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| 1 | Net energy of corn,soybean meal and rapeseed meal in growing pigs显示文摘Background: Two experiments were conducted to estimate the net energy(NE) of corn, soybean meal, expel er-pressed rapeseed meal(EP-RSM) and solvent-extracted rapeseed meal(SE-RSM) using indirect calorimetry and to validate the NE of these four ingredients using pig growth performance.Methods: In Exp.1, 24 barrows(initial BW = 36.4 ± 1.6 kg) were allotted to 1 of 4 diets which included a corn basal diet,a corn-soybean meal basal diet and two rapeseed meal diets containing 20% EP-RSM(9.5% ether extract) or SE-RSM(1.1% ether extract) substituted for corn and soybean meal. The design allowed the calculation of NE values of corn,soybean meal and rapeseed meals according to the difference method. In Exp.2, 175 growing pigs(initial BW = 36.0± 5.2 kg) were fed 1 of 5 diets for 28 d, with five pigs per pen and seven replications(pens) per treatment in order to validate the measured energy values. Diets were a corn-soybean meal diet and four diets including 10% or 20% EP-RSM and 10% or 20% SE-RSM.Results: The NE of corn, soybean meal, EP-RSM and SE-RSM were 12.46, 11.34, 11.71 and 8.83 MJ/kg DM, respectively. The NE to ME ratio of corn(78%) was similar to tabular values, however, the NE to ME ratios of soybean meal(70%) and rapeseed meal(76%) were greater than tabular values. The greater NE value in EP-RSM than in SE-RSM is consistent with its higher EE content. Increasing EP-RSM or SE-RSM did not affect the growth performance of pigs and the caloric efficiency of NE was comparable for al diets.Conclusions: The NE of EP-RSM was similar to soybean meal, and both were greater than SE-RSM. The DE, ME and NE values measured in Exp.1 are confirmed by results of Exp. 2 with comparable caloric efficiencies of DE, ME or NE for all diets. | Zhongchao Li Yakui Li Zhiqian Lv Hu Liu Jinbiao Zhao Jean Noblet Fenglai Wang Changhua Lai Defa Li | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，4： | 7 |
| 2 | Corrigendum to“Methodologies for energy evaluation of pig and poultry feeds:A review”[Animal Nutrition volume 8(2022),185-203]显示文摘The authors have realized that an error repeated 4 times in this paper.The corrected version should be the following. | Jean Noblet Shu-Biao Wu Mingan Choct | 2022 | Animal Nutrition2022，，2： | 4 |
| 3 | 猪的能量体系:新概念显示文摘饲料能值可用不同的能量体系来表达,根据能量被消化利用的途径可分为消化能、代谢能和净能。这篇综述考虑了日粮和动物因素,因为它们会影响猪对能量的消化和代谢过程。结果表明,饲料粗纤维的含量增加,会导致饲料能量的消化率下降,但是这种下降会随着动物体重的增加而减弱。因此,饲料的能值应根据猪体重来确定。事实上,至少应该有2组消化能数据,一组用于生长育肥猪,一组用于成年猪。代谢能的利用取决于饲料的化学组成,因为脂肪的能量转化效率为90%,淀粉为82%,蛋白质和粗纤维为60%。由于饲料组分的能量转化效率不同,采用消化能或代谢能体系评估日粮的能值,使得高蛋白质日粮的能值估计过高,而高淀粉或高脂肪的日粮能值估计过低。例如,玉米、豆粕和动物油的相对消化能分别为100、104和235,相对代谢能为102、99和244,而相对净能为107、79和289。INRA建议使用净能体系,因为与消化能、代谢能相比,净能值能更准确地预测动物的生长性能。先进的能量体系加上准确的蛋白评估体系(标准化的回肠消化率)使得新的饲喂方案(低蛋白或高脂肪日粮)能够放心的执行。本综述也给出了饲料原料的实际能值和猪对能量的推荐需要量。 | Jean Noblet Inra 陈春梅(译) | 2008 | 饲料与畜牧(新饲料)2008，，2： | 1 |
| 4 | 生长猪的营养:根据生长情况和环境条件进行日粮设计显示文摘 | Jean Noblet | 2001 | 国外畜牧学(猪与禽)2001，，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Methodologies for energy evaluation of pig and poultry feeds:A review显示文摘The cost of feed represents an important part of the total cost in swine and poultry production(>60%)with energy accounting for at least 70%of feed cost.The energy value of ingredients or compound feeds can be estimated as digestible(DE),metabolisable(ME)and net energy(NE)in pigs and ME and NE in poultry.The current paper reviews the different methods for evaluating DE,ME and NE of feeds for monogastric animals and their difficulties and limits,with a focus on NE.In pigs and poultry,energy digestibility depends on the chemical characteristics of the feed,but also on technology(pelleting,for instance)and animal factors such as their health and body weight.The ME value includes the energy losses in urine that are directly dependent on the proportion of dietary N excreted in urine resulting in the concept of ME adjusted for a zero N balance(MEn)in poultry.For poultry,the concept of true ME(TME,TMEn),which excludes the endogenous fecal and urinary energy losses from the excreta energy,was also developed.The measurement of dietary NE is more complex,and NE values of a given feed depend on the animal and environmental factors and also measurement and calculation methods.The combination of NE values of diets obtained under standardised conditions allows calculating NE prediction equations that are applicable to both ingredients and compound feeds.The abundance of energy concepts,especially for poultry,and the numerous feed and animal factors of variation related to energy digestibility or ME utilisation for NE suggest that attention must be paid to the experimental conditions for evaluating DE,ME or NE content.This also suggests the necessity of standardisations,one of them being,as implemented in pigs,an adjustment of ME values in poultry for an N retention representative of modern production conditions(MEs).In conclusion,this review illustrates that,in addition to numerous technical difficulties for evaluating energy in pigs and poultry,the absolute energy values depend on feed and animal factors,the environment,and the methods and concepts.Finally,as implemented in pigs,the use of NE values should be the objective of a more reliable energy system for poultry feeds. | Jean Noblet Shu-Biao Wu Mingan Choct | 2022 | Animal Nutrition2022，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | 体外方法分析生长猪饲粮中有机质和能量的消化率显示文摘体外分析猪饲料各养分能量的全消化道消化率,试验中测量了排泄物中有机质的消化率(OMdv)和排泄物中可消化有机物含量(DOMv,g·kg^-1),测量了60k生长猪所有配合饲料及饲料成分,成年母猪约2/3的配合饲料(粉料),在113种配合饲料(79种粉状料和34种颗粒料)和66种饲料成分(粉状)中,其有机质消化率(OMd)以及能量(Ed)与可消化能含量(DE,MJ·kg^-1);以及从这些饲料的消化率中估算饲料的净能(NE,MJ·kg^-1)。 | Jean Noblet Yolande Jaguelin-Peyrauda | 2007 | 饲料博览(技术版)2007，，9： | 0 |
| 7 | 生长猪的营养:根据生长情况和环境条件进行日粮设计(续完)显示文摘 | Jean Noblet | 2001 | 国外畜牧学(猪与禽)2001，，6： | 0 |
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