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| 1 | Systematic review and meta-analysis of Saccharomyces boulardii in adult patients显示文摘This article reviews the evidence for efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii(S.boulardii) for various disease indications in adults based on the peerreviewed,randomized clinical trials and pre-clinical studies from the published medical literature(Medline,Clinical Trial websites and meeting abstracts) between 1976 and 2009.For meta-analysis,only randomized,blinded controlled trials unrestricted by language were included.Pre-clinical studies,volunteer studies and uncontrolled studies were excluded from the review of efficacy and meta-analysis,but included in the systematic review.Of 31 randomized,placebo-controlled treatment arms in 27 trials(encompassing 5029 study patients),S.boulardii was found to be significantly efficacious and safe in 84% of those treatment arms.A meta-analysis found a significant therapeutic efficacy for S.boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea(AAD)(RR = 0.47,95% CI:0.35-0.63,P < 0.001).In adults,S.boulardii can be strongly recommended for the prevention of AAD and the traveler's diarrhea.Randomized trials also support the use of this yeast probiotic for prevention of enteral nutrition-related diarrhea and reduction of Heliobacter pylori treatment-related symptoms.S.boulardii shows promise for the prevention of C.difficile disease recurrences;treatment of irritable bowel syndrome,acute adult diarrhea,Crohn's disease,giardiasis,human immunodeficiency virus-related diarrhea;but more supporting evidence is recommended for these indications.The use of S.boulardii as a therapeutic probiotic is evidence-based for both efficacy and safety for several types of diarrhea. | Lynne V McFarland | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，18： | 63 |
| 2 | Meta-analysis of probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic condition affecting 3%-25% of the general population. As no curative treatment is available, therapy is aimed at reducing symptoms, often with little success. Because alteration of the normal intestinal microflora has been observed in IBS, probiotics (beneficial microbes taken to improve health) may be useful in reducing symptoms. This paper systematically reviews randomized, controlled, blinded trials of probiotics for the treatment of IBS and synthesizes data on efficacy across trials of adequate quality. PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, NIH registry of clinical trials, metaRegister, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from 1982-2007. We also conducted secondary searches of reference lists, reviews, commentaries, relevant articles on associated diseases, books and meeting abstracts. Twenty trials with 23 probiotic treatment arms and a total of 1404 subjects met inclusion criteria. Probiotic use was associated with improvement in global IBS symptoms compared to placebo [pooled relative risk (RRpooled) 0.77, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.62-0.94]. Probiotics were also associated with less abdominal pain compared to placebo [RRpooled = 0.78 (0.69-0.88)]. Too few studies reported data on other IBS symptoms or on specific probiotic strains to allowestimation of a pooled RR. While our analyses suggest that probiotic use may be associated with improvement in IBS symptoms compared to placebo, these results should be interpreted with caution, given the methodological limitations of contributing studies. Probiotics warrant further study as a potential therapy for IBS. | Lynne V McFarland Sascha Dublin | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 27 |
| 3 | Editorial statement显示文摘In the following eight articles we have provided an overview of the current research and epidemiology of two leading chronic gastrointestinal conditions that affect populations across the globe. The challenges of accurately diagnosing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are covered and the pathophysiology of constipation is thoroughly explored. | Lynne V McFarland | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 12 |
| 4 | Preventing pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile infections with probiotics: A metaanalysis显示文摘AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of probiotics for preventing pediatric:(1) antibiotic associated diarrhea and(2) Clostridium difficile(C. difficile) infections.METHODS: On June 3, 2013, we searched Pub Med(1960-2013), EMBASE(1974-2013), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(1990-2013), CINAHL(1981-2013), AMED(1985-2013), and ISI Web of Science(2000-2013). Additionally, we conducted an extensive grey literature search including contact with National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials Registry, abstracts from annual infectious disease and gastroenterology