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| 1 | Vitamin D improves inflammatory bowel disease outcomes:Basic science and clinical review显示文摘Vitamin D deficiency is commonly diagnosed among patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Patients with IBD are at risk of low bone density and increased fractures due to low vitamin D levels,long standing disease,and frequent steroid exposures;as a result,it is well established that vitamin D supplementation in this population is important.There is increasing support for the role of vitamin D in strengthening the innate immune system by acting as an immunomodulator and reducing inflammation in experimental and human IBD.The active form of vitamin D,1,25(OH)D3,acts on T cells to promote T helper(Th)2/regulatory T responses over Th1/Th17 responses;suppresses dendritic cell inflammatory activity;induces antibacterial activity;and regulates cytokine production in favor of an antiinflammatory response.Murine and human IBD studies support a therapeutic role of vitamin D in IBD.Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in this population include decreased sunlight exposure,disease duration,smoking,and genetics.Vitamin D normalization is associated with reduced risk of relapse,reduced risk of IBD-related surgeries,and improvement in quality of life.Vitamin D is an inexpensive supplement which has been shown to improve IBD outcomes.However,further research is required to determine optimal serum vitamin D levels which will achieve beneficial immune effects,and stronger evidence is needed to support the role of vitamin D in inducing disease response and remission,as well as maintaining this improvement in patients’disease states. | Krista M Reich Richard N Fedorak Karen Madsen Karen I Kroeker | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，17： | 34 |
| 2 | Systematic review of nutrition screening and assessment in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘BACKGROUND Malnutrition is prevalent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Multiple nutrition screening (NST) and assessment tools (NAT) have been developed for general populations, but the evidence in patients with IBD remains unclear. AIM To systematically review the prevalence of abnormalities on NSTs and NATs, whether NSTs are associated with NATs, and whether they predict clinical outcomes in patients with IBD. METHODS Comprehensive searches performed in Medline, CINAHL Plus and PubMed. Included: English language studies correlating NSTs with NATs or NSTs/NATs with clinical outcomes in IBD. Excluded: Review articles/case studies;use of body mass index/laboratory values as sole NST/NAT;age<16. RESULTS Of 16 studies and 1618 patients were included, 72% Crohn’s disease and 28% ulcerative colitis. Four NSTs (the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Malnutrition Inflammation Risk Tool (MIRT), Saskatchewan Inflammatory Bowel Disease Nutrition Risk Tool (SaskIBD-NRT) and Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) were significantly associated with nutritional assessment measures of sarcopenia and the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Three NSTs (MIRT, NRS-2002 and Nutritional Risk Index) were associated with clinical outcomes including hospitalizations, need for surgery, disease flares, and length of stay (LOS). Sarcopenia was the most commonly evaluated NAT associated with outcomes including the need for surgery and post-operative complications. The SGA was not associated with clinical outcomes aside from LOS. CONCLUSION There is limited evidence correlating NSTs, NATs and clinical outcomes in IBD. Although studies support the association of NSTs/NATs with relevant outcomes, the heterogeneity calls for further studies before an optimal tool can be recommended. The NRS-2002, measures of sarcopenia and developments of novel NSTs/NATs, such as the MIRT, represent key, clinically-relevant areas for future exploration. | Suqing Li Michael Ney Tannaz Eslamparast Ben Vandermeer Kathleen P Ismond Karen Kroeker Brendan Halloran Maitreyi Raman Puneeta Tandon | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，28： | 9 |
| 3 | Dietary and metabolomic determinants of relapse in ulcerative colitis patients: A pilot prospective cohort study显示文摘AIM To identify demographic, clinical, metabolomic, and lifestyle related predictors of relapse in adult ulcerative colitis(UC) patients.METHODS In this prospective pilot study, UC patients in clinical remission were recruited and followed-up at 12 mo to assess a clinical relapse, or not. At baseline information on demographic and clinical parameters was collected. Serum and urine samples were collected for analysis of metabolomic assays using a combined direct infusion/liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resolution spectroscopy. Stool samples were also collected to measure fecal calprotectin(FCP). Dietary assessment was performed using a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Twenty patients were included(mean age: 42.7 ± 14.8 years, females: 55%). Seven patients(35%) experienced a clinical relapse during the follow-up period. While 6 patients(66.7%) with normal body weight developed a clinical relapse, 1 UC patient(9.1%) who was overweight/obese relapsed during the follow-up(P = 0.02). At baseline, poultry