 in August of 2008.The diurnal average NEE of 2007 was larger than 2008 at SACOL site,with maximum values of 0.07 mg C m-2 s-1 in September of 2007.A shorter carbon uptake period was recorded in 2007 at TY site,lasting from July to August.A larger diurnal average NEE occurred in 2008 at TY site,with maximum values of 0.12 mg C m-2 s-1.The ecosystem respirations of three sites were controlled by both soil temperature and soil volumetric water content(at a depth of 5 cm below the land surface).Both UG79 site and SACOL site acted as a carbon sink during the growing periods of 2007 and 2008.Annual NEE in the growing seasons of 2007 and 2008 ranged from-68 to-50 g C m-2 at UG79 site and from-109 to-55 g C m-2 at SACOL site.Alternation between carbon source and carbon sink was found at TY site,with respective values of annual NEE in the growing seasons of 0.32 g C m-2 and-73 g C m-2 in 2007 and 2008.The magnitude and duration of carbon uptake depended mainly on the amount and timing of precipitation and the timing of the first effective rainfall during the growing season in semiarid grassland ecosystems. | DU Qun LIU HuiZhi WANG Lei HUANG JianPing ZHANG Wu Christian BERNHOFER | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，4： | 6 |
| 8 | Studies on wind environment around high buildings in urban areas显示文摘High buildings or architectural complex in urban areas remarkably distort the urban surface wind fields. As the air flow approaches,local strong wind may appear around the buildings. The strong wind makes the pedestrians on sidewalks, entrances and terrace very uncomfortable and causes the pedestrian level wind environment problem. In this studies, hot-wire wind measurement, wind scouring in wind tunnel and numerical computation were carried out to evaluate the wind environment of tall buildings in the prevailing flow conditions in Beijing areas. The results obtained by three techniques were compared and mutually verified. The conclusions drawn from three approaches agree with each other. Also the advantages and limitations of each method were analyzed. It is suggested that the combination of different techniques may produce better assessment of wind environment around high buildings. | LIU Huizhi, JIANG Yujun, LIANG Bin, ZHU Fengrong, ZHANG Boyin & SANG Jianguo LAPC, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 1000871, China State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex System, Peking University, Beijing 1000871, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，z2： | 5 |
| 9 | Cancer stem-like cells directly participate in vasculogenic mimicry channels in triple-negative breast cancer显示文摘Objective: Vasculogenic mimicry(VM) channels that are lined by tumor cells are a functional blood supply in malignant tumors.However, the role of VM-initiating cells remains poorly understood. Cancer stem-like cells(CSCs) are positively correlated with VM. In this study, triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC) enriched with CSCs was used to investigate the relationship between VM and CSCs.Methods: The expression of several CSC markers was detected by immunohistochemistry in 100 human breast cancer samples.The clinical significance of CSC markers and the relationship between VM, CSCs, breast cancer subtypes, and VM-associated proteins were analyzed. CD133+ and ALDH+ human and mouse TNBC cells were isolated by FACS to examine the ability of VM formation and the spatial relationship between VM and CSCs.Results: CSCs were associated with TNBC subtype and VM in human invasive breast cancer. CSCs in TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells formed more VM channels and expressed more molecules promoting VM than the non-TNBC MCF-7 cells in vitro. MDA-MB-231 cells that encircled VM channels on Matrigel expressed CD133. Moreover, CSCs were located near VM channels in the 3D reconstructed blood supply system in human TNBC grafts. The CD133+ and ALDH+ cells isolated from TA2 mouse breast cancer formed more VM channels in vivo.Conclusions: CSCs line VM channels directly. Additionally, CSCs provide more VM-related molecules to synergize VM formation. The signaling pathways that control CSC differentiation may also be potential treatment targets for TNBC. | Huizhi Sun Nan Yao Siqi Cheng Linqi Li Shiqi Liu Zhao Yang Guanjie Shang Danfang Zhang Zhi Yao | 2019 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2019，16，2： | 5 |
| 10 | The Tibetan Plateau Surface–Atmosphere Coupling System and Its Weather and Climate Effects: The Third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Science Experiment显示文摘The Tibetan Plateau(TP) is a key area affecting forecasts of weather and climate in China and occurrences of extreme weather and climate events over the world. The China Meteorological Administration, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly initiated the Third Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Science Experiment(TIPEX-Ⅲ) in 2013, with an 8–10-yr implementation plan. Since its preliminary field measurements conducted in 2013, routine automatic sounding systems have been deployed at Shiquanhe, Gaize, and Shenzha stations in western TP, where no routine sounding observations were available previously. The observational networks for