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| 1 | SPIRIT 2013声明:定义临床研究方案的标准条目显示文摘临床研究方案是临床研究设计、实行、报告和评价的基础。然而,临床研究方案及现存的临床研究方案指引在内容和质量上差异很大。本文描述了《规范临床研究方案内容》(Standard Protocol Items:Recommendations for Interventional Trials 2013 ),简称SPIRIT2013声明,一个临床研究方案必须报告的条目指引的系统建立和范围。 | An-Wen Chan Jennifer M.Tetzlaff Douglas G.Altman Andreas Laupacis Peter C.GΦtzsche Karmela Krleza-Jeri AsbjΦrn Hróbjartsson Howard Mann Kay Dickersin Jesse A.Berlin Caroline J.Doré Wendy R.Parulekar William S.M.Summerskill Trish Groves Kenneth F.Schulz Harold C.Sox Frank W.Rockhold Drummond Rennie David Moher 钟丽丹 郑颂华 吴泰相 李幼平 商洪才 张伯礼 唐旭东 吕爱平 卞兆祥 | 2013 | 中国循证医学杂志2013，13，12： | 23 |
| 2 | 限制热量摄入6个月对超重者寿命指标、代谢调节及氧化应激的影响——随机对照试验AuthorAffiliations:PenningtonBiomedicalResearchCenter.LouisianaStateUniversity.BatonRouge;andGarvan.InstituteforMedicalResearch.Dadinghurst,AustraIia(DrHeilbronn).显示文摘背景:长期限制热量摄入可延长啮齿类动物的寿命。但是,尚未有研究观测长期限制人体热量是否会影响其寿命及氧化应激指标,降低代谢率。
目的:在超重但不肥胖(体重指数为25—30)的人群中研究限制热量6个月伴/不伴运动对其产生的影响。
设计、地点及参试者:于2002年3月至2004年8月在位于路易斯安娜州首府巴顿鲁治的研究中心对48名不好动的健康人进行随机对照研究。
干预:参试者在6个月内随机分为4个组:对照组(饮食可维持体重);限制热量组(限制基线所需能量的25%);限制热量+运动组(限制12.5%的热量+运动增加12.5%的能耗);极低热量饮食组(每日摄入890keal,直至体重减少15%,随后采用维持体重的饮食)。
主要观测指标:机体组成;硫酸脱氢表雄酮(dehydroepiandrostemne sulfate,DHEAS)、葡萄糖及胰岛素水平;蛋白羰基化合物;DNA损伤;24小时能耗;核心体温。
结果:6个月时各组体重变化的均值(标准误)为:对照组-1.0%(1.1%);限制热量组-10.4%(0.9%);限制热量+运动组-10.0%(0.8%);极低热量饮食组-13.9%(0.7%)。6个月时,各干预组空腹血糖水平较基线明显降低(P均〈0.01),而DHEAS和葡萄糖水平没有改变。限制热量组及限制热量+运动组核心体温有所下降(P均〈0.05)。对机体组成进行校正后发现,对照组24小时静息能耗无变化,但限制热量组(-135kcal/d[42kcal/d])、限制热量+运动组(-117kcal/d[52kcal/d])和极低热量饮食组(-125kcal/d[35kcal/d])24小时静息能耗有所下降(P均〈0.008)。上述“代谢调节”(超出预计值的-6%)与对照组相比存在显著差异(P〈0.05)。6个月时,各组蛋白羰基化合物的浓度较基线时无变化,而各干预组DNA损伤有所减少(P〈0.005)。
结论:我们的研究结果显示,长期限制热量可降低人类寿命的2种指标(即空腹胰岛素水平和体温)。此外,我们的研究结果还支持下述理论,即限制热量能降低代谢率,且超过缩小代谢面积产生的相应效应。我们尚需开展远期研究来评价限制热量能否延缓人类衰老过程。 | Leonie K. Heibronn Lilian de Jonge Madlyn I. Frisard James P. DeLany D. Enette Larson-Meyer Jennifer Rood Tuong Nguyen Corby K. Martin Julia Volaufova Marlene M. Most Frank L. Greenway Steven R. Smith Walter A. Deutsch Donald A. Williamson Eric Ravussin 顾佳(译) | 2006 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2006，25，5： | 18 |
| 3 | 国际视野下的数字人文教育--基础设施视角的社区驱动型数字人文课程登记中心显示文摘数字人文以其新实践、新途径和新方法丰富了传统的人文学科领域。进入21世纪以来,暑期学校、研讨会和其他类似形式的教育活动普及了一系列与之相关的必备技能,以保证学生、学者们能够把握数字时代的新机会,同时世界各地推出了越来越多相关的学士和硕士项目。本文论述的焦点--数字人文课程登记中心(Digital Humanities Course Registry,DHCR)的创建就是为了展现全球日益兴盛的数字人文教育状况,其使命是广泛收集同类课程的资料,提供数字人文领域教学和培训的最新动态。文章探讨了数字人文这一新兴领域,并对CLARIN和DARIAH这两个欧洲基础设施进行介绍--它们是DHCR的共同运营者。文中还具体描述了DHCR的数据模型和数据管护流程,简要介绍其历史。利用DHCR实时数据,以定量方式描绘了数字人文教学的国际格局。 | Tanja Wissik Jennifer Edmond Frank Fischer Franciska de Jong Stefania Scagliola Andrea Scharnhorst Hendrik Schmeer Walter Scholger Leon Wessels 郑炜楠(译) 肖鹏(译) 林佩倩(校) | 2020 | 图书馆论坛2020，40，6： | 6 |
| 4 | Phase 2 trial of linifanib (ABT‐869) in patients with unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘 | Han Chong Toh Pei‐Jer Chen Brian I. Carr Jennifer J. Knox Sharlene Gill Peter Ansell Evelyn M. McKeegan Barry Dowell Michelle Pedersen Qin Qin Jiang Qian Frank A. Scappaticci Justin L. Ricker Dawn M. Carlson Wei Peng Yong | 2012 | Cancer2012，，2： | 4 |
| 5 | Current-use halogenated and organophosphorous flame retardants:A review of their presence in Arctic ecosystems显示文摘Since the ban of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)and hexabromocyclododecane(HBCDD),other flame retardants may be increasingly used.Thirty-one current-use halogenated(HFRs)and 24 organophosphorous flame retardants(PFRs)have been sought in Arctic ecosystems so far.Air measurements provide evidence of long-range atmospheric transport for the majority of these compounds,with much higher concentrations for PFRs than for HFRs.Some HFRs,i.e.bis(2-ethylhexyl)-tetrabromophthalate(BEH-TEBP),2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate(EH-TBB)and hexabromobenzene(HBBz),had