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| 1 | A LN2-based cooling system for a next-generation liquid xenon dark matter detector显示文摘In recent years, cooling technology for liquid xenon(LXe) detectors has advanced driven by the development of dark matter(DM) detectors with target mass in the 100–1000 kg range. The next generation of DM detectors based on LXe will be in the 50,000 kg(50 t)range requiring more than 1 k W of cooling power. Most of the prior cooling methods become impractical at this level.For cooling a 50 t scale LXe detector, a method is proposed in which liquid nitrogen(LN2) in a small local reservoir cools the xenon gas via a cold finger. The cold finger incorporates a heating unit to provide temperature regulation. The proposed cooling method is simple, reliable, and suitable for the required long-term operation for a rare event search. The device can be easily integrated into present cooling systems, for example the ‘‘Cooling Bus’ ’employed for the Panda X I and II experiments. It is still possible to cool indirectly with no part of the cooling or temperature control system getting in direct contact with the clean xenon in the detector. Also, the cooling device can be mounted at a large distance, i.e., the detector is cooled remotely from a distance of 5–10 m. The method was tested in a laboratory setup at Columbia University to carry out different measurements with a small LXe detector and behaved exactly as predicted. | Karl Ludwig Giboni Pratibha Juyal Elena Aprile Yun Zhang Junji Naganoma | 2020 | Nuclear Science and Techniques2020，31，8： | 2 |
| 2 | 工业4.0时代钢铁行业转型中的新型服务显示文摘伴随着数字化和工业4. 0的快速发展,出现了多种新型的冶金服务模式,并且这些服务模式与中国钢铁行业'十三五'规划制定的转型升级措施相吻合。用3个实例进一步验证了钢铁生产企业要想保持良好的竞争力,与拥有雄厚实力且能提供设备制造、工艺、电气自动化和全方位服务支持的原始设备供应商,建立长期合作、互利共赢的合作关系是十分必要性的。 | Karl Purkarthofer Eva Tatschl-Unterberger Ludwig Reiter Gerald Hohenbichler Klaus Stohl Gabriel Royo | 2019 | 河北冶金2019，，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Massive Pulmonary Embolism: Treatment with Thrombus Fragmentation and Local Fibrinolysis with Recombinant Human-Tissue Plasminogen Activator显示文摘 | Klaus Wilhelm Stock Augustinus Ludwig Jacob Karl Jakob Schnabel Georg Bongartz Wolfgang Steinbrich | 1997 | Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology1997，，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Waterborne polyurethane显示文摘 | Noble Karl Ludwig | 1997 | Progress in Organic Coating1997，，32： | 1 |
| 5 | MSG1, a surface-localised protein of Mycoplasma suis is involved in the adhesion to erythrocytes显示文摘 | Ludwig E. Hoelzle Katharina Hoelzle Marianne Helbling Heike Aupperle Heinz A. Schoon Mathias Ritzmann Karl Heinritzi Kathrin M. Felder Max M. Wittenbrink | 2007 | Microbes and Infection2007，，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Insider trading rules and price formation in securities markets: an entropy analysis of strategic trading显示文摘 | Keiber Karl Ludwig | 2006 | International Journal of Theo- retical and Applied Finance2006，9，： | 1 |
| 7 | Waterborne polyurethanes 显示文摘 | Karl - Ludwig N | 1997 | Progress in Organic Coatings1997，32，14： | 1 |
| 8 | Occurfence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment 显示文摘 | Roman H T Temes Klaus Karl - ludwig K H | 1999 | The Science of the Total Environment1999，225，： | 1 |
| 9 | Waterborne Polyurethane 显示文摘 | NOBLE Karl - Ludwig | 1997 | Progress in Organic Coatings1997，32，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Vaccination with the Mycoplasma suis recombinant adhesion protein MSG1 elicits a strong immune response but fails to induce protection in pigs显示文摘 | Katharina Hoelzle Susanne Doser Mathias Ritzmann Karl Heinritzi Andreas Palzer Sabine Elicker Manuela Kramer Kathrin M. Felder Ludwig E. Hoelzle | 2009 | Vaccine2009，，39： | 1 |
| 11 | Fibrinogen as a cardiovascular risk factor:a Meta-analysis and review of the literature 显示文摘 | Edzard Ernst & Karl Ludwig Resch | 1993 | Annals of Internal Medicine1993，118，： | 1 |
| 12 | Waterborne Polyurethanes显示文摘 | NOBLE Karl Ludwig | 1997 | Progress in Organic Coatings1997，32，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Waterborne polyurethane 显示文摘 | Karl - Ludwig Noble | 1997 | Progress in Organic Coating1997，，32： | 1 |
| 14 | Dry double clutch systems : Innovative components for highly efficient tranmissions 显示文摘 | Uwe W Peter B Bruno M Karl - Ludwig K Markus K | 2009 | Auto Technology2009，，9： | 1 |
| 15 | Waterborne Polyurethane 显示文摘 | Karl Ludwig Nobel | 1997 | Progress in Organic Coatings1997，32，： | 1 |
| 16 | Clutch systems for the highly - efficient double clutch transmission:The dry double clutch system is the key element of the new automated passenger vehicle drivetrain显示文摘 | Karl - Ludwig K Uwe W Reinhard B | 2008 | LuK Symposium2008，，2029： | 1 |
| 17 | System design for dual clutches for large and small vehicles 显示文摘 | Gerd J Karl - Ludwig K Reinhard B | 2007 | LuK Symposium2007，，25： | 1 |
| 18 | Waterborne polyurethanes 显示文摘 | Noble Karl - Ludwig | 1997 | Progress in Organic Coat ings1997，32，14： | 1 |
| 19 | Mooring System Optimization for Floating Wind Turbines Using Frequency Domain Analysis 显示文摘 | Matthias Brommundt Ludwig Krause Karl Merz | 2012 | Energy Procedia2012，24，： | 1 |
| 20 | Waterborne polyurethanes显示文摘 | KARL Ludwig N | 1997 | Progress in Organic Coatings1997，32，14： | 1 |
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