meetings, experts in the field and correspondence with authors. The primary outcomes were the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea(AAD) and C. difficile infections(CDI). Dichotomous outcomes(e.g., incidence of AAD or CDI) were pooled using a random-effects model to calculate the relative risk and corresponding 95% confidence interval(95%CI) and weighted on study quality. To explore possible explanations for heterogeneity, a priori subgroup analysis were conducted on probiotic strain type, daily dose, quality of study and safety of probiotics. The overall quality of the evidence supporting each outcome was assessed using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation criteria.RESULTS: A total of 1329 studies were identified with 22 trials(23 treatment arms and 4155 participants) meeting eligibility requirements for our review of prevention of AAD and 5 trials(1211 participants) for the prevention of CDI. Trials in adult populations, trials of uncertain antibiotic exposure or studies which did not provide incidence of AAD were excluded. We found 12 trials testing a single strain of probiotic and 10 trials testing a mixture of probiotic strains. Probiotics(all strains combined) significantly reduced the incidence of pediatric AAD(pooled RR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.33-0.53) and significantly reduced pediatric CDI(pooled RR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.13-0.92). Of the two strains with multiple trials, both significantly reduced pediatric AAD: Saccharomyces boulardii lyo(pooled RR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.32-0.60) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG(pooled RR = 0.36, 95%CI: 0.19-0.69). There was no significant effect by type of antibiotic, or by duration or dose of probiotic. No adverse events associated were found in the 22 controlled trials relating to the use of probiotics.CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis found that probiotics significantly prevented pediatric antibiotic associated diarrhea and pediatric CDI, but the efficacy varies significantly by the strain of the probiotic. | Lynne V Mc Farland Shan Goh | 2013 | World Journal of Meta-Analysis2013，1，3： | 8 |
| 5 | Meta-analysis of single strain probiotics for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and prevention of adverse events显示文摘AIM:To assess the efficacy and safety of single strain probiotics for the:(1) eradication of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori);(2) prevention of adverse events;and(3) prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea associated with eradication therapy.METHODS:We searched Pub Med(1960-2014),EMBASE(1974-2014),Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(1990-2014),and ISI Web of Science(2000-2014).Additionally,we conducted a grey literature search including contact with National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials Registry,abstracts from annual infectious disease and gastroenterology meetings,experts in the field and correspondence with authors.Randomized controlled trials of H.pylori positive adults or children treated with eradication therapy and assessing the adjunctive therapy with a single strain of probiotics were included.The primary outcomes were the rates of eradication of H.pylori and frequency of patients with adverse events or antibiotic-associated diarrhea.Outcomes were pooled using fixed or random-effects models to calculate the relative risk and corresponding 95%CI and weighted on study size.To explore possible explanations for heterogeneity,a priori subgroup analyses were conducted on daily probiotic dose,study population,and quality of the study.The overall quality of the evidence for each probiotic strain was assessed using the GRADE criteria.RESULTS:A total of 25 randomized controlled trials(28 treatment arms,with a total of 3769 participants) assessed one of six single probiotic strains as adjunctive treatments to standard eradication therapy.Only one probiotic strain significantly improved H.pylori eradication rates:Saccharomyces boulardii(S.boulardii) CNCM I-745 [pooled relative risks(p RR) = 1.11,95%CI:1.07-1.16].Only one probiotic strain(S.boulardii CNCM I-745) significantly prevented any adverse events(p RR = 0.42,95%CI:0.28-0.62).Both S.boulardii CNCM I-745 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG significantlyreduced antibiotic-associated diarrhea(p RR = 0.47,95%CI:0.37-0.60 and p RR = 0.29,95%CI:0.17-0.48,respectively) associated with H.pylori eradication therapy.Meta-regression of sub-groups did not detect significant differences by dose,adult vs pediatric,symptom status,or study quality,but did find significant differences by the strain of probiotic.Potential mild publication bias was found for antibiotic-associated diarrhea,but not for eradication or adverse event outcomes.Analysis of the study quality illuminated areas for improvement in future studies(use of placebos,study size calculations,attrition reasons and discussion of limitations and generalizability).CONCLUSION:The pooled evidence suggests that the adjunctive use of a few probiotic strains may improve H.pylori eradication rates and prevent the development of adverse events and antibiotic-associated diarrhea in those treated with standard eradication therapies.The type of probiotic strain was the most important factor in predicting efficacy. | Lynne V McFarland Peter Malfertheiner Ying Huang Lin Wang | 2015 | World Journal of Meta-Analysis2015，3，2： | 6 |
