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| 1 | Comparison of the diagnostic yield and outcomes between standard 8 h capsule endoscopy and the new 12 h capsule endoscopy for investigating small bowel pathology显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the completion rate and diagnostic yield of the Pill Cam SB2-ex in comparison to the Pill Cam SB2.METHODS:Two hundred cases using the 8-h Pill Cam SB2 were retrospectively compared to 200 cases using the 12 h Pill Cam SB2-ex at a tertiary academic center.Endoscopically placed capsules were excluded from the study.Demographic information,indications for capsule endoscopy,capsule type,study length,completion of exam,clinically significant findings,timestamp of most distant finding,and significant findings beyond 8 h were recorded.RESULTS:The 8 and 12 h capsule groups were well matched respectively for both age(70.90±14.19vs 71.93±13.80,P=0.46)and gender(45.5%vs48%male,P=0.69).The most common indications for the procedure in both groups were anemia and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.Pill Cam SB2-ex had a significantly higher completion rate than Pill Cam SB2(88%vs 79.5%,P=0.03).Overall,the diagnostic yield was greater for the 8 h capsule(48.5%for SB2vs 35%for SB2-ex,P=0.01).In 4/70(5.7%)of abnormal SB2-ex exams the clinically significant findingwas noted in the small bowel beyond the 8 h mark.CONCLUSION:In our study,we found the Pill Cam SB2-ex to have a significantly increased completion rate,though without any improvement in diagnostic yield compared to the Pill Cam SB2. | Merajur Rahman Stuart Akerman Bethany De Vito Larry Miller Meredith Akerman Keith Sultan | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，18： | 12 |
| 2 | Probiotic supplementation decreases intestinal transit time: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials显示文摘AIM: To determine the efficacy of probiotic supplementation on intestinal transit time (ITT) and to identify factors that influence these outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotic supplementation that measured ITT in adults was conducted by searching MEDLINE and EMBASE using relevant combinations. Main search limits included RCTs of probiotic supplementation in healthy or constipated adults that measured ITT. Study quality was assessed using the Jadad scale. A random effects meta-analysis was performed with standardized mean difference (SMD) of ITT between probiotic and control groups as the primary outcome. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the impact of moderator variables on ITT SMD. RESULTS: A total of 11 clinical trials with 13 treatment effects representing 464 subjects were included in this analysis. Probiotic supplementation was associated with decreased ITT in relation to controls, with an SMD of 0.40 (95%CI: 0.20-0.59, P < 0.001). Constipation (r 2 = 39%, P = 0.01), higher mean age (r 2 = 27%, P = 0.03), and higher percentage of female subjects (r 2 = 23%, P < 0.05) were predictive of decreased ITT with probiotics in meta-regression. Subgroup analyses demonstrated statistically greater reductions in ITT with probiotics in subjects with vs without constipation and in older vs younger subjects [both SMD: 0.59 (95%CI: 0.39-0.79) vs 0.17 (95%CI: -0.08-0.42), P = 0.01]. Medium to large treatment effects were identified with Bifidobacterium Lactis (B. lactis ) HN019 (SMD: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.27-1.18, P < 0.01) and B. lactis DN-173 010 (SMD: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.15-0.94, P < 0.01) while other single strains and combination products yielded small treatment effects. CONCLUSION: Overall, short-term probiotic supplementation decreases ITT with consistently greater treatment effects identified in constipated or older adults and with certain probiotic strains. | Larry E Miller Arthur C Ouwehand | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，29： | 9 |
| 3 | Circular smooth muscle contributes to esophageal shortening during peristalsis显示文摘AIM:To study the angle between the circular smooth muscle(CSM) and longitudinal smooth muscle(LSM) fibers in the distal esophagus.METHODS:In order to identify possible mechanisms for greater shortening in the distal compared to proximal esophagus during peristalsis,the angles between the LSM and CSM layers were measured in 9 cadavers.The outer longitudinal layer of the muscularis propria was exposed after stripping the outer serosa.The inner circular layer of the muscularis propria was then revealed after dissection of the esophageal mucosa and the underlying muscularis mucosa.Photographs of each specimen were taken with half of the open esophagus folded back showing both the outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle layers.Angles were measured every one cm for 10 cm proximal to the squamocolumnar junction(SCJ) by two independent investigators.Two human esophagi were obtained from organ transplant donors and the angles between the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers were measured using micro-computed tomography(micro CT) and Image J software.RESULTS:All data are presented as mean ± SE.The CSM to LSM angle at the SCJ and 1 cm proximal to SCJ on the autopsy specimens was 69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 74.9 ± 3.09 degrees,P = 0.32.The CSM to LSM angle at SCJ were statistically significantly lower than at 2,3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 82.58 ± 1.34 degrees,84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P = 0.013,P = 0.008,P = 0.004,P = 0.009 respectively.The CSM to LSM angle at SCJ was also statistically significantly lower than the angles at 6,7 and 8 cm proximal to the SCJ,69.3 ± 4.62 degrees vs 80.18 ± 2.09 degrees,81.81 ± 1.75 degrees and 80.96 ± 2.04 degrees,P = 0.05,P = 0.02,P = 0.03 respectively.The CSM to LSM angle at 1 cm proximal to SCJ was statistically significantly lower than at 3,4 and 5 cm proximal to the SCJ,74.94 ± 3.09 degrees vs 84.04 ± 1.64 degrees,84.87 ± 1.04 degrees and 83.72 ± 1.42 degrees,P = 0.019,P = 0.008,P = 0.02 respectively.At 10 cm above SCJ the angle was 80.06 ± 2.13 degrees which is close to being perpendicular but less than 90 degrees.The CSM to LSM angles measured on virtual dissection of the esophagus and the stomach on micro CT at the SCJ and 1 cm proximal to the SCJ were 48.39 ± 0.72 degrees and 50.81 ± 1.59 degrees.Rather than the angle of the CSM and LSM being perpendicular in the esophagus we found an acute angulation between these two muscle groups throughout the lower 10 cm of the esophagus.CONCLUSION:The oblique angulation of the CSM may contribute to the significantly greater shortening of distal esophagus when compared to the mid and proximal esophagus during peristalsis. | Anil K Vegesna Keng-Yu Chuang Ramashesai Besetty Steven J Phillips Alan S Braverman Mary F Barbe Michael R Ruggieri Larry S Miller | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 7 |
| 4 | Function of longitudinal vs circular muscle fibers in esophageal peristalsis, deduced with mathematical modeling显示文摘We summarize from previous works the functions of circular vs. longitudinal muscle in esophageal peristaltic bolus transport using a mix of experimental data, the conservation laws of mechanics and mathematical modeling. Whereas circular muscle tone generates radial closure pressure to create a local peristaltic closure wave, longitudinal muscle tone has two functions, one physiological with mechanical implications, and one purely mechanical. Each of these functions independently reduces the tension of individual circular muscle fibers to maintain closure as a consequence of shortening of longitudinal muscle locally coordinated with increasing circular muscle tone. The physiological function is deduced by combining basic laws of mechanics with concurrent measurements of intraluminal pressure from manometry, and changes in cross sectional muscle area from endoluminal ultrasound from which local longitudinal shortening (LLS) can be accurately obtained. The purely mechanical function of LLS was discovered from mathematical modeling of peristaltic esophageal transport with the axial wall motion generated by LLS. Physiologically, LLS concentrates circular muscle fibers where closure pressure is highest. However, the mechanical function of LLS is to reduce the level of pressure required to maintain closure. The combined physiological and mechanical consequences of LLS are to reduce circular muscle fiber tension and power by as much as 1/10 what would be requiredfor peristalsis without the longitudinal muscle layer, a tremendous benefit that may explain the existence of longitudinal muscle fiber in the gut. We also review what is understood of the role of longitudinal muscle in esophageal emptying, reflux and pathology. | James G Brasseur Mark A Nicosia Anupam Pal Larry S Miller | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，9： | 4 |
