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| 1 | Hepatitis B genotypes: Relation to clinical outcome in patients with chronic hepatitis B in Saudi Arabia显示文摘AIM: To identify the most common hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype in Saudi Arabia, and correlate the prevailing genotypes with the clinical outcome of patients. METHODS: Patients were consecutively recruited from the hepatology clinics of two tertiary care referral cen- ters. Patients were categorized into 4 different groups: group 1, patients with hepatitis B and normal liver en- zymes; group 2, patients with hepatitis B and abnormal liver enzymes but without cirrhosis; group 3, patients with hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis; group 4, patients with hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma. All patients had a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Ge- notyping of HBV was performed by nested PCR-mediated amplification of the target sequence and hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotides. RESULTS: Seventy patients were enrolled in this study. They were predominantly male (72.9%) in their mid- forty’s (mean age 47 years). Forty-nine (70%) patients were hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) negative. The majority of patients (64%) acquired HBV through unknown risk factors. Hepatitis B genotyping revealed that 57 patients (81.4%) were genotype D, 1 patient (1.4%) had genotype A, 1 patient (1.4%) had geno- type C, and 4 patients (5.7%) had genotype E, while 7 patients (10%) had mixed genotype (4 patients ADG, 1 patient DE, 1 patient DF, and 1 patient ADFG). Based on univariate analysis of genotype D patients, significant predictors of advanced liver disease were age, gender, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, albumin,bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase (all P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis decreased hemoglobin (r = -0.05; 95% CI: -0.08 to -0.03; P = 0.001) and albumin levels (r = -0.004; 95% CI: -0.007 to -0.001; P = 0.002) were highly significant predictors of advanced liver disease. In patients with HBV genotype D, HBeAg negativity was found to increase across advancing stages of liver dis- ease (P = 0.024). CONCLUSION: This study highlights that the vast ma- jority of Saudi patients with chronic hepatitis B have genotype D. No correlation could be observed between the different genotypes and epidemiological or clinical factors. The relationship between genotype D and HBeAg status in terms of disease severity needs to be further elucidated in larger longitudinal studies. | Ayman A Abdo Badr M Al-Jarallah Faisal M Sanai Ahmad S Hersi Khalid Al-Swat Nahla A Azzam Manal Al-Dukhayil Amira Al-Maarik Faleh Z Al-Faleh | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，43： | 7 |
| 2 | Hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic study of Gynura procumbens leaf extracts显示文摘Objective:To study the antidiabetic activity of Gynura procumbens(G.procumbens)used in the traditional management of diabetes in Southern Asia.Methods:G.procumbens leaves were extracted sequentially with graded percentage of ethanol in water(95%,75%,50%,25%and 0%),and the extracts were tested for antidiabetic activity using acute(7 h),subcutaneous glucose tolerance test and sub-chronic(14 d)test in non-diabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.The extracts were further subjected to phytochemical studies.Results:In acute dose(1 g/kg),the extracts significantly lowered fasting blood glucose(FBG)in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats(P<0.05).However,the FBG-lowering effect of the 25%extract compared to the other extracts,was rapid(47%after 2 h)and the highest:53%,53%and 60%in the 3rd,5th,and 7th h,respectively(P<0.05),comparable only to the effect of metformin.Furthermore,the extracts suppressed peak FBG in subcutaneous glucose tolerance test,but only the 0%and 25%extracts,and metformin sustained the decrease until the 90th min(P<0.05).Moreover,in the 14 days study,the 25%extract exerted the highest FBG-lowering effect,namely 49.38%and 65.43%on days 7 and 14,respectively(P<0.05),similar to the effect of metformin(46.26%and 65.42%).Total flavanoid and phenolic contents in the extracts were found to decrease with increase in polarity of extraction solvents.The composition of reference compounds(chlorogenic acid,rutin,astragalin and kaempferol-3-O-nrtinoside)followed a similar trend.Conclusions:G.procumbens contains antidiabetic principles,most extracted in 25%ethanol.Interaction among active components appears to determine the antidiabetic efficacy,achieved likely by a metformin-like mechanism. | Khalid Algariri Kuong Y Meng Item J Atangwho Mohd Z Asmawi Amirin Sadikun Vikneswaran Murugaiyah Norhyati Ismail | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2013，3，5： | 4 |
