| 1 | Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression in early focal cerebral infarction following urokinase thrombolysis in rats显示文摘Activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 increases following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion,and is associated with cerebral microvascular permeability,blood-brain barrier destruction,inflammatory cell infiltration and brain edema.Matrix metalloproteinase-9 also likely participates in thrombolysis.A rat model of middle cerebral artery infarction was established by injecting autologous blood clots into the internal carotid artery.At 3 hours following model induction,urokinase was injected into the caudal vein.Decreased neurological severity score,reduced infarct volume,and increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 were observed in the cerebral cortex 24 hours after urokinase thrombolysis.These results suggest that urokinase can suppress damage in the acute-early stage of cerebral infarction. | Yuqiang Song Hongli Zou Guofeng Wang Hongxia Yang Zhaohong Xie Jianzhong Bi | 2012 | Neural Regeneration Research2012，7，17： | 6 |
| 4 | Deaths and adverse events from adjuvant therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid malignant tumors:A systematic review and network meta-analysis显示文摘Background:By prolonging overall survival and reducing disease recurrence rates,immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are an emerging adjuvant therapy option for patients with resectable malignant tumors.However,the safety profile(deaths and adverse events[AEs])of adjuvant ICIs has not been fully described.Methods:We searched the literature for phase III randomized clinical trials that compared PD-1,PD-L1,and CTLA-4 inhibitors in solid malignant tumors.Incidences of death,discontinuation,AEs of any cause,treatment-related adverse events(TRAEs),and immune-related adverse events(IRAEs)were extracted for the network meta-analysis.Network meta-analyses with low incidence and poor convergence are reported as incidences with 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs).Results:Ten randomized clinical trials that included 9243 patients who received ICI adjuvant therapy were eligible.In total,21 deaths due to TRAEs were recorded,with an overall incidence of 0.40%(95%CI:0.26–0.61).The treatment-related mortality rates for ipilimumab(0.76%,95%CI:0.31–1.55)and atezolizumab(0.56%,95%CI:0.18–1.31)were higher than for pembrolizumab(0.24%,95%CI:0.10–0.56)and nivolumab(0.30%,95%CI:0.08–0.77).The most frequent causes of death were associated with the gastrointestinal(0.10%,95%CI:0.04–0.24)and pulmonary(0.08%,95%CI:0.03–0.21)systems.Compared with the control arm,we found that nivolumab(odds ratio[OR]:2.73,95%CI:0.49–15.85)and atezolizumab(OR:12.43,95%CI:2.42–78.48)caused the fewest grade≥3 TRAEs and IRAEs.Commonly reported IRAEs of special interest were analyzed,and two agents were found to have IRAEs with incidences>10%,i.e.,hepatitis for atezolizumab(14.80%,95%CI:12.53–17.32)and hypophysitis for ipilimumab(13.53%,95%CI:11.38–15.90).Conclusions:Ipilimumab and atezolizumab were correlated with higher treatment-related death rates than pembrolizumab and nivolumab,in which the gastrointestinal and pulmonary systems were mostly involved.Regarding severe TRAEs and IRAEs,nivolumab and atezolizumab are likely to be the safest agent,respectively.This study will guide clinical practice for ICI adjuvant therapies. | Ruiyang Xie Jie Wu Bingqing Shang Xingang Bi Chuanzhen Cao Youyan Guan Hongzhe Shi Jianzhong Shou | 2022 | Cancer Innovation2022，1，4： | 0 |
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