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| 1 | 评估大气细颗粒物暴露引起的全球疾病负担的一个综合风险函数显示文摘[背景]评估由于环境空气中细颗粒物(PM2.5)长期暴露引起的疾病负担,需要了解相对风险度(RR)函数的图形和幅度。然而,在世界上很多观察到高PM2.5环境浓度的地方,都缺乏足够的直接证据确定死亡RR函数的图形。[目的]建立可用于全球PM2.5暴露范围内成人死因的RR函数:缺血性心脏病(IHD)、脑血管疾病(脑卒中)、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)和肺癌(LC)。建立急性下呼吸道感染(ALRI)发病的RR函数,用于估算〈5岁的儿童中死亡率和健康生活损失年数。[方法]通过整合现有的来自于环境空气污染(AAP)、二手烟草烟雾、家用固体烹饪用燃料和主动吸烟(AS)等研究的RR信息,拟合综合暴露-反应(IER)模型。采用颗粒物质的吸入剂量,通过转化AS暴露来估计全年PM2.5的暴露当量。在估算全球环境PM2.5浓度的基础上,得出各国的人群归因分数(PAFs)。[结果]与以往负担评估中使用的其他7种模型相比,IER模型是一种优越的RR预测方法。在不同国家中,归因于AAP暴露的PAF百分数各不相同,分别为:IHD,2~41;脑卒中,1~43;COPD,〈1~21;LC,〈1~25;ALRI,〈1~38。[结论]我们建立了一种以细颗粒物为基础的RR模型,它通过整合来自不同类型的燃烧所产生颗粒物排放的RR信息,涵盖全球范围的暴露。当获得新的RR信息时,可以对这个模型进行更新。 | Richard T.Burnett C.Arden Pope III Majid Ezzati Casey Olives Stephen S.Lim Sumi Mehta Hwashin H.Shin Gitanjali Singh Bryan Hubbell Michael Brauer H.Ross Anderson Kirk R.Smith John R.Balmes Nigel G.Bruce Haidong Kan Francine Laden Annette Prüss-Ustün Michelle C.Turner Susan M.Gapstur W.Ryan Diver Aaron Cohen 何蓉 张伊人 金泰廙 | 2014 | 环境与职业医学2014，31，11： | 80 |
| 2 | Cardiac T2* Magnetic Resonance for Prediction of Cardiac Complications in Thalassemia Major显示文摘 | P Kirk M Roughton J B. Porter J M. Walker M A. Tanner J Patel D Wu J Taylor M A. Westwood L J. Anderson D J. Pennell | 2009 | Circulation2009，，20： | 1 |
| 3 | Perchlorate in milk显示文摘 | Kirk A B Smith E E Anderson T A | | 0，，21： | 1 |
| 4 | Time delay integration and in-pixel spatiotemporal filtering us- ing a nanoscale digital CMOS focal plane readout 显示文摘 | Brian Tyrrell Kirk Anderson Justin Baker | 2009 | IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices2009，56，11： | 1 |
| 5 | The Nature of Teacher Leadership in Schools as Reciprocal Influences Between Teacher Leaders and Principals显示文摘 | Kirk D. Anderson | 2004 | School Effectiveness and School Improvement2004，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | The vesicular layer and carbonate collars of desert soils and pavements: formation, age and relation to climate change显示文摘 | Leslie D McFadden Eric V McDonald Stephen G Wells Kirk Anderson Jay Quade Steven L Forman | 1998 | Geomorphology1998，，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Per- chlorate in milk 显示文摘 | KIRK A B SMITH E E ANDERSON T A | 2003 | Environment Science and Technolo- gy2003，37，49： | 1 |
| 8 | A framework to correlate a/W ratio effects on elastic plastic fracture toughness显示文摘 | Dodds R H Anderson T L Kirk M T | 1991 | International Journal of Fracture1991，48，： | 1 |
| 9 | Structural cha- racterizations of REBaCo2O6-δ phases (RE = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho) 显示文摘 | Anderson P S Kirk C A Knudsen J | 2005 | Solid State Sci2005，7，10： | 1 |
| 10 | The Nature of Teacher Leadership in Schools as Reciprocal Influences Between Teacher Leaders and Principals 显示文摘 | Kirk D Anderson | 2004 | School Effectivness and School Improvement2004，15，1： | 1 |
| 11 | One bio- catalyst-many applications: the use of Candida antarcti- ca B-lipase in organic synthesis 显示文摘 | ANDERSON E M LARSSON K M KIRK O | 1998 | Biocatalysis and Biotransformation1998，16，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Women, s values in contraceptive choice: a systematic review of relevant attributes included in decision aids显示文摘 | Kirk D Wyatt Ryan T Anderson Douglas Creedon | 2014 | BMC Womens Health2014，14，1： | 1 |
| 13 | One biocatalyst-many applications: the use of Candida antarctica B-lipase in organic synthesis显示文摘 | Anderson EM Larsson KM Kirk O | 1998 | Biocat Biotransform1998，16，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Sudden death from toluene abuse 显示文摘 | Kirk L M Anderson R J Martin K | 1984 | Ann Emerg Med1984，13，1： | 1 |
| 15 | 显示文摘 | Berry C Anderson N Kirk AJ | 2001 | Heart2001，86，： | 1 |
| 16 | Renin angiotensin system inhibition is associated with reduced free radical concentrations in arteries of patients with coronary heart disease显示文摘 | Berry C Anderson N Kirk AJ | 2001 | Heart2001，86，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Renin angiotensin system inhibition is associated with reduced free radical concentrations in arteries of patients with coronary heart disease显示文摘 | Berry C Anderson N Kirk A J | 2001 | Heart2001，86，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Synthesisand characterization of La4BaCusO13+δ and La4BaCu5-x,MxO13+δ:M=Fe, Co, Ni, Zn显示文摘 | ANDERSON P S KIRK C A SKAKLE J M S | 2003 | Journal of Solid State Chemistry2003，170，： | 1 |
| 19 | Synthesis and characterization of La4BaCu5O13+δ and La4BaCu5-xMxO13+δ:M=Fe,Co,Ni,Zn显示文摘 | Anderson P S Kirk C A Skakle J M S | 2003 | Journal of Solid State Chemistry2003，170，： | 1 |
| 20 | One biocatalyst many applications: the use of Candida B-lipase inorganic synthesis显示文摘 | ANDERSON E M LAARSSON K M KIRK O | 1998 | Bioeatal Biotransf1998，16，： | 1 |
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