| 1 | Mucosal healing and inflammatory bowel disease:Therapeutic implications and new targets显示文摘Mucosal healing(MH)is vital in maintaining homeostasis within the gut and protecting against injury and infections.Multiple factors and signaling pathways contribute in a dynamic and coordinated manner to maintain intestinal homeostasis and mucosal regeneration/repair.However,when intestinal homeostasis becomes chronically disturbed and an inflammatory immune response is constitutively active due to impairment of the intestinal epithelial barrier autoimmune disease results,particularly inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Many proteins and signaling pathways become dysregulated or impaired during these pathological conditions,with the mechanisms of regulation just beginning to be understood.Consequently,there remains a relative lack of broadly effective therapeutics that can restore MH due to the complexity of both the disease and healing processes,so tissue damage in the gastrointestinal tract of patients,even those in clinical remission,persists.With increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms of IBD and MH,tissue damage from autoimmune disease may in the future be ameliorated by developing therapeutics that enhance the body’s own healing response.In this review,we introduce the concept of mucosal healing and its relevance in IBD as well as discuss the mechanisms of IBD and potential strategies for altering these processes and inducing MH. | Megan Lynn Otte Raju Lama Tamang Julia Papapanagiotou Rizwan Ahmad Punita Dhawan Amar B Singh | 2023 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2023，29，7： | 1 |
| 2 | A micromechanical model for efective conductivity in granular electrode structures显示文摘Optimization of composition and microstructure is important to enhance performance of solid oxide fuel cells(SOFC) and lithium-ion batteries(LIB). For this, the porous electrode structures of both SOFC and LIB are modeled as a binary mixture of electronic and ionic conducting particles to estimate efective transport properties. Particle packings of 10 000 spherical, binary sized and randomly positioned particles are created numerically and densified considering the diferent manufacturing processes in SOFC and LIB: the sintering of SOFC electrodes is approximated geometrically,whereas the calendering process and volume change due to intercalation in LIB are modeled physically by a discrete element approach. A combination of a tracking algorithm and a resistor network approach is developed to predict the connectivity and efective conductivity for the various densified structures. For SOFC, a systematic study of the influence of morphology on connectivity and conductivity is performed on a large number of assemblies with diferent compositions and particle size ratios between 1 and 10. In comparison to percolation theory, an enlarged percolation area is found, especially for large size ratios. It is shown that in contrast to former studies the percolation threshold correlates to varying coordination numbers. The efective conductivity shows not only an increase with volume fraction as expected but also with size ratio. For LIB, a general increase of conductivity during the intercalation process was observed in correlation with increasing contact forces. The positive influence of calendering on the percolation threshold and the efective conductivity of carbon black is shown. The anisotropy caused by the calendering process does not influence the carbon black phase. | Julia Ott Benjamin Vlker Yixiang Gan Robert M.Mc Meeking Marc Kamlah | 2013 | Acta Mechanica Sinica2013，29，5： | 0 |
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