air concentrations comparable to those of PBDEs in some studies.Complementary data for seawater and ice indicate dry deposition of HFRs,while net volatilization from seawater was observed for some PFRs.Studies in the marine environment indicate a wide presence of HFRs in marine biota,but generally at low levels,i.e.typically lower than those of PBDEs.Exceptions exist,namely 2,4,6-tribromophenyl 2,3-dibromopropyl ether(TBP-DBPE)and decabromodiphenyl ethane(DBDPE),which were found in concentrations comparable to PBDEs in some species.The same was the case for 2,4,6-tribromophenyl allyl ether(TBP-AE)in a study from the terrestrial environment.PFRs generally had low concentrations in biota,probably due to metabolic transformation of PFR triesters,as suggested by in vitro studies.Elevated PFR concentrations occurred in some individuals,generally indicating a larger variability of PFRs in biota than found for HFRs.The commercially important tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA)was only detected sporadically,and only in abiotic matrices. | Katrin Vorkamp Jennifer Balmer Hayley Hung Robert J.Letcher Frank F.Riget Cynthia A.de Wit | 2019 | Emerging Contaminants2019，5，1： | 2 |
| 6 | A review of chlorinated paraffin contamination in Arctic ecosystems显示文摘Chlorinated paraffins(CPs)present a complex mixture of congeners which are often analysed and assessed as short-,medium-and long-chain CPs,i.e.SSCCP(C10eC13),SMCCP(C14eC17)and SLCCP(C18).Their complexity makes the chemical analysis challenging,in particular in terms of accurate quantification,but promising developments involving ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry have been presented lately.Most Arctic data exist for SCCPs,while LCCPs have not yet been studied in the Arctic.SSCCP concentrations in Arctic air often exceeded those of SMCCP,usually with a predominance of the most volatile C10 congeners,and of banned persistent organic pollutants(POPs),such as polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs).The presence of SCCPs and MCCPs in Arctic air,as well as in the Antarctic and in the remote regions of the Tibetan plateau,provides evidence of their long-range transport including sufficient environmental persistence to reach the Arctic.Arctic vegetation accumulated SCCPs partly from air and partly through root uptake from soil,with consequences for the SCCP profile found in Arctic plants.No results have yet been reported for CPs in terrestrial Arctic animals.Results for freshwater sediment and fish confirmed the long-range transport of SCCPs and MCCPs and documented their bioaccumulation.Where additional PCB data were available,SPCB was usually higher than SSCCP in freshwater fish.Both SCCPs and MCCPs were widely present in marine Arctic biota(e.g.mussels,fish,seabirds,seals,whales,polar bears).In mussels and Atlantic cod,SMCCP concentrations exceeded those of SSCCP,while this was less clear for other marine species.Marine mammals and the long-lived Greenland shark roughly had SSCCP concentrations of 100e500 ng/g lipid weight,often dominated by C11 congeners.Biomagnification appeared to be more pronounced for SSCCP than for SMCCP,but more studies will be needed.Increasing SSCCP concentrations were observed in Arctic air and sediment over time,but not in beluga monitored since the 1980s.For both SCCPs and MCCPs,increasing concentrations over time have been shown in blue mussels and Atlantic cod at some,but not all stations.Indications exist of local sources of SCCPs in the Arctic,including Arctic settlements and research stations.In studies involving multiple locations,a general decrease of SCCP concentrations with increasing latitude or distance from point sources was observed as well as relatively more MCCPs at locations closer to potential CP sources.Monitoring of SCCPs and MCCPs has been initiated in some Arctic regions and will be important to assess the effect of recent regulations of SCCPs and the use of potential replacement chemicals. | Katrin Vorkamp Jennifer Balmer Hayley Hung Robert J.Letcher Frank F.Riget | 2019 | Emerging Contaminants2019，5，1： | 2 |
