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| 1 | Meta-analyses on prevalence of selected Parkinson’s nonmotor symptoms before and after diagnosis显示文摘Background:Nonmotor symptoms are common among patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD)and some may precede disease diagnosis.Methods:We conducted a meta-analysis on the prevalence of selected nonmotor symptoms before and after PD diagnosis,using random-effect models.We searched PubMed(1965 through October/November 2012)for the following symptoms:hyposmia,constipation,rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder,excessive daytime sleepiness,depression,and anxiety.Eligible studies were publications in English with original data on one or more of these symptoms.Results:The search generated 2,373 non-duplicated publications and 332 met the inclusion criteria,mostly(n=320)on symptoms after PD diagnosis.For all symptoms,the prevalence was substantially higher in PD cases than in controls,each affecting over a third of the patients.Hyposmia was the most prevalent(75.5%in cases vs.19.1%in controls),followed by constipation(50%vs.17.7%),anxiety(39.9%vs.19.1%),rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder(37.0%vs.7.0%),depression(36.6%vs.14.9%),and excessive daytime sleepiness(33.9%vs.10.5%).We observed substantial heterogeneities across studies and meta-regression analyses suggested that several factors might have contributed to this.However,the prevalence estimates were fairly robust in several sensitivity analyses.Only 20 studies had data on any symptoms prior to PD diagnosis,but still the analyses revealed higher prevalence in future PD cases than in controls.Conclusion:These symptoms are common among PD patients both before and after diagnosis.Further studies are needed to understand the natural history of nonmotor symptoms in PD and their etiological and clinical implications. | Honglei Chen Edward J Zhao Wen Zhang Yi Lu Rui Liu Xuemei Huang Anna J Ciesielski-Jones Michele A Justice Deborah S Cousins Shyamal Peddada | 2015 | Translational Neurodegeneration2015，4，1： | 18 |
| 2 | Gq signaling is required for allergen-induced pulmonary eosinophilia显示文摘 | Borchers M T Justice P J Ansay T | 2002 | J Immunol2002，168，7： | 2 |
| 3 | Metamaterial Electromagnetic Cloak at Microwave Frequencies 显示文摘 | Schurig D Mock J J Justice B J | 2006 | Science2006，314，5801： | 1 |
| 4 | Nutrient changes in the Mississippi River and system responses on the adjacent continental shelf显示文摘 | RABALAIS N N WISEMAN W J Jr JUSTIC D | 1996 | Estuaries1996，19，： | 1 |
| 5 | Metameterial elec- tromagnetic cloak at microwave frequencies 显示文摘 | Schurig D Mock J J Justice B J | 2006 | Science2006，314，： | 1 |
| 6 | Variations on the Notch pathway in neu- ral development显示文摘 | Justice N J Jan YN | 2002 | Curr Opin Neurobiol2002，12，： | 1 |
| 7 | Analysis of thePhenology of Global Vegetation Using Meteorological Satel-lite Data显示文摘 | Justice C O Townshend J Holben B N | 1985 | International Journal of Remote Sensing1985，6，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Terrestrial remote sensing science and algorithms planned for EOS/MODIS 显示文摘 | Running S W Justice C J Sao mon son V | 1994 | Int J R S1994，15，17： | 1 |
| 9 | The MODIS fire products显示文摘 | C.O Justice L Giglio S Korontzi J Owens J.T Morisette D Roy J Descloitres S Alleaume F Petitcolin Y Kaufman | 2002 | Remote Sensing of Environment2002，，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Analysis of the dynamics of African vegetation using the normalized difference vegetation index 显示文摘 | Townshend J R G & Justice C O | 1986 | International Journal of Remote Sensing1986，7，： | 1 |
| 11 | The Effect Negative Word of Mouth Behavior and Repatronage Intention 显示文摘 | Blodgett G J Granbois D H Walters of Perceived Justice on Complaints' R G | 1993 | Retailing1993，69，12： | 1 |
| 12 | Functional genomics in the post-genome era显示文摘 | Woychik R P Klebig M L Justice M J | 1998 | Mut Res1998，400，： | 1 |
| 13 | A global by NDVI dataset for cli- mate studies derived fi'om the GIMMS continental NDVI data显示文摘 | Los S O Justice C O Tucker C J | 1994 | International Journal of Remote Sensing1994，15，17： | 1 |
| 14 | An enhanced contextual fire detection algorithm for MODIS显示文摘 | Giglio L Descloitres J S Justice C O | 2003 | Remote Sensing of Environ- ment2003，87，： | 1 |
| 15 | Quality of life end points in cancer clinical trials: the US Food and Drug Administration perspeciive 显示文摘 | Beitz J Gnecco C Justice R | 1996 | J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr1996，20，： | 1 |
| 16 | Analysis of the phenology of global vegetation using meteorological satellite data 显示文摘 | Justice C O Townshend J R G Holben B N | 1985 | International Journal of Remote Sensing1985，6，： | 1 |
| 17 | An overview of MODIS land data processing and product status显示文摘 | Justic C Townshend J Vermote E | 2002 | Remote Sensing of Environment2002，，83： | 1 |
| 18 | Yeasterday, today and tomorrow显示文摘 | Greenberg J Organizational justice | 1990 | Jourual of Management1990，，16： | 1 |
| 19 | Monitoring giobal fires from EOS-MODIS显示文摘 | Kaufman Y J Justice C Flynn L | 1998 | Jouranl of Geophysical Research1998，102，29： | 1 |
| 20 | IL-10 reduces Th2 cytokine production and eosinophilia but augments air- way reactivity in allergic mice显示文摘 | van Scott M R Justice J P Brad{ield J F | 2000 | Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol2000，278，66： | 1 |
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