intake was significantly higher in patients who were still in remission during follow-up(0.9 oz vs 0.2 oz, P = 0.002). Five patients(71.4%) with FCP > 150 μg/g and 2 patients(15.4%) with normal FCP(≤ 150 μg/g) at baseline relapsed during the follow-up(P = 0.02). Interestingly, baseline urinary and serum metabolomic profiling of UC patients with or without clinical relapse within 12 mo showed a significant difference. The most important metabolites that were responsible for this discrimination were trans-aconitate, cystine and acetamide in urine, and 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate and acetone in serum. CONCLUSION A combination of baseline dietary intake, fecal calprotectin, and metabolomic factors are associated with risk of UC clinical relapse within 12 mo. | Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshtel iFloris F van den Brand Karen L Madsen Rupasri Mandal Rosica ValchevaKaren I Kroeker Beomsoo Han Rhonda C Bell Janis Cole Thomas Hoevers David S Wishart Richard N Fedorak Levinus A Dieleman | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，21： | 9 |
| 4 | Biphasic CT with mesenteric CT angiography in the evaluation of acute mesenteric ischemia: initial experience 显示文摘 | Kirkpatrick ID Kroeker MA Greenberg HM | 2003 | Radiology2003，229，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Effect of β-lacto globulin variant and environmental factors on variation in the detailed composition of bovine milk serum proteins 显示文摘 | KROEKER E M NG-KWAI-HANG K F HAYES J F | 2004 | Dairy Sci2004，68，： | 1 |
| 6 | ^ 23Na Chemical shifts and local structure in crystalline, glassy, and molten sodium borates and germinates 显示文摘 | Stebbins J F Zhao P Kroeker S | 2000 | Solid State Nucl Magn Reson2000，10，： | 1 |
| 7 | Biphasic CT with mensenteric CT angiography in the evaluation of acute menserteric ischem ia : initial experience 显示文摘 | Kirkpatrick ID Kroeker MA Greenberg HM | 2003 | Radiology2003，229，： | 1 |
| 8 | Biphasic CT with mesenteric CT angiography in the evaluation of acute mesenteric ischemia:initial experience显示文摘 | Kroeker MA Greenberg HM | 2003 | Radiology2003，229，： | 1 |
| 9 | Compression of interventricular septum during right ventricular pressure loading显示文摘 | Nelson GS Sayed-Ahmed EY Kroeker CA | 2001 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol2001，280，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Component Technology 显示文摘 | Kroeker K | 1998 | IEEE Computer1998，，31： | 1 |
| 11 | Coupling between the spinal cord and cervical vertebral column under tensile loading显示文摘 | Shannon G Kroeker Randal P Ching | 2013 | Journal of Biomechanics2013，46，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Biphasic CT with mesenteric CT angiography in the evaluation of acute mesenteric ischemia:initial ex-perience显示文摘 | Kirkpatrick ID Kroeker MA Greenberg HM | 2003 | Radiology2003，229，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Biphasic CT with mesenteric CT angiography in the evaluation of acute mesenteric ischemia:initial experience显示文摘 | Kirkpaprick ID Kroeker MA Greenberg HM | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 14 | Biphasic CT with mesenteric CT angiography in the evaluation of acute mesenteric ischemia:initial experience显示文摘 | Kirkpoprik D Kroeker MA Greenberg HM | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Biphasic CT with mesenteric CT angiography in the evaluation of acute mesenteric ischemia:initial experience显示文摘 | Kirkpatrick ID Kroeker M Greenberg HM | 2003 | Radiology2003，229，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Component technology 显示文摘 | KROEKER K | 1998 | IEEE Computer1998，，31： | 1 |
| 17 | Anaerobic treatment process stability 显示文摘 | Kroeker E J Schulte D D Sparling A B | 1979 | Journal Water Pollution Control Federation1979，51，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Biphasic CT with mesenteric CT angiography in the evaluation of acute mesenteric ischemia:initial experience显示文摘 | Kirkpatrick I D Kroeker M A Greenberg H M | | 0，，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Systems biology unravels interferon responses to respiratory virus infections显示文摘Interferon production is an important defence against viral replication and its activation is an attractive therapeutic target. However, it has long been known that viruses perpetually evolve a multitude of strategies to evade these host immune responses. In recent years there has been an explosion of information on virusinduced alterations of the host immune response that have resulted from data-rich omics technologies. Unravelling how these systems interact and determining the overall outcome of the host response to viral infection will play an important role in future treatment and vaccine development. In this review we focus primarily on the interferon pathway and its regulation as well as mechanisms by which respiratory RNA viruses interfere with its signalling capacity. | Andrea L Kroeker Kevin M Coombs | 2014 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2014，5，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Biphasic CT with mesenteric CT angiography in the evaluation of acute mesenteric ischemia: initial experience 显示文摘 | Kirkpaprik D Kroeker MA Greenberg HM | 2003 | Radiology2003，229，1： | 1 |
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