| 7 | Basic Demographics, Health Practices, and Health Status of U.S. Medical Students显示文摘 | Erica Frank Jennifer S. Carrera Lisa Elon Vicki S. Hertzberg | 2006 | American Journal of Preventive Medicine2006，，6： | 2 |
| 8 | MRI-guided Biopsy to Correlate Tissue Specimens with MR Elastography Stiffness Readings in Liver Transplants显示文摘 | Ryan B. Perumpail Josh Levitsky Yi Wang Victoria S. Lee Jennifer Karp Ning Jin Guang-Yu Yang Bradley D. Bolster Saurabh Shah Sven Zuehlsdorff Albert A. Nemcek Andrew C. Larson Frank H. Miller Reed A. Omary | 2012 | Academic Radiology2012，，9： | 2 |
| 9 | Wnt signaling during fracture repair显示文摘 | Frank J. Secreto Luke H. Hoeppner Jennifer J. Westendorf | 2009 | Current Osteoporosis Reports2009，，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Quantifying the bullwhip effect in a simple supply chain:The impact of forecasting ,lead times,and information显示文摘 | FRANK C ZVI D JENNIFER R K el al | 2000 | Management Science2000，46，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Major bile duct injuries after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A tertiary center experience显示文摘 | Andrea Frilling M.D. Ph.D. Jun Li M.D. Frank Weber M.D. Nils Roman Frühauf M.D. Jennifer Engel Susanne Beckebaum M.D. Andreas Paul M.D. Thomas Z?pf M.D. Massimo Malago M.D. Ph.D. Christoph Erich Broelsch M.D. Ph.D | 2004 | Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2004，，6： | 1 |
| 12 | The metabolic response to ingested glycine显示文摘 | Jennifer A Nuttall Frank Q Nutta | 2002 | American Journal of Clinical Nutrition2002，76，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Descending Facilitation From the Rostral Ventromedial Medulla Maintains Visceral Pain in Rats With Experimental Pancreatitis显示文摘 | Louis P. Vera–Portocarrero Jennifer X. Yie Justin Kowal Michael H. Ossipov Tamara King Frank Porreca | 2006 | Gastroenterology2006，，7： | 1 |
| 14 | Quantifying the bullwhip effect in a simple supply chain: the impact of forecasting, lead time, and information 显示文摘 | Frank Chen Zvi Drzner Ryan Jennifer K | 2000 | Management Science2000，46，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Quantifying the Bullwhip Effect in a Simple Supply Chain: The Impact of Forecasting,Lead Times, and Information显示文摘 | Frank C Zvi D Jennifer R K | 2000 | Management Science2000，46，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Quantifying The Bullwhip Effect In A Simple Supply Chain: The Impact Of Forecasting, Lead Times, And Information 显示文摘 | Chen Frank Drezner Zvi Ryan K Jennifer | 2000 | Management Science2000，46，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Quantifying the bullwhip effect in a simple supply chain:the impact of forecasting,lead times,and informations显示文摘 | FRANK CHEN ZVI DREZNER JENNIFER K RYAN DAVID SIMCHI-LEVI | 2000 | MS2000，46，3： | 1 |
| 18 | AMERICA’S CHANGING COLOR LINES: Immigration, Race/Ethnicity, and Multiracial Identification显示文摘 | Jennifer Lee Frank D. Bean | 2004 | Annual Review of Sociology2004，，： | 1 |
| 19 | The metabolic response to ingested glycine显示文摘 | Mary C G Jennifer A N Frank Q N | 2002 | American Journal of Clinical Nutrition2002，76，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Childhood obesity and proximity to urban parks and recreational resources: A longitudinal cohort study显示文摘 | Jennifer Wolch Michael Jerrett Kim Reynolds Rob McConnell Roger Chang Nicholas Dahmann Kirby Brady Frank Gilliland Jason G. Su Kiros Berhane | 2010 | Health and Place2010，，1： | 1 |
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