| 5 | Ileocecal valve dysfunction in small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: A pilot study显示文摘AIM: To explore whether patients with a defective ileocecal valve (ICV)/cecal distension reflex have small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. METHODS: Using a colonoscope, under conscious sedation, the ICV was intubated and the colonoscope was placed within the terminal ileum (TI). A manometry catheter with 4 pressure channels, spaced 1 cm apart, was passed through the biopsy channel of the colonoscope into the TI. The colonoscope was slowly withdrawn from the TI while the manometry catheter was advanced. The catheter was placed across the ICV so that at least one pressure port was within the TI, ICV and the cecum respectively. Pressures were continuously measured during air insufflation into the cecum, under direct endoscopic visualization, in 19 volunteers. Air was insufflated to a maximum of 40 mmHg to prevent barotrauma. All subjects underwent lactulose breath testing one month after the colonoscopy. The results of the breath tests were compared with the results of the pressures within the ICV during air insufflation. RESULTS: Nineteen subjects underwent colonoscopy with measurements of the ICV pressures after intubation of the ICV with a colonoscope. Initial baseline readings showed no statistical difference in the pressures of the TI and ICV, between subjects with positive lactulose breath tests and normal lactulose breath tests. The average peak ICV pressure during air insufflation into the cecum in subjects with normal lactu-lose breath tests was significantly higher than cecal pressures during air insufflation (49.33 ± 7.99 mmHg vs 16.40 ± 2.14 mmHg, P = 0.0011). The average percentage difference of the area under the pressure curve of the ICV from the cecum during air insufflations in subjects with normal lactulose breath tests was significantly higher (280.72% ± 43.29% vs 100% ± 0%, P = 0.0006). The average peak ICV pressure during air insufflation into the cecum in subjects with positive lactulose breath tests was not significantly different than cecal pressures during air insufflation 21.23 ± 3.52 mmHg vs 16.10 ± 3.39 mmHg. The average percentage difference of the area under the pressure curve of the ICV from the cecum during air insufflation was not significantly different 101.08% ± 7.96% vs 100% ± 0%. The total symptom score for subjects with normal lactulose breath tests and subjects with positive lactu-lose breath tests was not statistically different (13.30 ± 4.09 vs 24.14 ± 6.58). The ICV peak pressures during air insufflations were significantly higher in subjects with normal lactulose breath tests than in subjects with positive lactulose breath tests (P = 0.005). The average percent difference of the area under the pressure curve in the ICV from cecum was significantly higher in subjects with normal lactulose breath tests than in subjects with positive lactulose breath tests (P = 0.0012). Individuals with positive lactulose breath tests demonstrated symptom scores which were significantly higher for the following symptoms: not able to finish normal sized meal, feeling excessively full after meals, loss of appetite and bloating. CONCLUSION: Compared to normal, subjects with a positive lactulose breath test have a defective ICV cecal distension reflex. These subjects also more commonly have higher symptom scores. | Larry S Miller Anil K Vegesna Aiswerya Madanam Sampath Shital Prabhu Sesha Krishna Kotapati Kian Makipour | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，46： | 3 |
| 6 | Contemporary meta-analysis of short-term probiotic consumption on gastrointestinal transit显示文摘AIM: To determine the efficacy of probiotic supplementation on intestinal transit time(ITT) in adults and to identify factors that influence these outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of probiotic supplementation that measured ITT in adults. Study quality was assessed using the Jadad scale. A random effects meta-analysis was performed with standardized mean difference(SMD) of ITT between probiotic and control groups as the primary outcome. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses examined the impact of moderator variables on SMD of ITT.RESULTS: A total of 15 clinical trials with 17 treatment effects representing 675 subjects were included in this analysis. Probiotic supplementation was moderately efficacious in decreasing ITT compared to control, with an SMD of 0.38(95%CI: 0.23-0.53, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses demonstrated statistically greater reductions in ITT with probiotics in subjects with vs without constipation(SMD: 0.57 vs 0.22, P < 0.01) and in studies with high vs low study quality(SMD: 0.45 vs 0.00, P = 0.01). Constipation(R^2 = 38%, P < 0.01), higher study quality(R^2 = 31%, P = 0.01), older age(R^2 = 27%, P = 0.02), higher percentage of female subjects(R^2 = 26%, P = 0.02), and fewer probiotic strains(R^2 = 20%, P < 0.05) were predictive of decreased ITT with probiotics in meta-regression. Medium to large treatment effects were identified with B. lactis HN019(SMD: 0.67, P < 0.001) and B. lactis DN-173 010(SMD: 0.54, P < 0.01) while other probiotic strains yielded negligible reductions in ITT relative to control.CONCLUSION: Probiotic supplementation is moderately efficacious for reducing ITT in adults. Probiotics were most efficacious in constipated subjects, when evaluated in high-quality studies, and with certain probiotic strains. | Larry E Miller Angela K Zimmermann Arthur C Ouwehand | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，21： | 2 |
