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| 1 | Necrotizing enterocolitis: A multifactorial disease with no cure显示文摘Necrotizing enterocolitis is an inflammatory bowel disease of neonates with significant morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Due to the multifactorial nature o the disease and limitations in disease models, early diagnosis remains challenging and the pathogenesis elusive. Although preterm birth, hypoxic-ischemic events formula feeding, and abnormal bacteria colonization are established risk factors, the role of genetics and vasoactive/inflammatory mediators is unclear Consequently, treatments do not target the specific underlying disease processes and are symptomatic and surgically invasive. Breast-feeding is the most effective preventative measure. Recent advances in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis have focused on bioactive nutrients and trophic factors in human milk. Developmen of new disease models including the aspect of prematurity that consistently predisposes neonates to the disease with multiple risk factors will improve our understanding of the pathogenesis and lead to discovery of innovative therapeutics. | Kareena L Schnabl John E Van Aerde Alan BR Thomson Michael T Clandinin | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，14： | 19 |
| 2 | Increased catabolism and decreased unsaturation of ganglioside in patients with inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether accelerated catabolism of ganglioside and decreased ganglioside content contribute to the etiology of pro-inflammatory intestinal disease. METHODS: Intestinal mucosa from terminal ileum or colon was obtained from patients with ulcerative colitis or inflammatory Crohn's disease(n = 11) undergoing bowel resection and compared to control samples of normal intestine from patients with benign colon polyps(n = 6) and colorectal cancer(n = 12) in this observational case-control study. Gangliosides and phospholipids of intestinal mucosa were characterized by class and ceramide or fatty acid composition using liquid chromatography triple-quad mass spectrometry. Content and composition of ganglioside classes GM1, GM3, GD3, GD1 a, GT1 and GT3 were compared among subject groups. Content and composition of phospholipid classes phosphatidylcholine(PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine were compared among subject groups. Unsaturation index of individual ganglioside and phospholipid classes was computed and compared among subject groups. Ganglioside catabolism enzymes beta-hexosaminidase A(HEXA) and sialidase-3(NEU3) were measured in intestinal mucosa using western blot and compared among subject groups. RESULTS: Relative GM3 ganglioside content was 2-fold higher(P < 0.05) in intestine from patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) compared to control intestine. The quantity of GM3 and ratio of GM3/GD3 was also higher in IBD intestine than control tissue(P < 0.05). Control intestine exhibited 3-fold higher(P < 0.01) relative GD1 a ganglioside content than IBD intestine. GD3 and GD1 a species of ganglioside containing three unsaturated bonds were present in control intestine, but were not detected in IBD intestine. The relative content of PC containing more than two unsaturated bonds was 30% lower in IBD intestine than control intestine(P < 0.05). The relative content of HEXA in IBD intestine was increased 1.7-fold(P < 0.05) and NEU3 was increased 8.3-fold(P < 0.01) compared to normal intestine. Intestinal mucosa in IBD is characterized by increased GM3 content, decreased GD1 a, and a reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acid constituents in GD3, GD1 a and PC.CONCLUSION: This study suggests a new paradigm by proposing that IBD occurs as a consequence of increased metabolism of specific gangliosides. | John J Miklavcic Glen K Shoemaker Vera C Mazurak M Tom Clandinin Tasha DL Hart Kareena L Schnabl Gordon M Lees Bodil MK Larsen Oliver F Bathe Alan BR Thomson M Tom Clandinin | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，35： | 3 |
| 3 | Equivalent static wind loads for buffeting response of bridges显示文摘 | Chen X Z Kareena A | 2001 | Journal of Structural Engineering2001，127，： | 1 |
| 4 | Frequent loss of chromsome 3p and hypermethylation of RASSF1A in cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘 | NATHALIE W LIBBY L KAREENA T | 2002 | J Hepatol2002，37，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Dietary Ganglioside Reduces Proinflammatory Signaling in the Intestine显示文摘 | John Janez Miklavcic Kareena Leanne Schnabl Vera Christine Mazurak Alan Bryan Robert Thomson Michael Thomas Clandinin Phillip B. Hylemon | 2012 | Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism2012，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Gangliosides Protect Bowel in an Infant Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis by Suppressing Proinflammatory Signals显示文摘 | Kareena L Schnabl Bodil Larsen John E Van Aerde Gordon Lees Mark Evans Miodrag Belosevic Catherine Field ABR Thomson Michael T Clandinin | 2009 | Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition2009，，4： | 1 |
| 7 | 我的妹妹显示文摘我的妹妹很可爱。每天都跟我玩儿。她喜欢我给她读书。我的妹妹也很聪明,她会自己上电脑玩儿游戏,也会用电脑学英文字母。我妹妹喜欢画画。每次画完一幅画都要我们留着。她画得很可爱。每次画画都会画公主,因为她喜欢迪斯尼。我妹妹最喜欢灰姑娘。 | Kareena Wu | 2012 | 作文通讯2012，，2： | 0 |
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