soil temperature and soil moisture in the central and western TP have also been established. Meanwhile, the plateau-scale and regional-scale boundary layer observations, cloud–precipitation microphysical observations with multiple radars and aircraft campaigns, and tropospheric–stratospheric air composition observations at multiple sites, were performed. The results so far show that the turbulent heat exchange coefficient and sensible heat flux are remarkably lower than the earlier estimations at grassland, meadow, and bare soil surfaces of the central and western TP. Climatologically, cumulus clouds over the main body of the TP might develop locally instead of originating from the cumulus clouds that propagate northward from South Asia. The TIPEX-Ⅲ observations up to now also reveal diurnal variations, macro-and microphysical characteristics, and water-phase transition mechanisms, of cumulus clouds at Naqu station. Moreover, TIPEX-Ⅲ related studies have proposed a maintenance mechanism responsible for the Asian 'atmospheric water tower' and demonstrated the effects of the TP heating anomalies on African, Asian, and North American climates. Additionally, numerical modeling studies show that the Γ distribution of raindrop size is more suitable for depicting the TP raindrop characteristics compared to the M–P distribution, the overestimation of sensible heat flux can be reduced via modifying the heat transfer parameterization over the TP, and considering climatic signals in some key areas of the TP can improve the skill for rainfall forecast in the central and eastern parts of China. Furthermore, the TIPEX-Ⅲ has been promoting the technology in processing surface observations, soundings, and radar observations, improving the quality of satellite retrieved soil moisture and atmospheric water vapor content products as well as high-resolution gauge–radar–satellite merged rainfall products, and facilitating the meteorological monitoring, forecasting, and data sharing operations. | Ping ZHAO Yueqing LI Xueliang GUO Xiangde XU Yimin LIU Shihao TANG Wenming XIAO Chunxiang SHI Yaoming MA Xing YU Huizhi LIU La JIA Yun CHEN Yanju LIU Jian LI Dabiao LUO Yunchang CAO Xiangdong ZHENG Junming CHEN An XIAO Fang YUAN Donghui CHEN Yang PANG Zhiqun HU Shengjun ZHANG Lixin DONG Juyang HU Shuai HAN Xiuji ZHOU | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，3： | 4 |
| 11 | A looped heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigeration system with direct-coupling configuration for room temperature cooling显示文摘Heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigeration has drawn extensive concern in the past decades due to its advantages of high reliability and external heat-driven mechanism.In such a system,heat can be firstly converted into acoustic power and then the acoustical power drives a refrigerator to generate cooling effect without any moving mechanical components.So far,most of researches on heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigeration have focused on cryo- genic application,such as natural gas liquefaction [1,2].In addition, heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigeration also plays important roles in recovering waste heat and provides an environment- friendly alternative to the current abso'rption chiller especially in the small-scale power range [3-7].However,two main obstacles to use the thermoacoustic technology in practice are its relatively low cooling capacity and low cooling efficiency.Either the two-loop configuration proposed by Luo et al.[5]or the configuration of a one-unit refrigerator driven by a three-unit engine brought forward by Kees [6],they both suffer from phase-shifting tube and mismatch between the thermoacoustic engine (TAE)and thermoacoustic refrigerator (TAR). | Huizhi Wang Limin Zhang Guoyao Yu Jianying Hu Ercang Luo Ying Ma Chao Jiang Xianxian Liu | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，1： | 4 |
| 12 | Synthesis of taurine-fluorescein conjugate and evaluation of its retina-targeted efficiency in vitro显示文摘In this work, retinal penetration of fluorescein was achieved in vitro by covalent attachment of taurine to fluorescein, yielding the F-Tau conjugate. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) were used to confirm the successful synthesis of F-Tau. The cellular uptake of F-Tau in adult retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) and human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) was visualized via confocal scanning microscopy. The results indicated an improvement of solubility and a reduction of logP of F-Tau compared with fluorescein. As compared with fluorescein, F-Tau showed little toxicity, and was retained longer by cells in uptake experiments. F-Tau also displayed higher transepithelial permeabilities than fluorescein in ARPE-19 and hRMECs monolayer cells (Po0.05). These results showed that taurine may be a useful ligand for targeting small-molecule hydrophobic pharmaceuticals into the retina. | Meihong Huang Jiaqi Song Bingzheng Lu Huizhi Huang Yizhen Chen Wei Yin Wenbo Zhu Xinwen Su Chuanbin Wu Haiyan Hu | 2014 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2014，4，6： | 4 |