| 7 | Development and experimental validation of a nickel–titanium shape memory alloy self-centering buckling-restrained brace显示文摘 | David J. Miller Larry A. Fahnestock Matthew R. Eatherton | 2012 | Engineering Structures2012，，： | 2 |
| 8 | NUTRIOSE1^®膳食纤维补充剂对男性超重者的体重,体成分,能量摄入量和饥饿感的影响显示文摘目的评估NUTRIOSE水溶性膳食纤维对中国成年男性超重者的体重、体成分、能量摄入量和饥饿感的影响。方法在双盲条件下,将受试者随机分成两组,分别摄入含17gNUTRIOSE锄水溶性膳食纤维(实验组,n=60)和含17g麦芽糊精(对照组,n=60)的果汁250ml,每天2次,为期12周。在试验的第0周,第4周,第8周和第12周测量受试者的体重和体成分,每3天评估1次受试者的日均能量摄入量和饥饿感。结果12周后,实验组受试者平均体重较对照组轻1.5kg(P〈0.001),体质指数平均减少0.5kg/m^2(P〈0.001),身体脂肪率平均降低了0.3%(P〈0.001)。且在试验开始的第3天,NUTRIOSE水溶性膳食纤维组的日均能量摄入量就低于对照组(12周平均日能量摄入量,实验组较对照组低3079kJ/天,P〈0.001)。试验过程中,实验组受试者的饥饿感比对照组受试者的饥饿感小(P〈0.001)。结论NUTRIOSE膳食纤维补充剂有助于男性超重者改善体成分,降低体重和日均能量摄人量,减少饥饿感。 | LAETITIA GUERIN-DEREMAUX 厉曙光 MARINE POCHAT DANIEL WILS 袁琨 MOHAMED MUBASHER CHERYL REIFER LARRY E. MILLER | 2013 | 中华疾病控制杂志2013，17，4： | 2 |
| 9 | A Retrospective Review of Enteroclysis in Patients with Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Chronic Abdominal Pain of Undetermined Etiology显示文摘 | Aslam Malik MD Kathleen Lukaszewski MD Dina Caroline MD Henry Parkman MD Joshua DeSipio MD Felice Banson MD Khalid Bazir MD Lakshmi Reddy MD Radhika Srinivasan MD Robert Fisher MD Larry Miller MD | 2005 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2005，，4： | 1 |
| 10 | 2004 Nomenclature for the chicken major histocompatibility ( B and Y ) complex显示文摘 | Marcia M. Miller Larry D. Bacon Karel Hala Henry D. Hunt Sandra J. Ewald Jim Kaufman Rima Zoorob W. Elwood Briles | 2004 | Immunogenetics2004，，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Evaluation of neuromuscular electronic stimulation on dysphagia显示文摘 | Larry Barnes Megan Miller Neal S | 2008 | J Clin Eng2008，3，20： | 1 |
| 12 | Risk of esophageal variceal bleeding based on endoscopic ultrasound evaluation of the sum of esophageal variceal cross-sectional surface area显示文摘 | Larry Miller Felice L Banson Khalid Bazir Anapurna Korimilli J.i-Bin Liu Richa Dewan Michael Wolfson Kashyap V Panganamamula Jose Carrasquillo Jonathan Schwartz Albert E Chaker Martin Black | 2003 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2003，，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Pneumomediastinum: etiology and a guide to diagnosis and treatment显示文摘 | Farzaneh Banki Anthony L. Estrera Ryan G. Harrison Charles C. Miller Samuel S. Leake Kyle G. Mitchell Kamal Khalil Hazim J. Safi Larry R. Kaiser | 2013 | The American Journal of Surgery2013，，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Calculation of esophageal variceal wall tension by direct sonographic and manometric measurements显示文摘 | F.Wilson Jackson Alyn L. Adrain Martin Black Larry S. Miller | 1999 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy1999，，2： | 1 |
| 15 | High-resolution endoluminal sonography assessment of the hematocystic spots of esophageal varices显示文摘 | Thomas D. Schiano Alyn L. Adrain Kenneth J. Vega Ji-Bin Liu Martin Black Larry S. Miller | 1999 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy1999，，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Dose-response effect of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 on whole gut transit time and functional gastrointestinal symptoms in adults显示文摘 | Philip A Waller Pramod K. Gopal Gregory J Leyer Arthur C. Ouwehand Cheryl Reifer Morgan E. Stewart Larry E. Miller | 2011 | Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology2011，，9： | 1 |
| 17 | AxiaLiF sys-tem:minimally invasive device for presacral lumbar inter-body spinal fusion显示文摘 | Steven M Rapp Larry E Miller Jon E Block | 2011 | Med Devices(Auckl)2011，4，： | 1 |
| 18 | Percutaneous pedicle screw reduction and axial presaeral lumbar inter-body fusion for treatment of lumbosacral spondylolisthesis:A case series 显示文摘 | Gabriel C Tender Larry E Miller Jon E Block | 2011 | Journal of Medical Case Reports2011，5，： | 1 |
| 19 | Development and experimental validation of a nickel–titanium shape memory alloy self-centering buckling-restrained brace显示文摘 | David J. Miller Larry A. Fahnestock Matthew R. Eatherton | 2012 | Engineering Structures2012，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Metabo- lites toxic to spruce budworm from balsam fir needle endopgytes 显示文摘 | Larry A Calhoun John A Findlay Miller J David | 1992 | Mycological Research1992，96，4： | 1 |
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