| 2 | Praziquantel efficacy against Schistosoma mansoni among HIV-1 infected and uninfected adults living in fishing villages along Lake Victoria, Northwest Tanzania显示文摘Background:Animal studies have demonstrated that functional immune responses,as determined by the levels of CD4+cell counts and anti-schistosome antibodies responses,determine the efficacy of praziquantel.Based on this evidence,it has been hypothesised that the immunodeficiency effects of the human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-1 infection may affect the efficacy of praziquantel in co-infected human hosts.Thus,the present study assessed the efficacy of praziquantel by comparing parasitological cure rates and the reduction in infection intensity in HIV-1 seronegative individuals infected with S.mansoni and HIV-1 seropositive individuals co-infected with S.mansoni,following treatment with a single oral dose of praziquantel.Methods:This was a prospective longitudinal study which included,at baseline,555 S.mansoni infected adults aged 21-55 years,who were either co-infected or not with HIV-1 and who lived in fishing villages along Lake Victoria in Northwest Tanzania.These individuals were treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel(40 mg/kg)and,at 12 weeks,single stool samples were obtained and examined for S.mansoni eggs using the Kato-Katz technique.Finger prick and venous blood samples were collected for HIV-1 screening and CD4+cell quantification.Results:The parasitological cure rate did not differ significantly from the HIV-1 serostatus(P=0.12):among the co-infected individuals,the cure rate was 48.3%(14/29),and among the individuals infected only with S.mansoni,the cure rate was 62.6%(329/526).The egg reduction rate did not vary with the HIV-1 serostatus(P=0.22):77.22%for HIV-1 seronegative and 75%for HIV-1 seropositive individuals.The level of CD4^(+) cell counts(median 228 cells/μL:range 202-380 cells)did not influence the cure rate(P=0.23)or the reduction in the intensity of the infection(P=0.37).Conclusion:The HIV-1 infection per se or its moderate immunodeficiency effects,demonstrated by the range of CD4^(+) cell counts observed in co-infected individuals,did not affect praziquantel efficacy,as measured by the parasitological cure rate and the reduction in intensity of infection in the present study cohort. | Humphrey D Mazigo David W Dunne Safari M Kinung’hi Fred Nuwaha | 2014 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2014，3，1： | 1 |
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