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| 1 | Transportation characteristics of δ^(13)C in the plants-soil-bedrock-cave system in Chongqing karst area显示文摘Here we use an analytical method to determine δ13C in local plants and organic matter in the soils above Furong cave,Chongqing,China.We also monitored δ13C in dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC) of drip water,δ13C of active deposits under the drip waters,and the concentration of air CO2(PCO2).Based on these,we preliminarily studied the transportation characteristics of stable carbon isotope(13C) in cave system of the subtropical karst area.The average δ13C value of 27 local plant samples,which belong to 16 families,was -32‰ and the weighted δ13C for surface dry biomass was -33‰.We found that for 54 soil samples collected from 5 soil profiles,δ13C of soil organic matters was -22‰,which could be attributed to the different transportation rates of stable carbon isotopes during the decomposition of plants and organic matters in soils.The relatively lighter 12C tended to transfer into gaseous CO2,which made the relatively heavier 13C concentrated in the soils.On the basis of monitoring of DIC-δ13C in drip waters from July 2009 to June 2010,we found that values in winter months were heavier and values in summer months were lighter in general,the reason of which was that in summer months,both the temperature and the humidity were comparatively higher,resulted in more CO2 with lighter δ13C generated from organic matters decomposition and plants respiration.The average DIC -δ13C value was -11‰,about 11‰ heavier than the δ13C of organic matters in soils,which proved that part of DIC in cave drip water was sourced from dissolution of inorganic carbonate(host rock,with heavier δ13C).As for the δ13C of active deposits at five drip water sites in Furong cave,they had almost the same variation with relatively light values.In other words,these active speleothems were deposited at equilibrium conditions for isotopic fractionation.These results suggest that the carbon isotopic information of speleothems could be used to track the evolution of local vegetation in certain situations. | Li TingYong Li HongChun Xiang XiaoJing Kuo Tz-Shing Li JunYun Zhou FuLi Chen HongLi Peng LingLi | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，4： | 18 |
| 2 | Characteristics and environmental significance of Ca, Mg, and Sr in the soil infiltrating water overlying the Furong Cave,Chongqing, China显示文摘This paper explores the influence of the local meteoric conditions,the overlying soil on the concentrations of Ca,Mg,and Sr,and the ratios of Mg/Ca,Sr/Ca,and Mg/Sr in soil infiltrating water(SIW).An in situ monitoring program was carried out above the Furong Cave throughout 2010 to collect data on SIW,monthly temperature and rainfall,and the geochemical composition and granularity of soils.The discharge of SIW responded quickly to the local rainfall,and its residence time was the primary factor affecting the Ca,Mg,and Sr content of the SIW.The high concentrations of Ca,Mg,and Sr in the SIW during April should be attributed primarily to the prolonged residence of SIW in the soil during the local dry seasons of winter and early spring.The maximum Mg/Sr ratio also occurred in April.The ratio of Mg/Ca in SIW is positively correlated with prolonged residence time and with high temperatures,which do not strongly affect the ratio of Sr/Ca.The Mg/Ca ratio was lowest when the Sr/Ca ratio was highest because plant metabolism increased the absorption of Ca and Mg,but not Sr,and also because higher temperatures enhanced the dissolution of Mg more than that of Sr.These different responses of Mg and Sr to temperature increases resulted in high Mg/Sr ratios during July and August. | LI JunYun LI TingYong WANG JianLi XIANG XiaoJing CHEN YunXuan LI Xuan | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，12： | 6 |
| 3 | The diversity effect of inductive reasoning under segment manipulation of complex cognition显示文摘The present study proposed the idea of segment manipulation of complex cognition (SMCC), and technically made it possible the quantitative treatment and systematical manipula-tion on the premise diversity. The segment manipulation of complex cognition divides the previ-ous inductive strengths judgment task into three distinct steps, attempting to particularly distin-guish the psychological processes and their rules. The results in Experiment 1 showed that compared with the traditional method, the quantitative treatment and systematical manipulation of SMCC on the diversity did not change the task’s nature, and remain rational and a good measurement of inductive strength judgment. The results in Experiment 2 showed that the par-ticipants’ response rules in the triple-step task were expected from our proposal, and that in Step 2 the “feeling of surprise” (FOS), which seems implausible but predicted from the diversity premises, was measured, and its component might be the critical part that produced the diversity effect. The “feeling of surprise” may reflect the impact of emotion on cognition, representing a strong revision to premise probability principle of pure rational hypothesis proposed by Lo et al., and its roles in the diversity effect are worthy of further research. In this regards were discussed the mistakes that the premise probability principle makes when it takes posterity probability as prior probability. | CHEN Antao LI Hong FENG Tingyong GAO Xuemei ZHANG Zhongming LI Fuhong YANG Dong | 2005 | Science China(Life Sciences)2005，48，6： | 5 |
| 4 | Temporal features of the degree effect in self-relevance: Neural correlates显示文摘 | Jie Chen Jiajin Yuan Tingyong Feng Antao Chen Benbo Gu Hong Li | 2011 | Biological Psychology2011，，2： | 1 |
| 5 | The relati onship between smoke concentration some distance down the hallway and the opening of the room of fire origin显示文摘 | Fang Tingyong Yang Li zhong Huang Rui Feng Wenxing Zhai Guanglong Fan Weicheng | 2003 | Journal of Fire Sciences2003，21，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Human activity and climate change triggered the expansion of rocky desertification in the karst areas of Southwestern China显示文摘It is conducive to the sustainable development of human beings in karst regions to research the mechanism of karst rocky desertification(KRD)expansion.Whether the large-scale KRD in southwestern China is caused by climate change or human activities is still controversial.In this study,the evolution of the KRD in southwestern China over the past 2000 years was reconstructed through the high-precisionδ^(13)C record of stalagmites from Shijiangjun(SJJ)Cave,Guizhou Province,China.Theδ^(13)C of the stalagmites from SJJ Cave exhibited heavy values from the Medieval Warm Period(MWP)to the Little Ice Age(LIA).Furthermore,theδ^(13)C records of other stalagmites and tufa from southwestern China also showed the same significant heavy trend.Because the stalagmiteδ^(13)C could record the change of ecological environment,it indicated that the consistent change of the stalagmitesδ^(13)C may record the process of KRD expansion in the karst regions of southwestern China.During the MWP,the stronger Asian summer monsoon and the northward movement of the rain belt led to a dry period in southwestern China and a wet period in northern China.In contrast,it was wet in southwestern China and dry in northern China during the LIA.In addition,after the Jing-Kang event(JK event,AD1127)occurred at the end of the Northern Song dynasty,the political and economic center of China migrated to southern China for the first time,which changed the population distribution pattern of larger population in the north and smaller population in the south.Therefore,the expansion of KRD in southwestern China was exacerbated in the MWP due to the change of climate in southwestern China,the migration of a large number of people,wars,the large-scale reclamation of arable land,and the cultivation of large areas of crops. | Chaojun CHEN Daoxian YUAN Hai CHENG Tsailuen YU Chuanchou SHEN RLawrence EDWARDS Yao WU Siya XIAO Jian ZHANG Tao WANG Ran HUANG Ziqi LIU Tingyong LI Junyun LI | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，10： | 1 |
| 7 | Oxygen and carbon isotopic systematics of aragonite speleothems and water in Furong Cave,Chongqing,China显示文摘 | Li Tingyong Shen Chuanchou Li Hong-Chun | 2011 | Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta2011，75，15： | 1 |
| 8 | Effects of Different Ceilings in a Burning Compartment on Smoke Hazard with Single Heat Action Analysis Added显示文摘One quarter scale experiment device of a typical L-shape architecture structure including a burning room and an adjacent hallway is established to carry out the research.The smoke characteristics at the sampling points below the ceiling of the burning compartment and the roof of the hallway are studied systematically to find out the effects of different ceilings on the local fire origin compartment and the smoke transportation to a remote area.A series of tests is reported and the smoke residence time,the concentration peak and the concentration build up rate are investigated as functions of the type of the ceiling.The smoke residence time,the most important factor concerning smoke toxicity,is described by a novel concept,wavelength,in this study.Furthermore,it is worth emphasizing that the PVC ceiling exhibits a phenomenon of frequent collapse during the fire developing period.The single heat action is conducted to judge the smoke and the heat effect on the fire risk. | Fang Tingyong Mao Jun Lu Ping Li Yun | 2008 | Engineering Sciences2008，6，1： | 0 |
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