| 13 | Effects of different gap filling methods and land surface energy balance closure on annual net ecosystem exchange in a semiarid area of China显示文摘Based on eddy covariance measurements over two kinds of land surfaces(a degraded grassland and a maize cropland)in a semiarid area of China in 2005 and 2008,the effects of different gap filling methods,energy balance closure and friction velocity threshold(u*)on annual net ecosystem exchange(NEE)were analyzed.Six gap filling methods,including mean diurnal variation(MDV),marginal distribution sampling(MDS),and nonlinear regressions method,were investigated by generating secondary datasets with four different artificial gap lengths(ranging in length from single half-hours to 12 consecutive days).The MDS generally showed a good overall performance especially for long gaps,with an annual sum bias error less than 5 g C m-2 yr-1.There was a large positive annual sum bias error for nonlinear regressions,indicating an overestimate on net ecosystem respiration.The offset in the annual sum NEE for four nonlinear regressions was from 8.0 to 30.8 g C m-2 yr-1.As soil water content was a limiting factor in the semiarid area,the nonlinear regressions considering both soil temperature and soil water content as controlling variables had a better performance than others.The performance of MDV was better in daytime than in nighttime,with an annual sum bias error falling between-2.6 and-13.4 g C m-2 yr-1.Overall,the accuracy of the gap filling method was dependent on the type of the land surface,gap length,and the time of day when the data gap occurred.The energy balance ratio for the two ecosystems was nearly 80%.Turbulent intensity had a large impact on energy balance ratio.Low energy balance ratio was observed under low friction velocity during the night.When there was a large fetch distance in a wind direction,a low energy balance ratio was caused by mismatch of the footprints between the available energy and turbulent fluxes.The effect of energy balance correction on CO2 flux was evaluated by assuming the imbalance caused by the underestimation of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux.The results showed an average increase of 10 g C m-2 yr-1 for annual NEE in both ecosystems with an energy balance correction.On the other hand,the u*threshold also have a large impact on annual sum NEE.Net carbon emission increased 37.5 g C m-2 yr-1 as u*threshold increased from 0.1 to 0.2 m s-1,indicating a large impact of imposing u*threshold on net ecosystem carbon exchange. | DU Qun LIU HuiZhi FENG JianWu WANG Lei | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，6： | 3 |
| 14 | Robust Optimization of the Output Voltage of Nanogenerators by Statistical Design of Experiments显示文摘Nanogenerators were first demonstrated by deflecting aligned ZnO nanowires using a conductive atomic force microscopy(AFM)tip.The output of a nanogenerator is affected by three parameters:tip normal force,tip scanning speed,and tip abrasion.In this work,systematic experimental studies have been carried out to examine the combined effects of these three parameters on the output,using statistical design of experiments.A statistical model has been built to analyze the data and predict the optimal parameter settings.For an AFM tip of cone angle 70°coated with Pt,and ZnO nanowires with a diameter of 50 nm and lengths of 600 nm to 1μm,the optimized parameters for the nanogenerator were found to be a normal force of 137 nN and scanning speed of 40μm/s,rather than the conventional settings of 120 nN for the normal force and 30μm/s for the scanning speed.A nanogenerator with the optimized settings has three times the average output voltage of one with the conventional settings. | Jinhui Song Huizhi Xie Wenzhuo Wu V.Roshan Joseph C.F.Jeff Wu Zhong Lin Wang | 2010 | Nano Research2010，3，9： | 3 |
| 15 | Studies on techniques of non-Rayleigh oceanic reverberation suppression显示文摘The sonar systems which work in shallow water environment suffer greatly from influences of oceanic noises,acoustic propagation seesaw and multipath.With shallow water environment and higher range-bearing resolution of sonar systems,there are not enough independent scatterers within a resolution cell for the central limit theorem to hold.The reverberation envelope probability density function(pdf) diverges from Rayleigh pdf.The non-Rayleigh pdf with heavier tails is complicated,and it is difficult to estimate the function parameters accurately in real time.With CFAR(Constant False Alarm Rate) processing of the reverberation envelope data,which attenuates the heavier tails data values to the estimated background power values,the data reverberation is transformed from non-Rayleigh distribution to approximately Rayleigh distribution.Since it gets rid of the interferences which affect the estimation of background power,the detector can estimate the oceanic background power level more accurately.With the rational estimation of background power level,the CFAR detection capability is better and robust.With processing of high resolution sonar data,it is shown that the proposed algorithm is efficient. | XU Yanwei ZHANG Chunhua CAI Huizhi LIU Yuntao WANG Yongfeng | 2013 | Chinese Journal of Acoustics2013，32，1： | 3 |
