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| 1 | 土壤中的生物多样性与生态系统功能显示文摘我们回顾了目前关于土壤生物多样性及其在生态系统过程中的作用、对于人类目标的重要性及对胁迫和扰动的恢复能力等的研究进展。现存物种的数量远远大于人们已经描述的数量,即使是对于肉眼可见的分类群也是如此。而且也普遍缺乏在生物地理学上的综合描述。迫切需要在分类学和对新一代系统科学家培训上做更大努力。尤其是应当集中致力于就我们所知。对生态系统功能起关键作用的土壤生物类群方面。为了确定这种类群,需要对土壤生物区系的影响圈(sphere of Influence,SOI),如根的生物区系、有机物质破碎者(shredder)和土壤生物扰动者(bioturbator)加以识别,这些影响圈比如可能通过与植物的相互作用而控制着生态系统的过程。在这些SOI中,我们分析出了土壤有机体的功能类群。最迫切需要研究的问题是将物种按功能类群进行区分,并确定功能类群中的物种冗余。这种迫切性是根据为阐述与集约化农业、森林扰动、环境污染和全球环境变化有关的土壤功能丧失程度的需要而确定的。目前认为最处于危险的土壤生物区系是那些大型动物群的有机物破碎者、土壤生物扰动者、某些专门的细菌(如硝化细菌和固氮菌)以及形成真菌的菌根中贫乏物种的功能类群。在开展这些优先性研究时,需要使用长期的和大尺度的田间试验,以及地理统计学和地理信息系统等现代方法进行试验研究。 | Lijbert Brussaard Val M.Behan-Pelletier David E.Bignell Valerie K.Brown Wim Didden Patrica Folgarait Carlos Fragoso Diana Wall Freckman Vadakattu V.S.R.Gupta Tsutomu Hattori's David L.Hawkworth Carole Klopatek Patric Lavelle David W.Malloch Josef Rusek Bengt Sderstrom James M.Tiedje Ross A.Virginia 闵庆文 | 1997 | 人类环境杂志1997，26，8： | 6 |
| 2 | 美国医学遗传学会对基因芯片拷贝数变异结果解读指南显示文摘全基因组芯片已被推荐作为分析智力障碍、孤独症、多发性出生缺陷病因的首要筛查手段,通过芯片检查发现了人类基因组中大量的拷贝数变异(copy number variation,CNV),这些变异中既有正常个体的多态性,也有新发的致病性变异。为帮助临床实验室对芯片结果的解读保持一致性,美国医学遗传学会制定了此有关CNV的解读指南。该指南主要应用于产后的分子遗传诊断中。 | Hutton M.Kearney Erik C.Thorl Kerry K.Brown Fabiola Quintero-Rivera Sarah T.South 吴畏 刘嘉茵 | 2014 | 国际生殖健康/计划生育杂志2014，33，3： | 6 |
| 3 | Adaptation to environmental change:Contributions of a resilience framework显示文摘 | D.R.Nelson A.W.Neil K.Brown | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Biogeography of the Australian monsoon tropics显示文摘 | D. M. J. S.Bowman G. K.Brown M. F.Braby J. R.Brown L. G.Cook M. D.Crisp F.Ford S.Haberle J.Hughes Y.Isagi L.Joseph J.McBride G.Nelson P. Y.Ladiges | 2010 | Journal of Biogeography2010，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Jury Nullification within the Rule of Law显示文摘 | Darryl K.Brown | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Measurement and Modeling of the Economic Effects of Trade and Investment Barriers in Services显示文摘 | Drusilla K.Brown Robert M.Stern | 2002 | Review of International Economics2002，，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Emergent interactions influence functional traits and success of dune building ecosystem engineers显示文摘Aims Dune building processes are affected by interactions between the growth of ecosystem engineering dune grasses and environmen-tal factors associated with disturbance such as sand burial and sea spray.Research investigating how species interactions influence dune community structure and functional trait responses in high abiotic stress environments is minimal.We investigated how spe-cies interactions influence the functional trait responses of three dominant dune grasses to common abiotic stressors.Methods We performed a multi-factorial greenhouse experiment by plant-ing three common dune grasses(Ammophila breviligulata Fern.,Uniola paniculata L.and Spartina patens Muhl.)in different interspecific combinations,using sand burial and sea spray as abiotic stressors.Sand burial was applied once at the beginning of the study.Sea spray was applied three times per week using a calibrated spray bottle.Morphological functional trait meas-urements(leaf elongation,maximum root length,aboveground biomass and belowground biomass)were collected at the end of the study.the experiment continued from May 2015 to August 2015.Important Findings Species interactions between A.breviligulata and U.paniculata negatively affected dune building function traits of A.breviligulata,indicating that interactions with U.paniculata could alter dune community structure.Furthermore,A.breviligulata had a negative interaction with S.patens,which decreased S.patens functional trait responses to abiotic stress.When all species occurred together,the interactions among species brought about coexistence of all three species.Our data suggest that species interactions can change traditional functional trait responses of dominant species to abiotic stress. | Joseph K.Brown Julie C.Zinnert Donald R.Young | 2018 | Journal of Plant Ecology2018，11，4： | 0 |
| 8 | 《语言与语言学百科全书》第二版简介显示文摘 | K.Brown 徐学平 | 2009 | 当代语言学2009，11，2： | 0 |
| 9 | Effects of excluding bottom-disturbing mobile fishing gear on abundance and biomass of groundfishes in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary,USA显示文摘The Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (southern Gulf of Maine, northwest Atlantic) is partially overlappedby the Western Gulf of Maine Closure Area (WGMCA). This is a region in which mobile, bottom-disturbing fishing gear has beenbanned by the New England Fishery Management Council to facilitate the rebuilding of depleted groundfish populations. We assessedthe effects and effectiveness of the WGMCA on groundfish assemblages using habitat-stratified (gravel, sand, mixed benthichabitats) sampling by means of a commercial trawler, inside and outside of the WGMCA. Sampling occurred over threemonth-long sampling periods in 2004-2005, two during the spring seasons and one during the fall season. A total of 18 specieswere analyzed for protection effects. After controlling for substratum, location and sampling season, eight groundfish species exhibitedhigher mean proportional abundance inside than outside the WGMCA while two were proportionally more abundant onaverage outside of the closure. Four species had higher mean proportional biomasses on average inside the closure and three outside.We conclude that the WGMCA may be achieving its goal of rebuilding abundance and biomass for some commercially targetedgroundfishes but not all. This study, six to seven years post-closure establishment, reveals fine-scale spatial and taxonomiccomplexity which will require a very different monitoring protocol than the one currently in place if adaptive management is to besuccessful in the | Briana K.BROWN Elizabeth SOULE Les KAUFMAN | 2010 | Current Zoology2010，56，1： | 0 |
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