| 6 | State-of-the-art of irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease research in 2008显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are two of the leading causes of chronic intestinal conditions in the world. This issue of World Journal of Gastroenterology (WJG ) presents a series of papers from world experts who discuss the current knowledge and opinions on these important conditions. Although great strides have been made in the diagnosis, treatment and pathology of IBS and IBD; much has yet to be explained. The etiologies and risk factors of these multifactorial conditions remain elusive. Specific diagnostic biomarkers need to be developed and safer treatments developed. The burden of IBS and IBD on the healthcare system is felt with repeated medical care visits and high costs. IBS and IBD patients can account for 30%-50% of office visits at gastroenterology services/clinics. Over one million people have IBD in the United States, with 30 000 new cases being diagnosed every year. One-quarter million people in the UK are afflicted with IBD. The cost of medical care in the United States for IBD is estimated to be $1.8 billion/year. | Lynne V McFarland | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 6 |
| 7 | Improvement After Constraint Induced Movement Therapy Is Independent of Infarct Location in Chronic Stroke Patients显示文摘 | Gauthier Lynne V MA Taub Edward PhD | 2009 | Stroke2009，40，7： | 1 |
| 8 | Ethylene interacts with acts with abscisic acid to regulate endosperm rupture during germination: a comparative approach using Lepidiumsativur and Arabidopsis thaliana 显示文摘 | Linkies A Muller K Morris K Tureckova V Wenk M Cadman CS Corbineau F Strnad M Lynn J R Finch-Savage W E Leubner-Metzger G | 2009 | Plant Cell2009，21，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Nature of polyphenol-protein interactions 显示文摘 | Siebert K J Troukhanova N V Lynn P Y | 1996 | J Agric Food Chem1996，44，： | 1 |
| 10 | Nature of polyphenol-protein interactions显示文摘 | SIEBERT K J TROUKHANOVA N V LYNN P Y | 1996 | J Agric Food Chem1996，44，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Nature of polyphenol-protein interactions显示文摘 | Siebert K J Troukhanova N V Lynn Y P | 1996 | J Agric and Food Chem1996，44，： | 1 |
| 12 | Negative regulation of Caenorhabditis elegans epidermal damage responses by death- associated protein kinase 显示文摘 | Tong A Lynn G Ngo V | 2009 | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2009，106，5： | 1 |
| 13 | An ethics core curriculum for Australasian medical schools, A Working Group, on behalf of the Association of Teachers of Ethics and Law in Australian and New Zealand Medical Schools (ATEAM) 显示文摘 | ANNETTE J B LYNN H G EDWINA F V | 2001 | MJA2001，，175： | 1 |
| 14 | A study of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and other markers of upper gastrointestinal tract disease in patients with rosacea 显示文摘 | SHARMA V K LYNN A KAMINSKI M | 1998 | Am J Gastroenterol1998，93，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Nature of polyphenol-protein interactions显示文摘 | SIEBERT K J TROUKHANOVA N V LYNN P Y | 1996 | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry1996，44，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Library and university governance: Partners in student success显示文摘 | Lynn V M | 2013 | Reference Services Review2013，41，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Isolation and characterization of the first host recognition substance for parasitic an giosperms 显示文摘 | Lynn D Steffens J Kamat V etal | 1981 | AmChem Soc1981，103，： | 1 |
| 18 | Electroencephalographic biofeedback in the treatment of attention - deficit/hyperactivity disorder显示文摘 | Monastra V J Lynn S Linden M | 2005 | Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback2005，30，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Microemulsions with high water solubilizing capacity at high hydrocarbon levels and very low surfactant concentrations显示文摘 | Raymond L V Kay Lynn Elders Jiafu Fang | 1986 | J Coll Int Sci1986，109，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Lighter weight fiber! metal pressure vessels using carbon overwrap 显示文摘 | Morris E E Segimoto M Lynn V | 1986 | A1AA1986，1504，： | 1 |
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