| 16 | Study of transmembrane La^(3+) movement in rat ventricular myocytes by the patch-clamp technique显示文摘We have studied transmembrane La3+ movement in rat ventricular myocytes for the first time by using the whole-cell patch-clamp recording mode. La3+ (0.01-5.0 mmol/L) could not bring out inward currents through the L-type calcium channel in rat ventricular myocytes, while it could enter the cells by the same way carried by 1μmo1/L ionomycin. When the outward Na+ concentration gradient is formed, La3+ can enter the cells via Na-Ca exchange, and the exchange currents increase with the increase of external La3+ concentrations. But compared with Na-Ca exchange currents in the same concentration, the former is only 14%-38% of the latter. The patch-clamp experiment indicates that La3+ normally can not enter ventricular myocytes through L-type calcium channel, but it can enter the cells via Na-Ca exchange. | YANG Pin, DU Huizhi & XUE ShaowuInstitute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，18： | 3 |
| 17 | Nuclear proteome profile of C57BL/6J mouse liver显示文摘The liver proteome can serve as a reference to better understand both disease mechanisms and possible therapeutics,since the liver is an important organ in the body that performs a large number of tasks.Here we identify the organelle proteome of C57BL/6J mouse liver nuclei as a promising strategy to enrich low abundance proteins,in the sense that analysis of whole liver cells is rather complex for current techniques and may not be suitable for proteins with low abundance.Evaluation of nucleus integrity and purity was performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimized isolation procedure.The extracted nuclear proteins were identified by 2-DE MS analyses,and a total of 748 proteins were identified.Bioinformatic analyses were performed to demonstrate the physicochemical properties,cellular locations and functions of the proteins. | ZHANG Yang FANG CaiYun BAO HuiMin FAN HuiZhi SHEN HuaLi YANG PengYuan | 2013 | Science China(Life Sciences)2013，56，6： | 3 |
| 18 | Multi-physics-resolved digital twin of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with a data-driven surrogate model显示文摘The development of multi-physics-resolved digital twins of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)is sig-nificant for the advancement of this technology.Here,to solve this scientific issue,a surrogate modelling method that combines a state-of-the-art three-dimensional PEMFC physical model and data-driven model is proposed.The surrogate modelling prediction results demonstrate that the test-set relative root mean square errors(rRMSEs)of the multi-physics fields range from 3.88%to 24.80%and can mirror the multi-physics field distribution charac-teristics well.In summary,for multi-physics field prediction,the data-driven surrogate model has a comparable accuracy to the comprehensive 3D physical model;however,it considerably reduces the cost of computation and time and achieves the efficient multi-physics-resolved digital-twin.Two model-based designs based on the as-developed digital twin framework,i.e.the PEMFC healthy operation envelope and the PEMFC state map,are demonstrated.This study highlights the potential of combining data-driven approaches and comprehensive physical models to develop the digital twin of complex systems,such as PEMFCs. | Bowen Wang Guobin Zhang Huizhi Wang Jin Xuan Kui Jiao | 2020 | Energy and AI2020，1，1： | 3 |
| 19 | Ground-based Observations of Ultraviolet and Total Solar Radiation in Shenyang,Northeast China显示文摘Objective This work explores the diurnal variation of Solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and total solar radiation (TSR) in northeast China,using daily observations of UVR and TSR in Shenyang.Methods UVR and TSR measurements were carried out from March 1st,2006 to December 31st,2009 in Shenyang,Liaoning province,China (41°51' N,123°27' E).Results Both TSR and UVR showed seasonal variation,reaching the highest levels in summer and the lowest in winter.They showed the greatest fluctuation in summer and autumn.The irradiance of TSR and UVR on clear days around the equinoxes and solstices increased substantially compared with the mean seasonal irradiance,especially in autumn.The whole day accumulated dose of UVR in winter was far less than that during the middle part of a summer day (i.e.between 10:00 and 14:00).It was also less than the accumulated summer dose of morning and afternoon (i.e.between 8:00 and 10:00 and 14:00 and 16:00).Conclusion The instant irradiance and daily accumulated amount of UVR are low in Shenyang,especially in autumn and winter.Thus concern about the health effects arising because shortage of UVR in northeast China is warranted. | GAO Qian HU LiWen GONG HuiZhi GAO Na YU JiaMing WANG Yang CHU Chun YANG Hui LIU Yang | 2011 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2011，24，5： | 2 |
| 20 | 不同近地层大气稳定度条件下洱海湖-气界面潜热和感热通量的控制因子显示文摘本文利用由涡动相关法观测得到的2015年高原开放淡水湖泊(洱海)的湍流通量资料,分析了湖面近地层大气稳定度特征以及不同稳定度条件下潜热和感热通量的主要控制因子。湖面近地层大气稳定度具有显著的日变化和季节变化特征。不同大气变量对潜热和感热通量的相对影响程度受到大气稳定度的调控。在稳定和不稳定范围内,潜热通量与湖-气间的水汽压差密切相关,而在弱不稳定到弱稳定范围内,潜热通量主要受风速控制。在稳定条件下,风速和湖-气温差对感热通量具有显著影响,而在不稳定条件下对感热通量的影响不显著。 | MENG Xiaoni LIU Huizhi DU Qun LIU Yang XU Lujun | 2020 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2020，13，5： | 2 |
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