| 3 | 'To-and-fro' waveform in the diagnosis of arterial pseudoaneurysms显示文摘Medical ultrasound imaging with Doppler plays an essential role in the diagnosis of vascular disease. This study intended to review the clinical use of 'to-and-fro' waveform at duplex Doppler ultrasonography(DDU) in the diagnosis of pseudoaneurysms in the arterial vessels of upper and lower extremities, abdominal aorta, carotid and vertebral arteries as well as to review our personal experiences of 'to-and-fro' waveform at DDU also. After receiving institutional review board approval, an inclusive literature review was carried out in order to review the scientific foundation of 'toand-fro' waveform at DDU and its clinical use in the diagnosis of pseudoaneurysms in various arterial vessels. Articles published in the English language between 2000 and 2013 were evaluated in this review study. Pseudoaneurysms in arterial vessels of the upper and lower extremities, abdominal aorta, carotid and vertebral arteries characterized by an extraluminal pattern of blood flow, which shows variable echogenicity, interval complexity, and 'to-and-fro' flow pattern on color Doppler ultrasonography. In these arterial vessels, Duplex ultrasonography can demonstrate the degree of clotting, pseudoaneurysm communication, the blood flow patterns and velocities. Spectral Doppler applied to pseudoaneurysms lumen revealed systolic and diastolic turbulent blood flow with traditional 'toand-fro' waveform in the communicating channel. Accurate diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm by spectral Doppler is based on the documentation of the 'to-andfro' waveform. The size of pseudoaneurysm determines the appropriate treatment approach as surgical or conservative. | Mustafa Z Mahmoud Mohammed Al-Saadi Abdulwahab Abuderman Khalid S Alzimami Mohammed Alkhorayef Babikir Almagli Abdelmoneim Sulieman | 2015 | World Journal of Radiology2015，7，5： | 3 |
| 4 | Elevated plasma fibrinogen and diabetes mellitus are associated with lower inhibition of platelet reactivity with clopidogrel显示文摘 | Ang L Palakodeti V Khalid A Tsimikas S Idrees Z Tran P | 2008 | J Am Coll Cardiol2008，52，： | 1 |
| 5 | Single-center review of fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous nephrostomy performed by uro- logic surgeons 显示文摘 | RANA AM ZAID1 Z EL -KHALID S | 2007 | J Endourol2007，21，： | 1 |
| 6 | Selective separation of mercury(Ⅱ)using a synthetic resin containing amine and mercaptan as chelating groups显示文摘 | Asem A Atia Ahmed M Donia Khalid Z Elwakeel | 2005 | Reactive&Functional Polymers2005，65，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Single-center review of fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous nephrostomy performed by urologic surgeons 显示文摘 | RANA AM ZAIDI Z EL KHALID S | 2007 | J Endourol2007，21，7： | 1 |
| 8 | Estimating volume change of triaxial soil specimens from planar images显示文摘 | KHALID A ALSHIBLI MOHAMMAD Z | 2001 | Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering2001，16，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Single - center review of fluoroscopy - guided percutaneous nephrostomy performed by urologic surgeons 显示文摘 | Rana AM Zaidi Z El - khalid S | 2007 | J Endourol2007，21，7： | 1 |
| 10 | Culture of microalgae using interstitial water extracted from shrimp pond bottom sediments 显示文摘 | Yusoff F M Matias H B Khalid Z A | 2001 | Aquaculture2001，201，： | 1 |
| 11 | Single-center review of fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous nephrostomy performed by urologic surgeons显示文摘 | Rana AM Zaidi Z El khalid S | 2007 | J endourol2007，21，7： | 1 |
| 12 | Evaluation of distant carbon sources in biosurfactant production by a gamma ray-induced Pseudomonasputida mutant显示文摘 | Raza Z A Khan M S Khalid Z M | 2007 | Process Biochemistry2007，42，： | 1 |
| 13 | Noninvasive Cardiac Monitoring for Detecting Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter After Acute Ischemic Stroke A Systematic Review 显示文摘 | Liao J Khalid Z Scallan C | 2007 | Stroke2007，38，11： | 1 |
| 14 | The influence of gamma irradiation on the allergenicity of shrimp ( Penaeus vannamei) 显示文摘 | Li Z X Lin H Cao L M Khalid J | 2007 | Journal of Food Engineering2007，79，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Cloning of a Leishmania Major Gene Encoding for an Antigen with Extensive Homology to Ribosomal Protein S3a 显示文摘 | KHALID Z ELIANE G DENIS S | 1999 | Gene1999，240，： | 1 |
| 16 | Enhanced biodegradation and emulsification of crude oil and hyperproduction of biosurfactants by a gamma ray-induced mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 显示文摘 | Iqbal S Khalid Z M Malik K A | | Letters in Applied Microbiology0，21，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Optimization of fuzzy model using genetic algorithm for process control applica tion显示文摘 | Yusof R Rahman R Z A Khalid M | 2011 | Journal of the Franklin Institute2011，348，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Screning plant growth - promoting rhizobacteria for improving growth and yield of wheat 显示文摘 | Khalid A Arshad M Zahir Z A | 2004 | Journal of Applied Microbiology2004，96，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Full-term Birth Weight and Placental Morphology at High and Low Altitude 显示文摘 | KHALID M E ALI M E ALI K Z | 1997 | Int J Gynaecol Obstet1997，57，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Effects of iso-osmotic saltstress on the activities of antioxidativeenzymes,H+-ATPase and H+-Pase in tomato piants显示文摘 | Shi Q H Zhu Z J Khalid A A | 2004 | Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology2004，30，3： | 1 |
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